Wheeler Peak (Nevada)
Wheeler Peak is the tallest mountain in the Snake Range and in White Pine County, in Nevada, United States. The summit elevation of 13,065 feet (3,982 m) makes it the second-highest peak in Nevada, just behind Boundary Peak.[4] With a topographic prominence of 7,563 feet (2,305 m), Wheeler Peak is the most topographically prominent peak in White Pine County and the second-most prominent peak in Nevada, just behind Mount Charleston.[5] The mountain is located in Great Basin National Park and was named for George Wheeler, leader of the Wheeler Survey of the late 19th century.
| Wheeler Peak | |
|---|---|
 Wheeler Peak, looking east-southeast in late afternoon light | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 13,065 ft (3,982 m) NAVD 88[1] |
| Prominence | 7,563 ft (2,305 m)[2] |
| Isolation | 320 km (200 mi)  |
| Listing |
|
| Coordinates | 38°59′10″N 114°18′48″W[1] |
| Geography | |
  Wheeler Peak Nevada | |
| Location | White Pine County, Nevada, U.S. |
| Parent range | Snake Range |
| Topo map | USGS Wheeler Peak |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | Trail hike (class 1) |
Peak features
Wheeler Peak has an impressive headwall above a large glacial cirque, large moraines and an active rock glacier. The top of the mountain is covered by deep snow most of the year. A paved road runs from the Great Basin National Park visitor center to several small camping areas, the highest more than halfway up the mountain. The mountain's prominence is due to a Miocene detachment fault that brought the deep Cambrian Prospect Mountain quartzite to the top of the mountain.
Doso Doyabi
Doso Doyabi stands about one mile to the east of Wheeler and reaches 12,775 feet (3,894 m)[6] with 138 metres (453 ft) of prominence.[7] In 1854–1855, Lieutenant Colonel Edward Steptoe named what is now Wheeler Peak in honor of Jefferson Davis. Davis was then serving as Secretary of War in the United States government. In 1869, during the Wheeler Survey, it was proposed that the peak be named after George Wheeler. Wheeler states that the idea was abandoned when it was learned that in 1859 James H. Simpson had suggested naming the peak "Union", though the Wheeler name was later used for the primary peak.[8][9][10] In January 2019 the Nevada State Board on Geographic Names approved changing the name of Jeff Davis Peak to Doso Doyabi, which means White Mountain in Shoshone;[11] later that year, the change was approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names.[12][6]
Climate
| Climate data for Wheeler Peak NV 38.9842 N, 114.3193 W, Elevation: 12,405 ft (3,781 m) (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 25.3 (−3.7) |
23.7 (−4.6) |
28.1 (−2.2) |
33.2 (0.7) |
42.0 (5.6) |
53.4 (11.9) |
61.6 (16.4) |
60.2 (15.7) |
52.7 (11.5) |
41.9 (5.5) |
31.8 (−0.1) |
24.6 (−4.1) |
39.9 (4.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 16.7 (−8.5) |
15.1 (−9.4) |
18.6 (−7.4) |
22.7 (−5.2) |
29.9 (−1.2) |
40.4 (4.7) |
48.6 (9.2) |
47.4 (8.6) |
40.9 (4.9) |
31.9 (−0.1) |
23.5 (−4.7) |
16.8 (−8.4) |
29.4 (−1.5) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 8.2 (−13.2) |
6.5 (−14.2) |
9.0 (−12.8) |
12.2 (−11.0) |
17.9 (−7.8) |
27.3 (−2.6) |
35.6 (2.0) |
34.5 (1.4) |
29.2 (−1.6) |
21.9 (−5.6) |
15.2 (−9.3) |
9.0 (−12.8) |
18.9 (−7.3) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 4.30 (109) |
4.69 (119) |
4.39 (112) |
4.82 (122) |
3.62 (92) |
1.67 (42) |
1.77 (45) |
1.98 (50) |
2.13 (54) |
3.02 (77) |
2.98 (76) |
3.89 (99) |
39.26 (997) |
| Source: PRISM Climate Group[13] | |||||||||||||
Access
A well-maintained trail, the Wheeler Peak Summit Trail, leads from a trail-head near the end of Wheeler Peak Scenic Drive directly to the summit, making for a class 1 hike. Afternoon storms are likely during the summer.[14][15]
Wheeler Peak vs. Boundary Peak
The distinction of highest point in Nevada goes to the summit of Boundary Peak, so named because it is just east of the Nevada-California border, at the northern terminus of the White Mountains. Wheeler Peak is, however, the tallest independent mountain in the state since Boundary Peak is considered a subsidiary summit of Montgomery Peak, whose summit is in California. The topographic prominence of Boundary Peak is 253 feet (77 m), which falls under the often used 300-foot (91 m) cutoff for an independent peak. Also, Boundary Peak is less than 1 mile (1.6 km) away from its higher neighbor, while Wheeler Peak is over 230 miles from the nearest higher peak.[2]
By contrast the prominence of Wheeler Peak, at 7,563 feet (2,305 m), is the twelfth largest in the contiguous United States.[16] It is also the twelfth most topographically isolated summit in the contiguous United States.[17]
Nearby features
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The limestone Lehman Caves, at the base of the mountain, feature a large collection of shield formations. Tours of the caves are offered year round by the National Park Service. Higher up on the glacial moraine is a grove of ancient Great Basin Bristlecone Pines of great age. A Bristlecone Pine named Prometheus, which was at least 4,862 years old and the oldest known non-clonal organism, grew here before it was inadvertently cut down in 1964 as part of a research project. Limber Pine, which can live for over 1,000 years, are also found in the area.
References
- "Wheeler Peak". NGS Data Sheet. National Geodetic Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
- "Wheeler Peak, Nevada". Peakbagger.com.
- "Great Basin Peaks Section List". Toiyabe Chapter, Sierra Club. Retrieved 2020-09-21.
- "Nevada 11,000-foot Peaks". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2014-10-22.
- "Nevada Peaks with 2000 feet of Prominence". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2014-10-23.
- "Doso Doyabi". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- "Doso Doyabi, Nevada". Peakbagger.com.
- Wheeler, George M. (1875). Report upon United States Geographical Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian. p. 29. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
- Fifth Annual report of the United States Geological Survey to the Secretary of the Interior, 1883-1884. 1885. p. 342. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
This mountain has a number of synonyms. To the Indians it is known as "Too-bur-rit" and to the whites as "Union," "Jeff Davis," "Lincoln," and "Wheeler's Peak". Capt. J. H. Simpson passed near it in 1859 and named it Union Peak, in reference to its double form when seen from the north. (See Simpson's "Exploration across the Great Basin of Utah in 1859," pages 51 and 121.) Among the settlers in the southern portions of Utah and Nevada it is generally known as Jeff Davis Peak. It is said that two miners, while exploring the mountain during the time of the late rebellion, one being of Southern and the other of Northern birth, named the two spires forming the summit of the mountain respectively Jeff Davis and Lincoln Peaks; by general consent the former has been adopted as the name of the mountain. In 1869 Lieut. G. M. Wheeler and party ascended the mountain, accompanied by Rev. A. F. White, acting State geologist of Nevada, who named it Wheeler's Peak. See "Report on a Reconnaissance in Southern and Southeastern Nevada," Engineer Dep., U.S.A., 1875, p. 62.
- Unrau, Harlan D. (1990). Basin and Range: A History of Great Basin National Park, Nevada. p. 27. hdl:2027/mdp.39015019475014. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
- Spillman, Benjamin (8 January 2019). "Updated: Jeff Davis Peak could be renamed to Doso Doyabi, awaits federal approval". Reno Gazette Journal. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
- "Minutes from the 810th Meeting". United States Board on Geographic Names. 14 February 2019. Retrieved 8 June 2018.
- "PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University". PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
To find the table data on the PRISM website, start by clicking Coordinates (under Location); copy Latitude and Longitude figures from top of table; click Zoom to location; click Precipitation, Minimum temp, Mean temp, Maximum temp; click 30-year normals, 1991-2020; click 800m; click Retrieve Time Series button.
- "Hiking Trails - Great Basin National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
- "Wheeler Peak". SummitPost.org. Retrieved 2014-11-12.
- "USA Lower 48 Top 100 Peaks by Prominence". Peakbagger.com.
- "Most Isolated Peaks of the U.S. States". Peakbagger.com.
External links
- "Wheeler Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
- "Wheeler Peak" (PDF). Great Basin National Park. National Park Service. Retrieved 2010-10-16.