Lieutenant Governor of Jersey

The lieutenant governor of Jersey (French: Lieutenant-Gouverneur de Jersey, Jèrriais: Gouvèrneux d'Jèrri) is the representative of the British monarch in the Bailiwick of Jersey, a Crown dependency of the British Crown.

This article is about the representative of the British monarch in the Bailiwick of Jersey. For the deputy governor of the US state of New Jersey, see Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey.

Lieutenant Governor of Jersey
Coat of arms of Jersey
Flag of the lieutenant governor of Jersey
Incumbent
Vice-Admiral Jerry Kyd
since 8 October 2022
StyleHis Excellency
ResidenceGovernment House
AppointerMonarchy of the United Kingdom
Term lengthFive years[1]
Formation1502
First holderSir Hugh Vaughan
(as Governor of Jersey)
Websitewww.governmenthouse.gov.je

The lieutenant governor has his own flag in Jersey, the Union Flag defaced with the Bailiwick's coat of arms. The lieutenant governor's official residence (Government House) in St. Saviour was depicted on the Jersey £50 note 1989–2010.

Duties
Liberation Day 2010: The lieutenant governor, having arrived in the Royal Square in his official car, greets the Bailiff of Jersey.

The duties are primarily diplomatic and ceremonial. The role of the lieutenant governor is to act as the de facto head of state in Jersey. The lieutenant governor also liaises between the Governments of Jersey and the United Kingdom. The holder of this office is also ex officio a member of the States of Jersey but may not vote and, by convention, speaks in the Chamber only on appointment and on departure from post.

The lieutenant governor exercises certain executive functions relating broadly to citizenship (passports, deportation and nationality). Jersey passports are British passports issued on behalf of the lieutenant governor, in the exercise of the royal prerogative, through the Passport Office which the States fund and from which the States retain any revenue generated. Deportation from Jersey is ordered by the lieutenant governor. Certificates of naturalization as a British citizen are issued by the lieutenant governor.[2]

History
Frock coat worn with a cocked hat by the lieutenant governor of Jersey.
In this caricature of 1873, Bailiff of Jersey Jean Hammond greets newly arrived Lieutenant Governor Norcott

The office of Lieutenant Governor has its origins in the Norman administration of the Channel Islands. The functions of the bailiff and the official who was later to become known as Lieutenant Governor (called variously, Warden or Captain) became separate in the aftermath of the division of Normandy in 1204. However, the respective responsibilities of the two officials were only clearly defined in the 17th century as a result of a power struggle between bailiff and governor. An Order in Council dated 18 February 1617 laid down that "the charge of military forces be wholly in the Governor, and the care of justice and civil affairs in the Bailiff"[3]

When the monarchy was restored, King Charles II who had escaped to Jersey on his way to exile in France rewarded Jersey with the power to levy customs duties. This power, exercised by the Assembly of Governor, Bailiff and Jurats, was finally taken over by the States of Jersey in 1921, thereby enabling the States to control the budget independently of the lieutenant governor.

The post of Governor of Jersey became a titular sinecure, and a Lieutenant Governor was appointed to actually carry out the functions of the office. William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, was the last titular Governor of Jersey; since his death in 1856 the Crown has been formally and constitutionally represented in Jersey by the lieutenant governor.

The States of Jersey Law 2005 abolished any power of the lieutenant governor to veto a resolution of the States.[4]

In 2010, it was announced that the next Lieutenant Governor would be recommended to the Crown by a Jersey panel, thus replacing the previous system of the appointment being made by the Crown on the recommendation of UK ministers.[5][6]

List of governors of Jersey

Governors have been:[7]

DateGovernor
1204–1206Peter de Preaux[8]: 25 
1470–1483Richard Harliston (Captain in Chief of Jersey)
1486–1494Matthew Baker
1494–1500Thomas Overay
1500–1502Jean Lempriere
1502–1531Sir Hugh Vaughan (first to be known as Governor)
1532–1534Sir Anthony Ughtred
1534–1536Sir Arthur Darcy
1536–1537Sir Thomas Vaux, Lord Vaux
1537–1550Sir Edward Seymour
1550–1574Sir Hugh Paulet
1547–1590Sir Amyas Paulet
1590–1600Sir Anthony Paulet
1600–1603Sir Walter Raleigh
1603–1630Sir John Peyton
1631–1643Sir Thomas Jermyn
1644–1651Sir Henry Jermyn, 1st Earl of St Albans
1651–1654Colonel James Heane
1655–1659Colonel Robert Gibbon
1659–1660Colonel John Mason
1660Colonel Carew Raleigh
1660–1665Sir Henry Jermyn, 1st Earl of St Albans
1665–1679Sir Thomas Morgan, 1st Baronet
1679–1684Sir John Lanier[9]
1684–1703Thomas Jermyn
1704–1722General Henry Lumley
1723–1749Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham
1749–1761Lieutenant General John Huske
1761–1772George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle
1772–1795Field Marshal Henry Seymour Conway[10]
1795–1796Field Marshal Sir George Howard[11]
1796–1807George Townshend, 1st Marquess Townshend
1807–1820John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham
1820–1854William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford (Last Governor)

List of lieutenant governors of Jersey

Lieutenant Governors of Jersey have been:[7]

TitleAppointedName
 1634Sir Philippe de Carteret (Royalist)
 26 August 1643Major Lydcott (Parliament)
 24 November 1643Sir George Carteret (Royalist)
at least by 1689 Edward Harris[12]: 164 
 3 March 1695[13]Col. Thomas Collier[14]
 29 July 1715Robert Wilson[15]
 1723Magnus Kempenfelt [16]
 23 October 1727Col. George Howard[17]
 1732Peter Bettesworth[16]
 1738Maj-Gen. Jean Cavalier
 1741Francis Best[16]
 1747Gregory Beake[16]
 12 August 1749William Deane[18]
 26 June 1753George Colingwood[19]
Lieutenant Governor and Colonel on Staff:7 July 1770Lt-Col. Rudolph Bentinck (acting)
 4 April 1771Major Moses Corbet
 6 January 1781Major Francis Peirson (acting) (killed in action, 6 January 1781)
 5 October 1797Lt-Gen. Andrew Gordon
 21 June 1806Gen. Sir George Don, GCB, GCH[20]
 8 October 1814Gen. Sir Tomkyns Hilgrove Turner, GCH
 9 May 1816Lt-Gen. Hugh Mackay Gordon
 23 July 1821Gen. Sir Colin Halkett, GCB, GCH, GCTE
 26 November 1830Lt-Gen. Sir William Thornton, KCB
 22 April 1835Maj-Gen. Archibald Campbell, CB
 14 September 1838Lt-Gen. Sir Edward Gibbs, KCB
 16 January 1847Maj-Gen. Sir James Henry Reynett, KCB, KCH
 30 April 1852Gen. Sir James Frederick Love, GCB, KH
 30 January 1857Maj-Gen. Godfrey Charles Mundy
 18 September 1860Maj-Gen. Sir Robert Percy Douglas
 5 October 1862B. Loch (acting)
 23 October 1863Lt-Gen. Sir Burke Douglas Cuppage, KCB
 1 October 1868Maj-Gen. Philip Melmoth Nelson Guy, CB
 1 October 1873Lt-Gen. Sir William Sherbrooke Ramsay Norcott, KCB
 1 October 1878Lt-Gen. Lothian Nicholson, CB
 1 October 1883Maj-Gen. Henry Wray, CMG
 1 November 1887Lt-Gen. Charles Brisbane Ewart, CB
Lieutenant Governor and Commanding the Troops:1 November 1892Lt-Gen. Sir Edwin Markham, KCB
 10 May 1895Lt-Gen. Sir Edward Hopton, KCB
 1 November 1900Maj-Gen. Henry Richard Abadie, CB
 1904Maj-Gen. Hugh Sutlej Gough, CB, CMG
 16 June 1910Maj-Gen. Sir Alexander Nelson Rochfort, KCB, CMG
 7 October 1916Maj-Gen. Sir Alexander Wilson, KCB
 29 October 1920Maj-Gen. Sir William Douglas Smith, KCB, KCVO
 1924Maj-Gen. Sir Francis Richard Bingham, KCB, KCMG, JP
 28 May 1929Maj-Gen. Edward Henry Willis, CB, CMG
 28 May 1934Maj-Gen. Sir Horace de Courcy Martelli, KBE, CB, DSO
 1939Maj-Gen. James Murray Robert Harrison, CB DSO
(German Occupation 1940–1945)  
Head of the British Military Government:12 May 1945L.A. Freeman
Lieutenant Governor and Commander-in-Chief:25 August 1945Lt-Gen. Sir Arthur Edward Grasett, KBE, CB, DSO, MC
 16 October 1953Adm. Sir Randolph Stewart Gresham Nicholson, KBE, CB, DSO, DSC
 15 November 1958Gen. Sir George Erskine, GCB, KBE, DSO
 15 January 1964Vice-Adm. Sir John Michael Villiers, KCB, OBE
 30 June 1969Air Chf Mshl Sir John Gilbert Davis, GCB, OBE, MA
 2 September 1974Gen. Sir Geoffrey Richard Desmond Fitzpatrick, GCB, DSO, MBE, MC
 26 November 1979Gen. Sir Peter John Frederick Whiteley, GCB, OBE
 9 January 1985Adm. Sir William Thomas Pillar, GBE, KCB
 1990Air Mshl Sir John Matthias Dobson Sutton, KCB
 September 1995Gen. Sir Michael John Wilkes, KCB, OBE
 24 January 2001Air Chf Mshl Sir John Cheshire, KBE, CB
 1 April 2006Lt-Gen Sir Andrew Ridgway, KBE, CB
 26 September 2011Gen. Sir John McColl, KCB, CBE, DSO
 13 March 2017Air Chf Mshl Sir Stephen Dalton, GCB
 8 October 2022Vce Adm Jerry Kyd, CBE

See also

References
  1. "Government House". Archived from the original on 27 September 2011.
  2. "STATES OF JERSEY SECOND INTERIM REPORT OF THE CONSTITUTION REVIEW GROUP" (PDF). statesassembly.gov.je.
  3. Bailhache, Philip (October 1999). "The Cry For Constitutional Reform- A Perspective From The Office Of Bailiff". Jersey Law Review. Retrieved 30 March 2022 – via Jersey Legal Information Board.
  4. "States of Jersey Law 2005". Jersey Legal Information Board. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  5. The tax from reward for being a Royal Representative Archived 16 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  6. Guernsey will chose its next Governor Archived 13 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  7. "World Leaders Index".
  8. Syvret, Marguerite (2011). Balleine's History of Jersey. The History Press. ISBN 978-1860776502.
  9. Wauchope, Piers (23 September 2004). "Lanier, Sir John (d. 1692), army officer". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/16050. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  10. "Conway, Henry Seymour (1719–1795), army officer and politician – Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6122. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  11. "Howard, Sir George (bap. 1718, d. 1796), army officer and politician - Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13900. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  12. Syvret, Marguerite (2011). Balleine's History of Jersey. The History Press. ISBN 978-1860776502.
  13. cahoon, ben. "Jersey". www.worldstatesmen.org.
  14. Bertrand, J (1859) Armorial of Jersey : being an account, heraldic and antiquarian, of its chief native families, with pedigrees, biographical notices, and illustrative data; to which are added, a brief history of heraldry, and remarks on the mediæval antiquities of the island. Boston Public Library. p. 19
  15. "No. 5350". The London Gazette. 26 July 1715. p. 5.
  16. "Jersey". World Statesmen.
  17. "No. 6617". The London Gazette. 21 October 1727. p. 1.a.
  18. "No. 8874". The London Gazette. 8 August 1749. p. 1.
  19. "No. 9279". The London Gazette. 23 June 1753. p. 2.
  20. "No. 15912". The London Gazette. 22 April 1806. p. 512.
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