Herat Citadel

The Citadel of Herat (Pashto: سکندرۍ کلا ; Dari: ارگ هرات) also known as the Citadel of Alexander, and locally known as Qala Iktyaruddin (Pashto ; Dari: قلعه اختیارالدین), is located in the center of Herat in Afghanistan. It dates back to 330 BC, when Alexander the Great and his army arrived to what is now Afghanistan after the Battle of Gaugamela. Many empires have used it as a headquarters in the last 2,000 years, and was destroyed and rebuilt many times over the centuries.

Citadel of Herat
Herat in Afghanistan
Herat Citadel photo
View of Herat Citadel from atop the premises.
Herat is located in Afghanistan
Herat
Herat
Location in Afghanistan
Coordinates34°20′45″N 62°11′19″E
Site information
OwnerAfghan Ministry of Information and Culture
Open to
the public		Yes
ConditionRestored 2011
Site history
Built330 BC
Materialsstone, baked bricks, fired bricks

From decades of wars and neglect, the citadel began to crumble but in recent years several international organizations decided to completely rebuild it. The National Museum of Herat is also housed inside the citadel, while the Afghan Ministry of Information and Culture is the caretaker of the whole premises.[1][2]

Recent restoration
A pathway inside the citadel in 2011

The citadel of Herat was completely renovated between 2006 and 2011. The latest restoration involved hundreds of Afghan craftsmen and funds from the Aga Khan Trust for Culture and about $2.4 million from the U.S. and German governments.[3]

The museum inside the citadel

About 1,100 items from the Herat region are stored inside the museum at the citadel and many have been on display.[1]

At a ceremony in October 2011, U.S. Ambassador Ryan Crocker stated that: "Until 35 years ago, tourists from around the world came here to experience heritage, history and incomparable national landscapes... We look forward to the day when Afghans and visitors from around the world will once again come here to learn about Afghanistan's rich history and enjoy the great hospitality and beauty that this land and its people have to offer." Also present on the occasion was Afghan-expert Nancy Dupree and this is what she had to say: "I've been here many times, but it was crumbling... This is impressive.... I think the most exciting thing is to see something finally accomplished. I have seen so many half-finished things."[1]

  • An inside view of the Qala Ikhtyaruddin (citadel) in Herat.
    An inside view of the Qala Ikhtyaruddin (citadel) in Herat.
  • Inside view
    Inside view

References
  1. Restored citadel is symbol of hope in Afghanistan Archived 2016-03-16 at the Wayback Machine. Deb Riechmann. October 17, 2011.
  2. "City of Herat - UNESCO World Heritage Centre". Whc.unesco.org. 2004-08-17. Archived from the original on 2020-06-23. Retrieved 2011-07-25.
  3. "Restored Citadel of Herat poignant reminder of past Afghan glory". Los Angeles Times. 2011-11-17. Archived from the original on 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
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