Johnny Moss

Johnny Moss (May 14, 1907 – December 16, 1995)[1][2] was a gambler and professional poker player. He was the first winner of the World Series of Poker (WSOP) Main Event, at the time a cash game event in which he was awarded the title by the vote of his peers in 1970. He also twice won the current tournament format of the WSOP Main Event in 1971 and 1974. He was one of the charter inductees into the Poker Hall of Fame in 1979.[3]

For other people with the same name, see John Moss (disambiguation).
Johnny Moss
Moss at the 1974 World Series of Poker
Nickname(s)The Grand Old Man of Poker
ResidenceDallas, Texas
Born(1907-05-14)May 14, 1907
Marshall, Texas
DiedDecember 16, 1995(1995-12-16) (aged 88)
World Series of Poker
Bracelet(s)9
Money finish(es)25
Highest ITM
Main Event finish		Winner, 1970, 1971, 1974

Early years

Moss was born on May 14, 1907, in Marshall, Texas and grew up in Dallas, Texas, which was where he learned how to gamble as a young boy. A group of cheaters taught him how to cheat in games, but Moss put this knowledge to good use. As a teenager, he was hired by a local saloon to watch over games and make sure they were played fairly. While he was keeping games safe from cheaters, he was learning the strategy behind playing poker.[4]

Gambling career

Two years later, Moss became a rounder and traveled the country looking for gambling action.[5] In the 1950s, Moss moved to Odessa, Texas to be a part of the oil boom and gambling action. Moss and his fellow gamblers were part of one of the biggest poker games in Texas for many years.[6]

Heads-up marathon with Nick The Greek

In 1949, Moss played with Nick the Greek in a five-month-long "heads up" poker marathon set up by mob boss Benny Binion, winning between $2 and $4 million.[7] At the conclusion of the game, Nick the Greek uttered what has become one of the most famous poker quotes ever: "Mr. Moss, I have to let you go."[8] This game is often cited as the inspiration behind the WSOP.[8][9][10] This game became the foundation for Al Alvarez's book The Biggest Game in Town and is one of the best known stories in poker. Despite being one of the best-known poker stories, claims have been made that the game never took place.[11] According to author Steve Fischer, there were no stories or reports of this tournament until six years after Nick's death. Binion never spoke of the game even when providing a detailed history of Las Vegas and avoided answering questions about the game by saying, "Well, my memory ain't what it used to be."[11] While Nick the Greek was often covered by the national media, there are no news reports in any local or national source. Fischer says that nearly every version of the story is virtually identical to the version first told by Moss beginning circa 1971. The story is consistently said to have taken place in 1949 at the Horseshoe Casino, a casino that did not exist for another year and a half. Fischer also points out that during the time that Binion supposedly set up the game, he was fighting off a request from Texas to have him extradited. Because of his past, Binion lost his license to run a gambling establishment in 1948 and did not regain it until April 13, 1950. He was not granted a license to open the Horseshoe Casino until December 5, 1952. Fischer believes that the notion of Binion sponsoring a poker game, in front of a window, of a casino that had not opened, while fighting extradition is "absurd."[11]

In reaction to a 2017 pokernews.com article on the topic, Jack Binion, at the time 80 years old, attempted to clarify. To address the heart of the matter first, Binion explained that Johnny Moss and Nick Dandolos did play a poker match in 1949, although it was not at the Horseshoe at all. Nor was it the months-long spectacle open to spectators many have suggested the match to have been.

"It took place at the Flamingo," Binion explained. Also, it was "not in public." This, he noted, was a quote from Dandolos himself.

Meanwhile, a few years later there was another poker game involving Moss, this time at the Horseshoe.

"There was a big game at the Horseshoe in the early '50s," Binion explained, "but Nick didn't participate." The game featured "multiple players" including Moss, who came and went as the game continued around the clock. Unlike the game at the Flamingo in 1949, the later one "was held in public."

The confusion, Binion surmised, likely stemmed from Moss having participated in both games. However, there was never one between him and Dandolos at the Horseshoe, and the pair never did have a high-stakes heads-up battle in public. Binion also clarified that the inspiration for the WSOP was the previously held Texas Gamblers Reunion and not any Moss/Dandolos match.[12][13]

World Series of Poker
A group of players outside of Binion's Horseshoe in 1974. The players pictured are (from left to right) Johnny Moss, Chill Wills, Amarillo Slim, Jack Binion, and Puggy Pearson.

Moss won the 1970, 1971, and 1974 World Series of Poker Main Events.[14][15] For the 1970 Main Event, Moss was actually elected champion by his peers and received a silver cup as his prize. A (possibly apocryphal) story about that election which has appeared in print several times has every one of the seven players voting for himself as the best player, and that it was only when the players were asked to vote for the second best player that Moss emerged.[16] He played at every WSOP from 1970 through 1995, and during his career, he won nine WSOP bracelets. Moss had at least a share of the lifetime WSOP bracelet lead up until the 2005 World Series of Poker, which is where Johnny Chan won his tenth career bracelet.[17]

World Series of Poker bracelets
Year Tournament Prize (US$)
1970 World Series of Poker World Championship*
1971 Limit Ace to 5 Draw $10,000
1971 $5,000 No Limit Hold'em World Championship $30,000
1974 $10,000 No Limit Hold'em World Championship $160,000
1975 $1,000 Seven Card Stud $44,000
1976 $500 Seven Card Stud $13,000
1979 $5,000 Seven Card Stud $48,000
1981 $1,000 Seven Card Stud Hi-Lo $33,500
1988 $1,500 Ace to Five Draw** $116,400

*In 1970, Moss was voted champion by his peers and was awarded a silver cup.[18]

**Moss set the record for the oldest bracelet winner in WSOP history, which still stands as of the end of the 2017 World Series of Poker.

Personal life and legacy

Moss's wife was Virgie, who was from West Texas.[19]

One of Moss's strategies for tournament poker was survival in the early stages. As the tournament goes on and blinds increase, his strategy was to test opponents with aggression and bigger pots.[20]

Moss outlined his strategies in a slim 1950 book, "How to Win at Poker"[21] The publisher's foreword demurs that there is any such person as "John Moss," stating that the name hides the identity of "a very astute midwest poker player." Further biographical details confirm that the author is indeed Moss.

Fellow professional Doyle Brunson put Moss on his Mount Rushmore of poker players, along with Puggy Pearson, Sailor Roberts, and Chip Reese.[22]

An authorized autobiography on Moss, which is called Champion of Champions, was written by Don Jenkins.[23]

References
  1. Green, Marian (December 20, 1995). "Poker King Johnny Moss Dies". Las Vegas Review-Journal.
  2. "Hall of Fame Poker Classic (Dec 17, 1995)". www.conjelco.com. Archived from the original on October 28, 2018. Retrieved August 12, 2006.
  3. Wolford, Bryon; Smith, Shane. Cowboys, Gamblers and Hustlers. Cardoza Publishing. ISBN 9781580424721.
  4. "Poker in the Past: Johnny Moss". Medium. November 2, 2018. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  5. Moe, Albert Woods (2001). Nevada's Golden Age of Gambling. Al Moe. ISBN 9780971501904.
  6. Hughes, Johnny (August 2012). Famous Gamblers, Poker History, and Texas Stories. iUniverse. ISBN 9781475942156.
  7. Schoonmaker, Alan N. (March 1, 2009). Poker Winners Are Different. Kensington Publishing Corp. ISBN 9780806534794.
  8. "Johnny Moss The "Grand Old Man" Of Poker". Vicepost. May 21, 2009. Archived from the original on February 5, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2010.
  9. "Betfair - WSOPE - World Series of Poker Europe". wsope.betfair.com. Archived from the original on February 10, 2010. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
  10. Alvarez, Al (February 3, 2009). The Biggest Game in Town. Picador. ISBN 9781429918664.
  11. Fischer, Steve. "The Biggest Game Never Played" in Poker Pro Magazine" pages 36-43. December 2009.
  12. Grotenstein, Jonathan; Reback, Storms (September 19, 2006). All In: The (Almost) Entirely True Story of the World Series of Poker. Macmillan. ISBN 9781466832848.
  13. Thompson, William N. (February 10, 2015). Gambling in America: An Encyclopedia of History, Issues, and Society, 2nd Edition. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781610699808.
  14. Lubet, Steven (May 25, 2006). Lawyers' Poker: 52 Lessons that Lawyers Can Learn from Card Players. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199884667.
  15. Swanson, Doug J. (July 15, 2015). Blood Aces: The Wild Life and Fast Times of the Gangster Who Invented Vegas Poker. Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 9781445648187.
  16. Wilson, Des (March 17, 2009). Ghosts at the Table: Riverboat Gamblers, Texas Rounders, Roadside Hucksters, and the Living Legends Who Made Poker What I. Da Capo Press. ISBN 9780786732050.
  17. Jain, Nitya (June 13, 2020). "Johnny Chan: First Player to Reach 10 WSOP Bracelets!". Gutshot Magazine. Archived from the original on November 14, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  18. Rogers, Mark (2006). 52 Greatest Moments World Series of Poker. Cornhole Book. ISBN 9780978744694.
  19. Hale, H. D. (April 1, 1999). Gentleman Gambler: "Oklahoma Johnny" Hale on Poker and Las Vegas. Poker Plus Publications. ISBN 9781884466113.
  20. Apostolico, David (August 1, 2006). Lessons From The Pro Poker Tour: A Seat At The Table With Poker's Greatest Players. Kensington Publishing Corp. ISBN 9780818407345.
  21. Knight Publishers 1950; Dolphin Books edition 1973.
  22. Brunson, Doyle. Godfather of Poker. Cardoza Publishing. ISBN 9781580424776.
  23. Steiger, Tristan. "Poker Book Store: Don Jenkins, Johnny Moss. Champion of Champions". www.poker-soft.com. Archived from the original on November 30, 2018.
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