Isaiah 35

Isaiah 35
Isaiah 35
← chapter 34 chapter 36 →
	The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.
Book	Book of Isaiah
Hebrew Bible part	Nevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part	5
Category	Latter Prophets
Christian Bible part	Old Testament
Order in the Christian part	23

Isaiah 35 is the thirty-fifth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. This is the final chapter in a group (chapters 28–35) which the Jerusalem Bible calls a collection of "poems on Israel and Judah".[1] The New King James Version entitles this chapter "The Future Glory of Zion".[2]

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 10 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Isaiah Scroll (1Qlsa^a; 356-100 BCE[3]), Codex Cairensis (895 CE), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).[4]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^Q; 6th century).[5]

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.[6] Isaiah 35 is a part of the Prophecies about Judah and Israel (Isaiah 24–35). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

{S} 35:1-2 {P} 35:3-10 {S}[7][lower-alpha 1]

Analysis

This chapter shares similar imagery as later parts of Isaiah (chapters 40–66, such as:[11][12]

God's glory (verse 2; cf. Isaiah 40:5)[11][12]
Opening the eyes of the blind and healing the lame (verses 5–6; cf. Isaiah 40:5; Isaiah 42:7[13]
Promise of a highway through the desert (verse 8ff; cf. Isaiah 40:3; 62:10)[11][12]

Verse 1

The wilderness and the solitary place shall be glad for them; and the desert shall rejoice, and blossom as the rose.[14]

This verse uses three terms for desolate places: מִדְבָּר (midbar, "wilderness"), צִיָּה (tsiyyah, "dry place, desert"; KJV: "solitary place"), and עֲרָבָה (ʿaravah, "rift valley"; KJV: "desert").[15] A midbar is an area that receives less than twelve inches of rain per year and may have some pasturage (if receiving six to twelve inches of rain), but often has desert-like qualities.[15] A tsiyyah does not refer to 'a sandy desert per se', but among the three terms 'most clearly indicates a dry, desert region'.[15] The "rift valley" includes the Jordan Valley, yet 'it still has a reputation as a dry, desolate place from its conditions near the Dead Sea and southward'.[15]

"Rose": is translated from the Hebrew word ḥăḇatzeleṯ, that occurs two times in the scriptures, beside in this verse also in Song of Songs 2:1, and rendered variously as "lily" (Septuagint "κρίνον",[16] Vulgate "lilium",[17] Wiclif "lily"[18]), "jonquil" (Jerusalem Bible) and "crocus" (RSV)

Verse 5

Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened,

and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped.[19]

Jesus cited this verse in claiming these prophecies to himself, when he spoke to the disciples of John the Baptist as recorded in Matthew 11:4, 5.[20] Jesus performed the miracles of giving sight to the blind people multiple times, providing the proof that 'he was the Messiah sent from God' (Matthew 9:27; Matthew 20:30; Mark 8:23; Mark 10:46; Luke 7:21).[21]

Verse 6

Then shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb sing: for in the wilderness shall waters break out, and streams in the desert.[22]

"The lame man leap as an hart": Compared to the healing of lame men by Christ (Matthew 15:30) or by Peter (Acts 3:1).[23]

Verse 10

And the ransomed of the LORD shall return, and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads: they shall obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.[24]

"The ransomed of the Lord shall return": from Hebrew: ופדויי יהוה ישבון, ū-p̄ə-ḏū-yê Yah-weh yə-šu-ḇūn,[10] "And_the_ransomed of_Yahweh shall_return"; in combination with the last phrase of verse 9: "and the redeemed will walk, the ransomed of the Lord will return."[25]
"On their heads": from Hebrew: על־ראשם, ‘al-rō-šām,[10] "[will be] on their head[s]"; NET: "will crown them".[26] "Joy" here is likened to a crown (cf. 2 Samuel 1:10), which may also be 'an ironic twist on the idiom "earth/dust on the head" (cf. 2 Samuel 1:2; 13:19; 15:32; Job 2:12), referring to a mourning practice'.[26]
"They shall obtain": from Hebrew: ישיגו, ya-syî-ḡū,,[10] "will overtake" (NIV); NLT: "they will be overcome with"; NET: "will overwhelm them".[27]
"And sorrow and sighing shall flee away" (KJV/NKJV): from Hebrew: ונסו יגון ואנחה, wə-nā-sū yā-ḡō-wn wa-’ă-nā-ḥāh, "and_shall_flee_away sorrow and_sighing[10] or "grief and groaning will flee"; NET: "grief and suffering will disappear".[28]

The theme of "sorrow and sighing" can be linked to the elaboration in Isaiah 65.[29]

Uses

Music

The Catholic theologian Friedrich Dörr based an Advent song, "Kündet allen in der Not", on verses from this chapter.

The King James Version of verses 5–6 from this chapter are cited as texts in the English-language oratorio "Messiah" by George Frideric Handel (HWV 56).[30]

Notes

In the Leningrad Codex the parashah sections are: {S}[8] 35:1-2 {S}[9] 35:3-10 {P}[10]

References

Jerusalem Bible (1966), Isaiah section E: Poems on Israel and Judah
Isaiah 35:1–10
Jull, Timothy A. J.; Donahue, Douglas J.; Broshi, Magen; Tov, Emanuel (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 37 (1): 14. Retrieved 11 July 2017.
Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
As implemented in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.
Isaiah 35 - Aleppo Codex. STEP Bible
Hebrew Text Analysis: Isaiah 34:17. Biblehub
Hebrew Text Analysis: Isaiah 35:2. Biblehub
Hebrew Text Analysis: Isaiah 35:10. Biblehub
Childs 2001, p. 255.
Coggins 2007, p. 462.
Childs 2001, pp. 255, 258.
Isaiah 35:1 KJV
Note [b] on Isaiah 35:1 in NET Bible
Isaiah 35:1, Septuagint
Isaiah 35:1 Archived 2020-07-12 at the Wayback Machine, Vulgate
Isaiah 35:1, Wiclif
Isaiah 35:5 KJV
Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). On "Isaiah 35". In: The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019.
Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Bible - Isaiah 35. James Murphy (ed). London: Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.
Isaiah 35:6 KJV
Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Isaiah 35. Accessed 24 April 2019.
Isaiah 35:10 KJV
Note [a] on Isaiah 35:10 in NET
Note [b] on Isaiah 35:10 in NET
Note [c] on Isaiah 35:10 in NET
Note [d] on Isaiah 35:10 in NET
Childs 2001, p. 258.
Block, Daniel I. (2001). "Handel's Messiah: Biblical and Theological Perspectives" (PDF). Didaskalia. 12 (2). Retrieved 19 July 2011.

Sources

Childs, Brevard S. (2001). Isaiah. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664221430.
Coggins, R (2007). "22. Isaiah". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 433–486. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.

External links

Jewish

Isaiah 35 Hebrew with Parallel English

Christian

Isaiah 35 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate Archived 2020-07-12 at the Wayback Machine

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[11] In the Leningrad Codex the parashah sections are: {S}[8] 35:1-2 {S}[9] 35:3-10 {P}[10]

[1] Jerusalem Bible (1966), Isaiah section E: Poems on Israel and Judah

[2] Isaiah 35:1–10

[3] Jull, Timothy A. J.; Donahue, Douglas J.; Broshi, Magen; Tov, Emanuel (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 37 (1): 14. Retrieved 11 July 2017.

[FOOTNOTEWürthwein199535–37-4] Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.

[FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74-5] Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.

[6] As implemented in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.

[Isa35aleppo-7] Isaiah 35 - Aleppo Codex. STEP Bible

[Isa34_17h-8] Hebrew Text Analysis: Isaiah 34:17. Biblehub

[Isa35_2h-9] Hebrew Text Analysis: Isaiah 35:2. Biblehub

[Isa35_10h-10] Hebrew Text Analysis: Isaiah 35:10. Biblehub

[FOOTNOTEChilds2001255-12] Childs 2001, p. 255.

[FOOTNOTECoggins2007462-13] Coggins 2007, p. 462.

[FOOTNOTEChilds2001255,_258-14] Childs 2001, pp. 255, 258.

[15] Isaiah 35:1 KJV

[netnoteb-16] Note [b] on Isaiah 35:1 in NET Bible

[17] Isaiah 35:1, Septuagint

[18] Isaiah 35:1 Archived 2020-07-12 at the Wayback Machine, Vulgate

[19] Isaiah 35:1, Wiclif

[20] Isaiah 35:5 KJV

[pulpit-21] Exell, Joseph S.; Spence-Jones, Henry Donald Maurice (Editors). On "Isaiah 35". In: The Pulpit Commentary. 23 volumes. First publication: 1890. Accessed 24 April 2019.

[barnes-22] Barnes, Albert. Notes on the Bible - Isaiah 35. James Murphy (ed). London: Blackie & Son, 1884. Reprint, Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1998.

[23] Isaiah 35:6 KJV

[gill-24] Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible. Isaiah 35. Accessed 24 April 2019.

[25] Isaiah 35:10 KJV

[26] Note [a] on Isaiah 35:10 in NET

[10noteb_NET-27] Note [b] on Isaiah 35:10 in NET

[28] Note [c] on Isaiah 35:10 in NET

[29] Note [d] on Isaiah 35:10 in NET

[FOOTNOTEChilds2001258-30] Childs 2001, p. 258.

[Block_2001-31] Block, Daniel I. (2001). "Handel's Messiah: Biblical and Theological Perspectives" (PDF). Didaskalia. 12 (2). Retrieved 19 July 2011.