Iñupiaq numerals
The Iñupiaq language has a vigesimal (base-20) numeral system. Numerals are built from a small number of root words and a number of compounding suffixes. The following list are the various numerals of the language, omitting only the higher derivatives ending in the suffix -utaiḷaq, which subtracts one from the value of the stem.[1] (See Iñupiaq language#Numerals.) They are transcribed both in the vigesimal Kaktovik digits that were designed for Iñupiaq and in the decimal Hindu-Arabic digits. Apart from the subtractive suffix -utaiḷaq, which has no counterpart in Kaktovik notation, and the idiosyncratic root word itchaksrat 'six', Iñupiaq numerals are closely represented by the Kaktovik digits.
| Numeral | Morphological pattern | Kaktovik notation | Hindu-Arabic notation |
|---|---|---|---|
| kisitchisaġvik | [2] | 𝋀 | 0 |
| atausiq | 1 | 𝋁 | 1 |
| malġuk | 2 | 𝋂 | 2 |
| piŋasut | 3 | 𝋃 | 3 |
| sisamat | 4 | 𝋄 | 4 |
| tallimat | 5 | 𝋅 | 5 |
| itchaksrat | 6 | 𝋆 | 6 |
| tallimat malġuk | 5 + 2 | 𝋇 | 7 |
| tallimat piŋasut | 5 + 3 | 𝋈 | 8 |
| quliŋŋuġutaiḷaq | 10 − 1 | 𝋉 | 9 |
| qulit | 10 | 𝋊 | 10 |
| qulit atausiq | 10 + 1 | 𝋋 | 11 |
| qulit malġuk | 10 + 2 | 𝋌 | 12 |
| qulit piŋasut | 10 + 3 | 𝋍 | 13 |
| akimiaġutaiḷaq | 15 − 1 | 𝋎 | 14 |
| akimiaq | 15 | 𝋏 | 15 |
| akimiaq atausiq | 15 + 1 | 𝋐 | 16 |
| akimiaq malġuk | 15 + 2 | 𝋑 | 17 |
| akimiaq piŋasut | 15 + 3 | 𝋒 | 18 |
| iñuiññaġutaiḷaq | 20 − 1 | 𝋓 | 19 |
| iñuiññaq | 20 | 𝋁𝋀 | 20 |
| iḷagiññaq | 400 | 𝋁𝋀𝋀 | 400 |
| malġukipiaq | 2×20 | 𝋂𝋀 | 40 |
| piŋasukipiaq | 3×20 | 𝋃𝋀 | 60 |
| sisamakipiaq | 4×20 | 𝋄𝋀 | 80 |
| tallimakipiaq | 5×20 | 𝋅𝋀 | 100 |
| tallimakipiaq iñuiññaq | 5×20 + 20 | 𝋆𝋀 | 120 |
| tallimakipiaq malġukipiaq | 5×20 + 2×20 | 𝋇𝋀 | 140 |
| tallimakipiaq piŋasukipiaq | 5×20 + 3×20 | 𝋈𝋀 | 160 |
| tallimakipiaq sisamakipiaq | 5×20 + 4×20 | 𝋉𝋀 | 180 |
| qulikipiaq | 10×20 | 𝋊𝋀 | 200 |
| qulikipiaq iñuiññaq | 10×20 + 20 | 𝋋𝋀 | 220 |
| qulikipiaq malġukipiaq | 10×20 + 2×20 | 𝋌𝋀 | 240 |
| qulikipiaq piŋasukipiaq | 10×20 + 3×20 | 𝋍𝋀 | 260 |
| qulikipiaq sisamakipiaq | 10×20 + 4×20 | 𝋎𝋀 | 280 |
| akimiakipiaq | 15×20 | 𝋏𝋀 | 300 |
| akimiakipiaq iñuiññaq | 15×20 + 20 | 𝋐𝋀 | 320 |
| akimiakipiaq malġukipiaq | 15×20 + 2×20 | 𝋑𝋀 | 340 |
| akimiakipiaq piŋasukipiaq | 15×20 + 3×20 | 𝋒𝋀 | 360 |
| akimiakipiaq sisamakipiaq | 15×20 + 4×20 | 𝋓𝋀 | 380 |
| iñuiññakipiaq (= iḷagiññaq above) | 20×20 [= 202] |
𝋁𝋀𝋀 | 400 |
| malġuagliaq | 2×202 | 𝋂𝋀𝋀 | 800 |
| piŋasuagliaq | 3×202 | 𝋃𝋀𝋀 | 1,200 |
| sisamaagliaq | 4×202 | 𝋄𝋀𝋀 | 1,600 |
| tallimaagliaq | 5×202 | 𝋅𝋀𝋀 | 2,000 |
| quliagliaq | 10×202 | 𝋊𝋀𝋀 | 4,000 |
| akimiagliaq | 15×202 | 𝋏𝋀𝋀 | 6,000 |
| atausiqpak | 1×203 [= 203] | 𝋁,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 8,000 |
| malġuqpak | 2×203 | 𝋂,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 16,000 |
| piŋasuqpak | 3×203 | 𝋃,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 24,000 |
| sisamaqpak | 4×203 | 𝋄,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 32,000 |
| tallimaqpak | 5×203 | 𝋅,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 40,000 |
| quliqpak | 10×203 | 𝋊,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 80,000 |
| akimiaqpak | 15×203 | 𝋏,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 120,000 |
| iñuiññaqpak | 20×203 [= 204] | 𝋁𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 160,000 |
| malġukipiaqpak | 2×20×203 | 𝋂𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 320,000 |
| piŋasukipiaqpak | 3×20×203 | 𝋃𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 480,000 |
| sisamakipiaqpak | 4×20×203 | 𝋄𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 640,000 |
| tallimakipiaqpak | 5×20×203 | 𝋅𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 800,000 |
| qulikipiaqpak | 10×20×203 | 𝋊𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 1,600,000 |
| akimiakipiaqpak | 15×20×203 | 𝋏𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 2,400,000 |
| iḷagiññaqpak | 400×203 [= 205] | 𝋁𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 3,200,000 |
| malġuagliaqpak | 2×202×203 | 𝋂𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 6,400,000 |
| piŋasuagliaqpak | 3×202×203 | 𝋃𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 9,600,000 |
| sisamaagliaqpak | 4×202×203 | 𝋄𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 12,800,000 |
| tallimaagliaqpak | 5×202×203 | 𝋅𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 16,000,000 |
| quliagliaqpak | 10×202×203 | 𝋊𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 32,000,000 |
| akimiagliaqpak | 15×202×203 | 𝋏𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 48,000,000 |
| atausiqpakaippaq | 1×(203)2 [= 206] | 𝋁,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 64,000,000 |
| malġuqpakaippaq | 2×(203)2 | 𝋂,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 128,000,000 |
| piŋasuqpakaippaq | 3×(203)2 | 𝋃,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 192,000,000 |
| sisamaqpakaippaq | 4×(203)2 | 𝋄,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 256,000,000 |
| tallimaqpakaippaq | 5×(203)2 | 𝋅,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 320,000,000 |
| quliqpakaippaq | 10×(203)2 | 𝋊,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 640,000,000 |
| akimiaqpakaippaq | 15×(203)2 | 𝋏,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 960,000,000 |
| iñuiññaqpakaippaq | 20×(203)2 [= 207] | 𝋁𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 1,280,000,000 |
| malġukipiaqpakaippaq | 2×20×(203)2 | 𝋂𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 2,560,000,000 |
| piŋasukipiaqpakaippaq | 3×20×(203)2 | 𝋃𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 3,840,000,000 |
| sisamakipiaqpakaippaq | 4×20×(203)2 | 𝋄𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 5,120,000,000 |
| tallimakipiaqpakaippaq | 5×20×(203)2 | 𝋅𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 6,400,000,000 |
| qulikipiaqpakaippaq | 10×20×(203)2 | 𝋊𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 12,800,000,000 |
| akimiakipiaqpakaippaq | 15×20×(203)2 | 𝋏𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 19,200,000,000 |
| iḷagiññaqpakaippaq | 400×(203)2 [= 208] | 𝋁𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 25,600,000,000 |
| malġuagliaqpakaippaq | 2×202×(203)2 | 𝋂𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 51,200,000,000 |
| piŋasuagliaqpakaippaq | 3×202×(203)2 | 𝋃𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 76,800,000,000 |
| sisamaagliaqpakaippaq | 4×202×(203)2 | 𝋄𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 102,400,000,000 |
| tallimaagliaqpakaippaq | 5×202×(203)2 | 𝋅𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 128,000,000,000 |
| quliagliaqpakaippaq | 10×202×(203)2 | 𝋊𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 256,000,000,000 |
| akimiagliaqpakaippaq | 15×202×(203)2 | 𝋏𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 384,000,000,000 |
| atausiqpakpiŋatchaq | 1×(203)3 [= 209] | 𝋁,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 512,000,000,000 |
| malġuqpakpiŋatchaq | 2×(203)3 | 𝋂,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 1,024,000,000,000 |
| piŋasuqpakpiŋatchaq | 3×(203)3 | 𝋃,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 1,536,000,000,000 |
| sisamaqpakpiŋatchaq | 4×(203)3 | 𝋄,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 2,048,000,000,000 |
| tallimaqpakpiŋatchaq | 5×(203)3 | 𝋅,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 2,560,000,000,000 |
| quliqpakpiŋatchaq | 10×(203)3 | 𝋊,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 5,120,000,000,000 |
| akimiaqpakpiŋatchaq | 15×(203)3 | 𝋏,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 7,680,000,000,000 |
| iñuiññaqpakpiŋatchaq | 20×(203)3 [= 2010] | 𝋁𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 10,240,000,000,000 |
| malġukipiaqpakpiŋatchaq | 2×20×(203)3 | 𝋂𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 20,480,000,000,000 |
| piŋasukipiaqpakpiŋatchaq | 3×20×(203)3 | 𝋃𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 30,720,000,000,000 |
| sisamakipiaqpakpiŋatchaq | 4×20×(203)3 | 𝋄𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 40,960,000,000,000 |
| tallimakipiaqpakpiŋatchaq | 5×20×(203)3 | 𝋅𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 51,200,000,000,000 |
| qulikipiaqpakpiŋatchaq | 10×20×(203)3 | 𝋊𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 102,400,000,000,000 |
| akimiakipiaqpakpiŋatchaq | 15×20×(203)3 | 𝋏𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 153,600,000,000,000 |
| iḷagiññaqpakpiŋatchaq | 400×(203)3 [= 2011] | 𝋁𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 204,800,000,000,000 |
| malġuagliaqpakpiŋatchaq | 2×202×(203)3 | 𝋂𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 409,600,000,000,000 |
| piŋasuagliaqpakpiŋatchaq | 3×202×(203)3 | 𝋃𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 614,400,000,000,000 |
| sisamaagliaqpakpiŋatchaq | 4×202×(203)3 | 𝋄𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 819,200,000,000,000 |
| tallimaagliaqpakpiŋatchaq | 5×202×(203)3 | 𝋅𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 1,024,000,000,000,000 |
| quliagliaqpakpiŋatchaq | 10×202×(203)3 | 𝋊𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 2,048,000,000,000,000 |
| akimiagliaqpakpiŋatchaq | 15×202×(203)3 | 𝋏𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 3,072,000,000,000,000 |
| iñuiññagliaqpakpiŋatchaq | 20×202×(203)3 [= 2012] | 𝋁,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀,𝋀𝋀𝋀 | 4,096,000,000,000,000 |
References
- MacLean (2014) Iñupiatun Uqaluit Taniktun Sivuninit / Iñupiaq to English Dictionary, p. 840 ff
- A deverbal noun. Outside of mathematics, suitchuq "none" or suitchuq X "no X" is normally used.
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