Holy Family (Watteau)
Holy Family (La Sainte Famille), also called The Rest on the Flight into Egypt, is an oil on canvas painting by the French Rococo artist Antoine Watteau, now in the Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg. Variously dated between 1714 and 1721, Holy Family is possibly the rarest surviving religious subject in Watteau's art, related to either the Gospel of Matthew, or the Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew; it depicts the Virgin, the Christ Child, and Saint Joseph amid a landscape, surrounded by putti.
| Holy Family | |
|---|---|
| fr: La Sainte Famille | |
.jpg.webp) | |
| Artist | Antoine Watteau |
| Year | ca. 1714–1721 |
| Catalogue | H 6; G 31; DV 26; R 1; HA 181; EC 194; F B98; RM 236; RT 103 |
| Medium | oil on canvas |
| Dimensions | 129 cm × 97.2 cm (51 in × 38.3 in) |
| Location | Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg |
| Accession | ГЭ-1288 |
In the early 18th century, Holy Family belonged to Watteau's close friends, the royal councilor Nicolas Hénin and the manufacturer Jean de Jullienne; by the middle of that century, it entered the collection of Polish-Saxon statesman Heinrich, Count von Brühl. As part of the Brühl collection, the painting was acquired in 1769 for the Hermitage, then recently established by Empress Catherine II of Russia. Since the mid-19th century, it was present in the Tauride Palace, and later in the Gatchina Palace near Saint Petersburg; after the Russian Revolution, Holy Family entered the Hermitage again in 1920.
Exhibition history
| Year | Title | Location | Cat. no. | References | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1908 | Les anciennes écoles de peinture dans les palais et collections privées russes | Imperial Society for the Encouragement of the Arts, Saint Petersburg | 296 | [1][2] | |||||
| 1922–1925 | Temporary exhibition of new acquisition from French painting of the 17th and 18th centuries | Hermitage Museum, Petrograd (later Leningrad) | * | [3] | |||||
| 1965 | Chefs-d'oeuvre de la peinture française dans les musees de l'Ermitage et de Moscou | Musée des Beaux-Arts de Bordeaux, Bordeaux | 46 | [4]: 611–612 | |||||
| 1965–1966 | Chefs-d'oeuvre de la peinture française dans les musees de l'Ermitage et de Moscou | Louvre, Paris | 44 | [5][6]: 614 | |||||
| 1972 | Watteau and His Time | Hermitage Museum, Leningrad | 9 | [7][8] | |||||
| 1984 | Антуан Ватто. 300 лет со дня рождения | Hermitage Museum, Leningrad | * | [9] | |||||
| 1984–1985 | Watteau 1684–1721 | National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.; Galeries nationales du Grand Palais, Paris; Charlottenburg Palace, Berlin | P. 30 | [10] | |||||
| General references: Grasselli, Rosenberg & Parmantier 1984, p. 316, Nemilova 1985b, p. 458. "*" denotes an unnumbered entry. | |||||||||
References
- Старые годы: Каталог выставки картин (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Sirius. 1908. p. 56 – via the Internet Archive.
- Benois 1908, pp. 728–729, translated into French as Benois 1910, pp. 113–114; Weiner 1908–1909, pp. 249–250; Benois 2006, pp. 18, 21.
- Miller 1923, pp. 58–59; Ernst 1928, pp. 169–170.
- Charensol, Georges (June 15, 1965). "Les musées de Russie a Bordeaux". Revue des Deux Mondes (in French): 607–613. JSTOR 44590025.
- Lemoyne de Forges, Marie-Thérèse, ed. (1965). Chefs-d'oeuvre de la peinture française dans les musées de Léningrad et de Moscou (exhibition catalogue). Paris: Ministère d'État des affaires culturelles. pp. 114–115; cat. no. 44. OCLC 1138863.
- Charensol, Georges (October 15, 1965). "L'Ermitage au Louvre". Revue des Deux Mondes (in French): 610–616. JSTOR 44591522.
- Hermitage Museum, Leningrad (1972). Ватто и его время (exhibition catalogue) (in Russian). Leningrad: Avrora. pp. 15, 21. OCLC 990348938.
- Cailleux 1972, p. 734: "[…] and we can easily see all that the marvellous, transparent, fluent Rest on the Flight into Egypt (No. 9) owes to Rubens…"
- Deryabina, E. V. (1987). "Антуан Ватто. 300 лет со дня рождения". Сообщения Государственного Эрмитажа (in Russian). 52: 75. ISSN 0132-1501.
- Opperman 1988, p. 359: "He investigated the "high" art of the Old Masters and the French Academy (La sainte famille, no. 30; Diane au bain; "Nymph and Satyr"; the Crozat Seasons), as recently discussed by Donald Posner."
Further reading
- Adhémar, Hélène (1950). Watteau; sa vie, son oeuvre (in French). Includes "L’univers de Watteau", an introduction by René Huyghe. Paris: P. Tisné. pp. 85, 126, 144, 185, 225; cat. no. 181; pl. 107. OCLC 853537.
- Benois, A. N. (November–December 1908). "Живопись эпохи барокко и рококо" [Painting of the Age of Baroque and Rococo]. 1908: Выставка картин. Старые годы (in Russian). pp. 720–734 – via the Internet Archive.
- Benois, Alexandre (1910). "La Peinture Française, Italienne et Anglaise aux xviie et xviiie siècles". In Weiner, P. P. [in Russian] (ed.). Les Anciennes écoles de peinture dans les palais et collections privées russes, représentées à l'exposition organisée à St.- Pétersbourg en 1909 par la revue d'art ancien "Staryé gody". Bruxelles: G. van Oest. pp. 105–119. OCLC 697960157 – via the Internet Archive.
- Benois, A. N. (2006). "Выставка «Старых годов» (14 (27) ноября 1908 г., № 277)". Художественные письма, 1908–1917, газета "Речь". Петербург. Т. 1: 1908–1910 (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Sad Iskusstv. pp. 16–21. ISBN 5-94921-018-2.
- Börsch-Supan, Helmut [in German] (2000). Antoine Watteau, 1684-1721. Meister der französischen Kunst (in German). Köln: Könemann. pp. 129, 132; ill. 117. ISBN 3-8290-1630-1. OCLC 925262301.
- Cailleux, Jean (October 1972). "'Watteau and his times' at the Hermitage". The Burlington Magazine. 114 (835): 733–734. JSTOR 877114.
- Camesasca, Ettore [in Portuguese] (1971). The Complete Painting of Watteau. Classics of the World's Great Art. Introduction by John Sutherland. New York: Harry N. Abrams. cat. no. 194. ISBN 0810955253. OCLC 143069 – via the Internet Archive.
- Dacier, Émile; Vuaflart, Albert (1922). Jean de Julienne et les graveurs de Watteau au XVIII-e siècle. III. Catalogue (in French). Paris: M. Rousseau. cat. no. 26. OCLC 1039156495.
- Ernst, Serge [in Russian] (March 1928). "L'exposition de peinture française des XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles au musée de l'Ermitage, a Petrograd (1922–1925)". Gazette des Beaux-Arts (in French). Vol. 17, no. 785. pp. 163–182. Retrieved March 29, 2019 – via Gallica.
- Ferré, Jean, ed. (1972). Watteau (in French). Madrid: Éditions Athena. cat. no. A10. OCLC 906101135.
- Goncourt, Edmond de (1875). Catalogue raisonné de l'oeuvre peint, dessiné et gravé d'Antoine Watteau. Paris: Rapilly. cat. no. 31. OCLC 1041772738 – via the Internet Archive.
- Grasselli, Margaret Morgan; Rosenberg, Pierre; Parmantier, Nicole; et al. (1984). Watteau, 1684-1721 (PDF) (exhibition catalogue). Washington: National Gallery of Art. ISBN 0-89468-074-9. OCLC 557740787 – via the National Gallery of Art archive.
- Hédouin, Pierre [in French] (November 30, 1845). "Watteau: catalogue de son oeuvre". L'Artiste (in French). pp. 78–80 – via Gallica. p. 78, cat. no. 6.
{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - Hédouin, Pierre (1856). Mosaïque. Peintres, musiciens, littérateurs, artistes dramatiques à partir du 15e siècle jusqu'à nos jours. Paris: Heugel. pp. 94–95, cat. no. 6. OCLC 1157159285 – via the Internet Archive.
- Josz, Virgile (1903). Watteau. Moeurs du XVIIIe siècle (in French). Paris: Société du Mercure de France. p. 413. OCLC 900757508 – via Google Books.
- Miller, V. F. (1923). "Французская живопись XVII-го и XVIII-го в.в. в новых залах Эрмитажа". Город (in Russian). No. 1. pp. 52–78. OCLC 32361994.
- Nemilova, I. S. (1964). Ватто и его произведения в Эрмитаже (Watteau et son œuvre à l'Ermitage) [Watteau and His Works in the Hermitage] (in Russian). Leningrad: Sovetskiy hudozhnik. OCLC 67871342.
- Nemilova, Inna (June 1975). "Contemporary French Art in Eighteenth-Century Russia". Apollo. 101 (160): 428–442.
- Nemilova, I. S. (1982). Французская живопись XVIII века в Эрмитаже (La peinture française du XVIIIe siècle, Musée de L'Ermitage: catalogue raisonné) [French Painting of the 18th centrty in the Hermitage Museum: Scientific Catalogue]. Leningrad: Iskusstvo. pp. 142–143, cat. no. 52. OCLC 63466759.
- Nemilova, I. S. (1985a). Французская живопись XVIII века [French Painting of the 18th Century]. Государственный Эрмитаж. Собрание живописи (in Russian). Moscow: Izobrazitel'noe iskusstvo. pp. 243–244, ill. 41–42. OCLC 878889718.
- Nemilova, I. S. (1985b). Французская живопись. XVIII век [French Painting: the 18th Century]. Государственный Эрмитаж. Собрание западноевропейской живописи: научный каталог в 16 томах. Vol. 10. Edited by A. S. Kantor-Gukovskaya. Leningrad: Iskusstvo. pp. 457–458, cat. no. 355. OCLC 22896528.
- Opperman, Hal (June 1988). "Watteau 1684-1721 by Margaret Morgan Grasselli, Pierre Rosenberg and Nicole Parmentier". The Art Bulletin. 70 (2): 354–359. JSTOR 3051127.
- Parker, Karl T. (1970) [1931]. The Drawings of Antoine Watteau. New York: Hacker Art Books. p. 45. ISBN 0-87817-050-2. OCLC 680613312 – via the Internet Archive.
- Posner, Donald (1984). Antoine Watteau. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 201, 288. ISBN 0-8014-1571-3. OCLC 10736607 – via the Internet Archive.
- Réau, Louis (1928–1930). "Watteau". In Dimier, Louis (ed.). Les peintres français du XVIII-e siècle: Histoire des vies et catalogue des œuvres (in French). Vol. 1. Paris: G. Van Oest. p. 29, cat. no. 1. OCLC 564527521.
- Roland Michel, Marianne (1980). Antoine Watteau: das Gesamtwerk (in German). Translated from the French by Rudolf Kimmig. Frankfurt: Ullstein. cat. no. 236. ISBN 3-548-36019-X. OCLC 69202887.
- Roland Michel, Marianne (1984). Watteau: un artiste au XVIII-e siècle. Paris: Flammarion. pp. 151, 265, 266. ISBN 0862940494. OCLC 417153549.
- Sterling, Charles (1957). Musée de l'Ermitage: la peinture française de Poussin à nos jours (in French). Paris: Cercle d'Art. p. 42, colorpl. 30. OCLC 411034675.
- Temperini, Renaud (2002). Watteau. Maîtres de l'art (in French). Paris: Gallimard. cat. no. 103. ISBN 9782070116867. OCLC 300225840.
- Weiner, P. P. de [in Russian] (October 1908 – March 1909). "Portraits anciens à Saint-Pétersbourg (Exposition de)". L'Art et les Artistes (in French). 8: 243–256 – via Gallica.
- Zimmermann, E. Heinrich [in German] (1912). Watteau: des Meisters Werke in 182 Abbildungen. Klassiker der Kunst (in German). Vol. 21. Stuttgart, Leipzig: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. pp. 64, 188. OCLC 561124140.
- Zolotov, Y. K., ed. (1973). Антуан Ватто [Antoine Watteau] (album and catalogue) (in Russian). Leningrad: Aurora. OCLC 46947007.
- Zolotov, Yuri (November 1984). "Ватто: художественная традиция и творческая индивидуальность". Iskusstvo (in Russian). pp. 58–66. ISSN 0130-2523.
External links
- Holy Family at the Hermitage Museum official website
- The Holy Family at the Web Gallery of Art
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