Goryeo military regime

The Goryeo military regime (Korean: 무신정권; Hanja: 武臣政權; RR: Musin Jeonggwon; MR: Musin Jŏnggwŏn) was the government of the Goryeo dynasty from the time of the military coup d'état of 1170 to the Sambyeolcho Rebellion of 1270 and the definitive subordination of Korea to the Yuan dynasty. The rule of the Ubong Choe family from 1196 to 1258 is known as the "regime of the Choe clan" (최씨정권, 崔氏政權).

Goryeo
고려 (高麗)
Goryeo
무신정권 (武臣政權)
Musin Jeonggwon
CapitalMain :
Gaegyeong
Temporary :
Ganghwa[lower-alpha 1]
(1232–1270)
Common languagesMiddle Korean,
Classical Chinese (literary)
Ethnic groups
Korean
Religion
Buddhism,
Confucianism,
Taoism,
Shamanism
GovernmentMilitary dictatorship later Hereditary dictatorship
King 
• 1170–1197
Myeongjong
• 1259–1274
Wonjong
Military dictator 
• 1170–1174
Yi Ui-bang (first)
• 1270
Im Yu-mu (last)
History 
• Military coup d'état
11 October 1170
• Choes' regency
1196–1258
1232–1258
1270–1273
CurrencyGoryeo coinage
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Goryeo
Goryeo
Today part ofNorth Korea
South Korea
Goryeo military regime
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationMusin Jeonggwon
McCune–ReischauerMusin Jŏnggwŏn

The History of Goryeo exemplifies the period in its evaluation of the reign of one of the kings of the military regime, Sinjong:

Sinjong was put upon the throne by Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn, and all matters of life and death, decisions to accept or to reject, were in Ch'oe's hands. Sinjong stood above his subjects holding only empty authority. Alas, he was nothing but a puppet.[1]

List of leaders
Name Assumed power Power ended Monarch Notes
Yi Ui-bang 1170 1174 Uijong
Myeongjong		 Led a successful rebellion against the civilian government and deposed Uijong, installing Myeongjong as a puppet king. Overthrown.
Jeong Jung-bu 1174 1179 Myeongjong Participant in 1170 rebellion; ordered the assassination of Yi Ui-bang and assumed personal power. Overthrown.
Gyeong Dae-seung 1179 1183 Assassinated Jeong jung-bu and his family. Gyeong Dae-seung tried to restore the civilian government. But Myeongjong, who regarded him as violate on royal power, hated him. Consequently, Gyeong Dae-seung failed to restore the civilian government, but historians of the Joseon Dynasty didn't consider him as traitor. (All other leaders considered as traitor against the king)
Yi Ui-min 1183 1196 Assumed power by request of Myeongjong after Gyeong's death. Overthrown.
Regime under the Choe clan
Choe Chung-heon 1196 1219 Myeongjong
Sinjong
Huijong
Gangjong
Gojong		 Overthrew the governing War Council and assassinated Yi Ui-min. Choe Chung-heon thereby established the Ubong Choe Military regime (1196 - 1258).
Choe Woo 1219 1249 Gojong Son of Choe Chung-heon.
Choe Hang 1249 1257 Son of Choe Woo.
Choe Ui 1257 1258 Son of Choe Hang. Overthrown and Killed by Kim Jun and Yu Gyeong (1211–1289).
Later regimes
Kim Jun 1258 1268 Gojong
Wonjong		 Assassinated Choe Ui. Overthrown.
Im Yeon 1268 1270 Wonjong
Yeongjong
Wonjong		 Assassinated Kim Jun. Unsuccessfully attempted to instate a new king.
Im Yu-mu 1270 1270 Wonjong Son of Im Yeon. Overthrown by Sambyeolcho under direction of the Mongols. End of the military regimes.

Cultural references
  • Age of Warriors[2]
  • Korean History RPG - Heroes of Turbulence[3]
  • Letters from Korean History 2[4]
  • The History Swimmingly[5]
  • Thousand Days Unofficial History - Episode 88[6]
  • Who? Myocheong, Kim Bu-sik Part[7]

See also

Notes
  1. Other name(s): Gangdo (강도; 江都)

References
  1. Lee 1984, p. 142.
  2. "안방에 핏방울 떨어지네" [Drops of blood fall in the master bedroom]. Hankyoreh 21 (in Korean). 14 March 2003. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  3. "선사부터 광복까지, 한국사 RPG '난세의 영웅' 정식 출시" [From prehistoric times to liberation, Korean history RPG 'Heroes of Turbulence' officially released]. Game Meca (in Korean). 9 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  4. "[이야기 한국사] 반란 일으킨 무신, 문신 몰아내고 정권 잡다" [[Story Korean History] The military officials who caused the rebellion drove out civil ministers and seized power]. Chosun Edu (in Korean). 16 November 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  5. 역사가 술술 - 무신, 권력을 잡다_#001 [The History Swimmingly - The military officials, seizing power_#001] (in Korean). EBS Kids. 5 August 2016. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  6. 무신들의 반란! 문신들의 시체가 산처럼 쌓이다 [The military officials's Rebellion! Dead bodies of civil ministers pile up like a mountain]. Naver TV (in Korean). Thousand Days Unofficial History. 14 May 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  7. "우리 교회 아래에 있는 구립도서관에서 찾은건데" [I found it in the municipal library under my church] (in Korean). Arca Live. 28 May 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.

Sources
  • Lee, Ki-baek (1984). "Chapter 7: Rule by the Military". A New History of Korea. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-61576-2.
  • Schultz, E. J. (2000). Generals and Scholars: Military Rule in Medieval Korea. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2324-5.
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