HMCS Smiths Falls

HMCS Smiths Falls was a modified Flower-class corvette that served in the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. She fought primarily in the Battle of the Atlantic as a convoy escort. She was named for Smiths Falls, Ontario. She was the last Flower-class corvette to enter service with the RCN.[2]

HMCS Smiths Falls
History
Canada
NameHMCS Smiths Falls
NamesakeSmiths Falls, Ontario
OrderedJune 1942
BuilderKingston Shipbuilding Co. Kingston
Laid down21 January 1944
Launched19 August 1944
Commissioned28 November 1944
Decommissioned8 July 1945
IdentificationPennant number: K345
Honours and
awards		Atlantic 1945[1]
FateSold for mercantile use
General characteristics
Class and typeModified Flower-class corvette
Displacement1,015 long tons (1,031 t; 1,137 short tons)
Length208 ft (63.4 m)o/a
Beam33 ft (10.1 m)
Draught11 ft (3.35 m)
Propulsion
  • single shaft
  • 2 × water tube boilers
  • 1 × 4-cylinder triple-expansion reciprocating steam engine
  • 2,750 ihp (2,050 kW)
Speed16 knots (29.6 km/h)
Range3,500 nautical miles (6,482 km) at 12 knots (22.2 km/h)
Complement90
Sensors and
processing systems
  • 1 × Type 271 SW2C radar
  • 1 × Type 144 sonar
Armament

Background
Main article: Flower-class corvette

Flower-class corvettes like Smiths Falls serving with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were different from earlier and more traditional sail-driven corvettes.[3][4][5] The "corvette" designation was created by the French as a class of small warships; the Royal Navy borrowed the term for a period but discontinued its use in 1877.[6] During the hurried preparations for war in the late 1930s, Winston Churchill reactivated the corvette class, needing a name for smaller ships used in an escort capacity, in this case based on a whaling ship design.[7] The generic name "flower" was used to designate the class of these ships, which – in the Royal Navy – were named after flowering plants.[8]

Corvettes commissioned by the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War were named after communities for the most part, to better represent the people who took part in building them. This idea was put forth by Admiral Percy W. Nelles. Sponsors were commonly associated with the community for which the ship was named. Royal Navy corvettes were designed as open sea escorts, while Canadian corvettes were developed for coastal auxiliary roles which was exemplified by their minesweeping gear. Eventually the Canadian corvettes would be modified to allow them to perform better on the open seas.[9]

Construction

Smiths Falls was ordered in June 1942 as part of the 1943–44 Increased Endurance Flower-class building program, which followed the main layout of the 1942–43 program. The only significant difference is that the majority of the 43–44 program replaced the 2-pounder Mk.VIII single "pom-pom" anti-aircraft gun with 2 twin 20-mm and 2 single 20-mm anti-aircraft guns.[9] Smiths Falls was laid down by Kingston Shipbuilding Co. at Kingston, Ontario 21 January 1944 and launched 19 August 1944.[10][11] She was commissioned into the RCN 28 November 1944 at Kingston.[2]

Service history

After arriving in late December 1944 at Halifax for deployment, Smiths Falls took until February 1945 to fit out. After working up in Bermuda, she joined the Mid-Ocean Escort Force. She was allocated to escort group C-2 as a trans-Atlantic convoy escort and remained with the group until the end of the war. She made three Atlantic crossings during this time. She returned to Canada in June 1945.[2]

Smiths Falls was paid off 8 July 1945 at Sorel, Quebec and placed in reserve. She was transferred to the War Assets Corporation and sold for conversion to a whale-catcher. She reappeared as the 702 GRT[12] Olympic Lightning under a Honduran flag in 1950. In 1956 she was sold and renamed Otori Maru No.16.[2] In 1961 she was renamed Kyo Maru No.23 and was last listed on Lloyd's Register in 1977–78.[10][11] The ship was broken up in Japan in 1976.[12]

Notes
  1. "Battle Honours". Britain's Navy. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
  2. Macpherson, Ken; Burgess, John (1981). The ships of Canada's naval forces 1910–1981 : a complete pictorial history of Canadian warships. Toronto: Collins. p. 101. ISBN 0-00216-856-1.
  3. Ossian, Robert. "Complete List of Sailing Vessels". The Pirate King. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
  4. Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. (1978). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons & Warfare. Vol. 11. London: Phoebus. pp. 1137–1142.
  5. Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II. New Jersey: Random House. 1996. p. 68. ISBN 0-517-67963-9.
  6. Blake, Nicholas; Lawrence, Richard (2005). The Illustrated Companion to Nelson's Navy. Stackpole Books. pp. 39–63. ISBN 0-8117-3275-4.
  7. Chesneau, Roger; Gardiner, Robert (June 1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-1946. Naval Institute Press. p. 62. ISBN 0-87021-913-8.
  8. Milner, Marc (1985). North Atlantic Run. Naval Institute Press. pp. 117–119, 142–145, 158, 175–176, 226, 235, 285–291. ISBN 0-87021-450-0.
  9. Macpherson, Ken; Milner, Marc (1993). Corvettes of the Royal Canadian Navy 1939–1945. St. Catharines: Vanwell Publishing. ISBN 1-55125-052-7.
  10. "HMCS Smith Falls (K 345)". Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
  11. Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
  12. "Smiths Falls (5199155)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
  • Hazegray. "Revised Flower Class". Canadian Navy of Yesterday and Today. Retrieved 29 September 2013.
  • Ready, Aye, Ready. "HMCS Smith Falls". Retrieved 29 September 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.