GAZ-51

The GAZ-51 (nickname Gazon) was a Soviet truck manufactured by GAZ. Its first prototypes were produced before the end of World War II and has been influenced by Studebaker US6. The mass production started in 1946.[2]

GAZ-51
Overview
ManufacturerGAZ
Also calledLublin-51 (Poland)
Sungri-58 (North Korea)
Yuejin NJ-130 (China)
Production1946-1975[1]
LayoutFR layout
Powertrain
Engine3.5L GAZ-51 I6
Transmission4-speed manual
Chronology
PredecessorGAZ-MM
SuccessorGAZ-53

A 2.5 ton 4×2 standard variant[1] was joined in 1947 by almost identical 2 ton 4×4 GAZ-63. Both variants were powered by 70 PS (51 kW) 6-cylinder 3485 cc engine. GAZ-63s was manufactured with some changes until 1968 and production of GAZ-51 continued until 2 April 1975. The trucks were also manufactured under the Soviet license in Poland (as the Lublin-51), North Korea (as the Sungri-58) and China (as the Yuejin NJ-130).[3][4]

Variants
  • GAZ-11-51: Precursor of GAZ-51.

Original version
  • GAZ-51: Standard production version.[1] Produced 1946–1955.
  • GAZ-51B: Dual-fuel (LNG and gasoline) version. Produced 1950-1956.
  • GAZ-51D: Shortened version (for dump body). Produced from 1958.
    • GAZ-51DU: Export version.
    • GAZ-51DYu: Export version for tropical climates.
  • GAZ-51I: Cowl-chassis version (for buses). Produced 1950–1973.
    • GAZ-51IU: Export version.
    • GAZ-51IYu: Export version for tropical climates.
  • GAZ-51K: Ambulance chassis (for GAZ-653 and later PAZ-653). Produced 1951-1957.
  • GAZ-51KYu: Export version for tropical climates.
  • GAZ-51M: Cab-chassis version (for fire trucks). Produced 1948-1967.
  • GAZ-51N: Troop/cargo carrier version, with an extra fuel tank and GAZ-63 body. Produced 1948–1975.
    • GAZ-51NU: Export version.
  • GAZ-51Zh: LPG-powered version. Produced 1954–1963.
    • GAZ-51ZhU: Export version.

Modernized version
  • GAZ-51A: Modernized GAZ-51. Produced 1956–1975.
    • GAZ-51AS: Farm truck version. Produced 1956-1975.
    • GAZ-51AU: Export version. Produced 1956–1975.
  • GAZ-51C: Farm truck version. Produced 1956–1975.
  • GAZ-51P: Tractor-trailer version. Produced 1956–1975.
    • GAZ-51PU: Export version.
    • GAZ-51PYu: Export version for tropical climates.
  • GAZ-51R: Passenger and freight taxi version. Produced 1956–1975.
    • GAZ-51RU: Export version.
  • GAZ-51S: GAZ-51A with an additional fuel tank. Produced 1956-1975.
    • GAZ-51SE: Version with shielded electrical equipment.
  • GAZ-51ShM: Lengthened version (for van bodies). Produced 1956-1965.
  • GAZ-51T: Cargo taxi version. Produced 1956–1975.
  • GAZ-51V: Export version.
  • GAZ-51Yu: Export version for tropical climates. Produced 1956-1975.

GAZ-63 variants
  • GAZ-63: 4×4 version. Produced 1948–1968.
    • GAZ-63A: Version with front-mounted winch.
      • GAZ-63AU: Export version.
    • GAZ-63D: Tractor-trailer version (for dump trailers). Unlike the GAZ-63, the GAZ-63D had dual rear wheels.
    • GAZ-63E: Bus chassis (for PAZ-659 and PAZ-663)
      • GAZ-63EU: Export version.
    • GAZ-63P: Tractor-trailer version (for semi trailers). Like the GAZ-63D, it featured dual rear wheels but lacked the PTO of the GAZ-63D.
      • GAZ-63PU: Export version.
    • GAZ-63Ye: Version with shielded electrical equipment.
      • GAZ-63AYe: As GAZ-63Ye but with front-mounted winch.
      • GAZ-63YeU: Export version of GAZ-63Ye.
    • GAZ-63U: Export version.
    • GAZ-63V: Prototype modernized version of GAZ-63. It featured larger wheels, a lowered loading platform, a parking brake, shielded electrical equipment, rear turn signals and a coolant overheat warning indicator.
      • GAZ-63AV: As GAZ-63V except with a front-mounted winch, a canvas topped cab, all metal body with stretcher mounts, a canvas loading compartment cover, a new instrument panel and unshielded electrical equipment.
    • GAZ-63Yu: Export version for tropical climates.
    • GAZ-66: Prototype improved version of GAZ-63. It featured wheels and axles from the BRDM-1 and a new, more modern cab (designed by B.B. Lebedev); this cab was also intended for the GAZ-52.
    • GAZ-66A: Prototype replacement for the GAZ-63. The chassis, engine, cab and suspension were from the GAZ-52F, the loading platform, transfer case and winch from the GAZ-63, axles from the GAZ-63V and wheels from the BAV 485.
    • GAZ-66P: Prototype tractor-trailer, based on the GAZ-66A and intended as a replacement for the GAZ-63P.

Other variants
  • GAZ-51AZh: Prototype dual-fuel (LPG and gasoline) version. Produced in 1963.
  • GAZ-51PZh: Prototype LPG-fueled tractor-trailer version. Produced in 1956.
  • GAZ-51F: GAZ-51 with experimental stratified charge engine. Cancelled due to complexity and numerous malfunctions.
  • GAZ-51Shch: Prototype version with an alkaline iron-nickel battery. Produced in 1958.
  • AP-41/GAZ-41: Prototype halftrack based on the GAZ-51. Produced 1949-1953.
  • GAZ-93: Dump truck version (built by OdAZ). Produced 1951–1958.
    • GAZ-93D: Crop truck version. Produced 1954-1956.
  • GAZ-93A: Modernized GAZ-93 (built by SAZ). Produced 1958–1976.
  • GAZ-93B: Version with a larger all-metal dump body, replacement for GAZ-91D. Produced 1956-1958 at OdAZ, then transferred to SAZ in 1959.

Operators

Literature
  • Andy Thompson, Trucks of the Soviet Union: The Definitive History, Behemoth Publishing LTD, 2017. ISBN 978-0992876951

References
  1. инженер Л. Шугуров. Грузовики // журнал "Наука и жизнь", № 12, 1979. стр.30-32
  2. "Свой парень: ретротест грузовика ГАЗ-51". Za Rulem. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
  3. MADE IN NORTH KOREA, China Motor Vehicle Documentation Centre. "SUNGRI 58". Chinesecars. Chinesecars. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
  4. de Feijter, Tycho (2012-02-05). "History: the Nanjing Yuejin NJ130 truck". Car News China. Archived from the original on 2022-06-30.
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