Fourth File Rook

In shogi, Fourth File Rook (四間飛車 shikenbisha) is a class of Ranging Rook openings in which the rook is initially positioned on the fourth file if played by White or the sixth file if played by Black.

History

The earliest recorded shogi game was a Static Rook vs. Fourth File Rook game from 1607. Black was Sōkei Ōhashi I who played a Right Fourth File Rook position (Static Rook) against Sansa Hon'inbō's Fourth File Rook. Ōhashi won the game.

Fourth File Rook vs Static Rook

Normal Fourth File Rook
First 4 moves
☖ pieces in hand: –
987654321 
香桂銀金王金銀桂香1
 飛     角 2
歩歩歩歩歩  歩歩3
     歩歩  4
         5
  歩    歩 6
歩歩 歩歩歩歩 歩7
 角     飛 8
香桂銀金玉金銀桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: –

The opening starts by the usual 4-move sequence that characterizes Static Rook vs Ranging Rook games as shown in the first adjacent board position. (See: Normal Ranging Rook.)

Fujii System
Main article: Fujii System

The Fujii System is a set of Fourth File Rook strategies used against various Static Rook strategies (mainly Left Mino and Bear-in-the-hole Static Rook).

vs Rapid Attack
Left Silver-57 Rapid Attack
☖ pieces in hand: –
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         1
         2
         3
         4
       歩 5
歩 歩 歩 歩  6
 歩 歩銀歩  歩7
 角玉金金銀 飛 8
香桂     桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: –
Main article: Left Silver-57 Rapid Attack

Tateishi Fourth File Rook
Main article: Tateishi Fourth File Rook

A Fourth File Rook opening created by amateur player Katsuki Tateishi, which awarded him the prestigious Kōzō Masuda Award in 2004.

Bear-in-the-hole Fourth File Rook
Bear-in-the-hole Fourth File Rook
☖ pieces in hand: –
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         1
         2
         3
   歩     4
         5
         6
歩歩歩 歩歩歩歩歩7
 角銀飛  金銀香8
香桂    金桂玉9
☗ pieces in hand: –

King's Head Silver
King's Head Silver
☖ pieces in hand: -
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香桂   金 桂香1
 飛 銀金 王角 2
   歩銀歩 歩 3
歩 歩 歩 歩 歩4
 歩   銀   5
歩 歩歩    歩6
 歩角 歩歩歩歩 7
   飛  銀玉 8
香桂 金 金 桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: –

King's Head Silver (玉頭銀) is a Fourth File Rook opening characterized by the left silver moving to 56, 45, and then to 34. There are versions for both quick fights and slow games.

vs King's Head Vanguard Pawn
King's Head Vanguard Pawn
☖ pieces in hand: –
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         1
         2
         3
         4
  歩    歩 5
  銀歩歩    6
歩歩 金銀歩歩 歩7
 角玉金   飛 8
香桂     桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: –
Main article: King's Head Vanguard Pawn

Fourth File Rook against Black's King's Head Vanguard Pawn (玉頭位取り gyokutou kuraidori).

vs Iijima Bishop Pullback
Iijima Bishop Pullback
☖ pieces in hand: –
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         1
         2
         3
         4
       歩 5
歩   歩    6
 歩歩歩角歩歩 歩7
 玉銀 金銀 飛 8
香桂 金   桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: –
Main article: Iijima Bishop Pullback

Bishop-Exchange Fourth File Rook
Main article: Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook

The Bishop-Exchange Fourth File is a Fourth File Rook opening in which the player's bishop diagonal remains open allowing for a bishop exchange to occur early in the opening.

Leghorn Special
The Leghorn Special
☖ pieces in hand: 角
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香桂銀金 金銀桂香1
   王 飛  2
歩歩歩歩歩歩歩歩3
     歩  4
        5
  歩   歩 6
歩歩歩歩歩歩 歩7
 馬 玉  銀飛 8
香桂銀金 金 桂香9
☗ pieces in hand: –

The Leghorn Special (白色レグホン・スペシャル hakushoku reguhon supesharu or, most commonly, the abbreviation レグスペ regusupe) is an opening in which you build up a Bear-in-the-hole castle while you're simultaneously defending against an opponent's Bear-in-the-hole. It is a Bear-in-the-hole Bishop Exchange Fourth File Rook variation and is also famous as an opening to discourage Black from building of a Bear-in-the-hole. The name is said to have originated in the resemblance of this opening to the behavior of a white leghorn chicken that keeps attacking when surrounded by Bear-in-the-hole.

The leghorn special consists mainly in castling the king in Bear-in-the-hole once the bishops have been exchanged in Fourth File Rook. It requires that the opponent is playing Static Rook, and that you're playing White. Following Black's K-68, White would go for the bishop exchange (Bx88), which leads to Black's Sx88, hence reducing the escape routes of Black's king and interfering with Black's castle formation. So, the Leghorn Special prevents (or at least slows down) Black's Bear-in-the-hole, while White can devote to building its own Bear-in-the-hole without problem.

Fourth File Rook in Double Ranging Rook

Fourth File Rook positions are not often used in Double Ranging Rook games in professional play. When they are used, the positions often transition to Opposing Rook positions.

See also

Notes

    References

      Bibliography
      • Aono, Teruichi (1983). Guide to shogi openings: Unlock the secrets of joseki 将棋定跡のカギ: 和英 定跡問題集. Translated by Fairbairn, John. 山海堂. ISBN 4-381-00598-8.
      • Fairbairn, John (1979). "The fourth file rook part 1". Shogi (22): 10–13.
      • Fairbairn, John (1980). "The fourth file rook part 2". Shogi (23): 9–11.
      • Hosking, Tony (1996). The art of shogi. The Shogi Foundation. ISBN 978-0-95310-890-9.
      • Kiriyama, Kiyozumi (1980). Translated by Fairbairn, John. "The counter fourth-file rook opening (centre-vanguard-pawn)". Shogi (24): 6–9.
      • Kitao, Madoka (2011). Joseki at a glance. Translated by Kawasaki, Tomohide. Nekomado. ISBN 978-4-9052-2501-0.
      • Kitao, Madoka (2013). Sabaki at a glance. Translated by Kawasaki, Tomohide. Nekomado. ISBN 978-4-9052-2510-2.
      • Ōuchi, Nobuyuki (1978). Translated by Fairbairn, John. "Opening series: How to play the anaguma part 1". Shogi (12): 13–15.
      • Ōuchi, Nobuyuki (1978). Translated by Fairbairn, John. "Opening series: How to play the anaguma part 2". Shogi (13): 13–15.
      • Ōuchi, Nobuyuki (1978). Translated by Fairbairn, John. "Opening series: How to play the anaguma part 3". Shogi (14): 12–13.
      • Ōuchi, Nobuyuki (1978). Translated by Fairbairn, John. "Opening series: How to play the anaguma part 4". Shogi (15): 2.
      • Yebisu, Miles (2016). Comprehensive shogi guide in English: How to play Japanese chess. Laboratory Publishing.
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