Henderskelfe

Henderskelfe is a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. The parish does not contain any villages, though it is named after a previous settlement and castle which occupied the land on which Castle Howard is now built. Historically the area was a township in the ecclesiastical parish of Bulmer, however it has been its own civil parish since 1866.

Henderskelfe
Civil parish
Centenary Way footpath in Henderskelfe parish
Henderskelfe is located in North Yorkshire
Henderskelfe
Henderskelfe
Location within North Yorkshire
Population50 (2015) NYCC[1]
OS grid referenceSE719700
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townYORK
Postcode districtYO60
PoliceNorth Yorkshire
FireNorth Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament

History

Originally, the area had been called Hinderskelfe, and the manor lands of Hinderskelfe stretched between Stamford Bridge, what is now Castle Howard and Lastingham.[2] Mentioned in the Domesday Book, the area was home to a village and a church, both now lost, with Castle Howard being built on top of the village, and Henderskelfe/Hinderskelfe Castle.[3] As the church had been destroyed, no clergy were assigned to the area, and it became known as an extra-parochial area.[4] The site of the rectory and the church now lie underneath the South Lake, and the garden respectively on the Castle Howard estate. In 1846, a private bill was passed in the House of Commons and the House of Lords, which effectively swapped the two parcels of land in Henderskelfe, with land in Sheriff Hutton; the Archbishop of York owned the parcel of land beneath the lake, and no longer needed it.[5] The township of Henderskelfe remained in the ecclesiastical parish of Bulmer for marriages births and baptisms after it had been created as a civil parish.[6]

Henderskelfe Castle was built during the reign of Edward III to a quadrangular design, though it was listed as being in ruins by 1359.[7]

Foundations of a 16th century house, Henderskelfe

Leland states in Collectanea, that in 1070, a Scottish raiding party under King Malcolm, "...came to a place called Hinderskelfe and slew some English nobility."[8] At the time of the Domesday survey, the land belonged to Berengar of Tosny, who died without issue and so it passed to his sister, Adeliza, who married Roger Bigod. Henderskelfe passed to the monarchy in 1306, when Bigod died, and all his honours were transferred to the crown.[9] The manor was owned by the Greystoke family in the 16th and 17th centuries.[10] Henderskelfe Castle and village were rebuilt in 1683, but destroyed by fire in 1693. The building of Castle Howard started c. 1699, and some of the external walls by the gate were built from stone sourced from the ruined castle.[11][12] Henderskelfe Castle and village were both located immediately west of Ray Wood, which still exists today. A map of 1694, drawn a year after fire destroyed the castle, shows the layout of the village and castle.[13]

The name of Henderskelfe has been suggested by Smith to be an Old Norse combination of Hildar and skjálf; a female personal name and either shelf or seat.[14] However, Morris suggests the name stems from Hundred-Hill, as the site was the meeting place of the wapentakes of Ryedale and Bulmer.[15] The remains of the village of Hinderskelfe/Henderskelfe were demolished when the current Castle Howard buildings were erected in 1699. A map of 1690 shows 24 houses present, though no document records what happened to the villagers. Beresford suggested that the villagers were given houses in either Coneysthorpe or Welburn.[16] The area was classified as a township until 1866, when it was redesignated as a civil parish.[17] Previous to this, the township of Henderskelfe was in the parish of Bulmer, and consisted of 1,500 acres (610 ha), most of which was given over to the Castle Howard estate.[18] By 1872, the parish area was defined as being 1,620 acres (660 ha),[17] which had grown to 1,705 acres (690 ha) by 1890.[19]

In 1987, the whole of the parish became part of the newly created Howardian Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.[20] The Centenary Way long-distance footpath crosses the eastern side of the parish.[21][22]

Governance

Henderskelfe was historically in the wapentake of Bulmer, and part of the Malton Rural District in the North Riding of Yorkshire. It is now in the shire district of Ryedale in North Yorkshire.[23] The parish forms part of the Thirsk and Malton Constituency for national government purposes.[24]

In the 2001 census, the parish details were listed as being "below the Office for National Statistics threshold data" (the population was less than 100), so the details were contained within the adjacent parish of Coneysthorpe.[25]

Population of Henderskelfe 1801–2015
1801 1811 1821 1831 1841 1851 1861 1871 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1951 1961 1971 2001 2011 2015
137[26] 137[26] 159[26] 150[26] 157[26] 148[26] 157[26] 162[26] 132[26] 108[26] 99[26] 100[17] 72[17] 89[17] 85[17] 94[17] 65[27] N/A[note 1] 60[note 2] 50[note 3]

Notable residents

Notes
  1. The population of Henderskelfe was included with that of the neighbouring parish of Coneysthorpe
  2. Estimated population.[1]
  3. Estimated population.[1]

References
  1. "2015 Population Estimates Parishes" (PDF). northyorks.gov.uk. December 2016. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 June 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  2. "A majestic gem rises from the ruins". Gazette & Herald. 6 May 2009. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  3. "Henderskelfe | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  4. "Genuki: Extraparochial, Yorkshire (North Riding)". www.genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  5. Beresford 1952, pp. 284–285.
  6. Wilson, Ellen (1995). The parish register of Bulmer, 1571-1837. Leeds: Privately printed for the Parish Register Section. p. xi. ISBN 0902122703.
  7. "Henderskelfe Castle". www.heritagegateway.org.uk. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  8. Whellan, T. (1859). History and Topography of the City of York, and the North Riding of Yorkshire: embracing a general review of the early history of Great Britain, and a general history and description of the County of York, Volume 2. Beverley: John Green. p. 581. OCLC 74378767.
  9. Scurfield, C (2011). "A Proposed Caravan Club Site At Park Farm, The Castle Howard Estate, North Yorkshire: An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment". CS Archaeology Series: 15. doi:10.5284/1017260.
  10. Dockray, Keith (23 September 2004). "Greystoke family". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/54524. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  11. Pevsner, Nikolaus, Sir (2002). Yorkshire, the North Riding. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 107. ISBN 0300096658.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. Levine 2009, p. 337.
  13. Levine 2009, p. 331.
  14. Smith, A. H. (1979) [1928]. The Place Names of the North Riding of Yorkshire. English Place Name Society. p. 40. OCLC 19714705.
  15. Morris, Frances Orpen (1881). The county seats of the noblemen and gentlemen of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Longman Green & Co. p. 11.
  16. Beresford 1952, p. 286.
  17. "Henderskelf CP/Tn". visionofbritain.org.uk. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  18. Page 1968, p. 107.
  19. Bulmer 1890, p. 656.
  20. The Howardian hills, proposed area of outstanding natural beauty: Statement of intent by the local planning authorities. North Yorkshire: Ryedale District Council. 1984. p. 15. OCLC 59345684.
  21. Rushby, Kevin (1 March 2013). "Unsung Britain: Walking North Yorkshire's Howardian Hills". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  22. Somerville, Christopher (5 January 2019). "A good walk: Howardian Hills, North Yorkshire". The Times. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  23. North Yorkshire gazetteer of townships and parishes. Northallerton: North Yorkshire County Council. 1991 [1986]. p. 16. ISBN 0-906035-29-5.
  24. "Election Maps - Henderskelfe". www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Retrieved 28 September 2022.
  25. "2011 Census Profiles for Ryedale Civil Parishes" (PDF). datanorthyorkshire.org. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  26. Page, William, ed. (1907). The Victoria history of the county of York. vol 3. London: Constable & Co. p. 507. OCLC 500092527.
  27. Census 1971, England and Wales, county report / Yorkshire, North Riding. Part 1. London: H.M.S.O. 1974 [1973]. p. 8. ISBN 0-11-690379-1.
  28. Ellis, Steven G. (23 September 2004). "Dacre, William, third Baron Dacre of Gilsland and seventh Baron Greystoke". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/46514. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  29. Bulmer 1890, p. 657.

Sources
  • Beresford, M. W. (1952). "The Lost Villages of Yorkshire IV". Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. Leeds: Yorkshire Archaeological Society. 38: 284–285. ISSN 0084-4276.
  • Levine, Neil (2009). "1: Castle Howard and the Subject Matter of History". Modern architecture : representation & reality. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300145670.
  • Page, William, ed. (1968). The Victoria history of the county of York, North Riding. London: Dawsons of Pall Mall for the University of London Institute of Historical Research. ISBN 0712903100.
  • Bulmer, T., ed. (1890). History, topography, and directory of North Yorkshire : comprising its ancient and modern history. Preston: Bulmer & Co. OCLC 650384999.
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