First Lubbers cabinet

First Lubbers cabinet
First Lubbers cabinet
; 59th Cabinet of the Netherlands
	The installation of the First Lubbers cabinet on 4 November 1982
Date formed	4 November 1982
Date dissolved	14 July 1986 ; (Demissionary from 22 May 1986)
People and organisations
Head of state	Queen Beatrix
Head of government	Ruud Lubbers
Deputy head of government	Gijs van Aardenne
No. of ministers	14
Ministers removed	1
Total no. of members	15
Member party	Christian Democratic Appeal ; (CDA) ; People's Party for ; Freedom and Democracy ; (VVD)
Status in legislature	Right-wing ; Majority government
History
Election(s)	1982 election
Outgoing election	1986 election
Legislature term(s)	1982–1986
Incoming formation	1982 formation
Outgoing formation	1986 formation
Predecessor	Third Van Agt cabinet
Successor	Second Lubbers cabinet

The First Lubbers cabinet was the executive branch of the Dutch Government from 4 November 1982 until 14 July 1986. The cabinet was formed by the christian-democratic Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and the conservative-liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) after the election of 1982. The cabinet was a right-wing coalition and had a substantial majority in the House of Representatives with Christian Democratic Leader Ruud Lubbers serving as Prime Minister. Prominent Liberal politician Gijs van Aardenne, a former Minister of Economic Affairs, served as Deputy Prime Minister and returned Minister of Economic Affairs.

The cabinet served during the Economic expansion of the 1980s, domestically it was able to implement several major social reforms to Social security and stimulating privatization and sustainable development and dealing with early 1980s recession, internationally it had to deal with several crises such as the decision to allow NATO to place the Medium Extended Air Defense System (MEADS) at Woensdrecht Air Base. The cabinet suffered several major internal conflicts including a critical parliamentary inquiry into Deputy Prime Minister Van Aardenne, but completed its entire term and was succeeded by a continuation of the coalition in the Second Lubbers cabinet following the election of 1986.[1][2][3]

Formation

Following the fall of the Second Van Agt cabinet on 12 May 1982 the Labour Party (PvdA) left the coalition, subsequently on 14 May 1982 Queen Beatrix appointed Senator Piet Steenkamp (CDA) as Informateur to look at the possibilities of the Labour Party rejoining the coalition. After negotiations between the parties, Piet Steenkamp failed to reach an agreement between the parties. On 25 May 1982 Queen Beatrix appointed incumbent Prime Minister Dries van Agt (CDA) as Formateur to form a rump cabinet with the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and the Democrats 66 (D'66). On 29 May 1982 the Third Van Agt cabinet was installed and served as a caretaker government until the election of 1982.

After the election on 8 September 1982 the Labour Party of Joop den Uyl was the winner of the election winning 3 new seats and had now a total of 47 seats. The Christian Democratic Appeal of incumbent Prime Minister Dries van Agt lost 3 seats and now had 45 seats. The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy under the new leadership of Ed Nijpels was the biggest winner gaining 10 new seats and now had a total of 36 seats in the House of Representatives.

On 10 September 1982 Queen Beatrix appointed Member of the House of Representatives Jos van Kemenade (PvdA), the former Minister of Education and Sciences as Informateur to start the cabinet formation process. The first round of talks between the Labour Party and the Christian Democratic Appeal were troubled by the personal animosity between incumbent Prime Minister and Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal Dries van Agt and former Prime Minister and Leader of the Labour Party Joop den Uyl. Van Agt had served as Deputy Prime Minister under Den Uyl his cabinet, and Den Uyl had served as Deputy Prime Minister under Van Agt in his Second cabinet. On 30 September 1982 after long negotiations between the parties, Jos van Kemenade failed to reach an agreement to form a new coalition.

On 1 October 1982 Queen Beatrix appointed Vice-President of the Council of State Willem Scholten (CDA), a former Minister of Defence as Informateur to start a cabinet formation process between the Christian Democratic Appeal and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy. Soon thereafter incumbent Prime Minister and Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal Dries van Agt unexpectedly announced his retirement from national politics and stood down as Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal on 25 October 1982 and subsequently endorsed the Parliamentary leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal in the House of Representatives Ruud Lubbers, a former Minister of Economic Affairs as his successor. On 30 October 1982 the Christian Democratic Appeal and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy agreed to form a coalition and Queen Beatrix subsequently appointed Ruud Lubbers as Formateur and tasked him with forming a new cabinet. On 4 November 1982 the cabinet formation was completed and the First Lubbers cabinet was installed with Ruud Lubbers as Prime Minister.

Term

Changes

On 12 November 1982 just 4 days after taking office State Secretary for Defence Charl Schwietert (VVD) resigned after he admitted to have falsified his curriculum vitae. On 12 November 1982 Mayor of Coevorden Willem Hoekzema (VVD) was appointed as his successor.

On 20 February 1986 Minister of the Interior Koos Rietkerk (VVD) unexpectedly died in his office from a heart Attack at the age of 58. Minister of Justice Frits Korthals Altes (VVD) served as acting Minister of the Interior until 12 March 1986 when Member of the House of Representatives Rudolf de Korte (VVD) was installed as the new Minister of the Interior.

On 22 June 1986 State Secretary for Economic Affairs Piet van Zeil (CDA) resigned after he was appointed as Mayor of Heerlen and because the cabinet was already demissionary he was not replaced.

Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers, Prime Minister of Luxembourg Pierre Werner and Prime Minister of Belgium Wilfried Martens at the Ministry of General Affairs on 10 November 1982.

United States Secretary of State George Shultz and Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers at the Catshuis on 11 December 1982.

Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers and Vice President of the United States George H. W. Bush at Airport Schiphol on 1 February 1983.

Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers and United States Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger at The Pentagon on 16 March 1983.

Prime Minister of Italy Amintore Fanfani and Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers at the Catshuis on 13 April 1983.

Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers and the former King of Cambodia Norodom Sihanouk at the Torentje on 15 September 1983.

Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Margaret Thatcher and Minister Hans van den Broek at the Catshuis on 19 September 1983.

Minister of Defence Job de Ruiter and United States Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger at The Pentagon on 2 October 1983.

Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers and Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau at Valkenburg Naval Air Base on 8 November 1983.

President of Costa Rica Luis Alberto Monge and Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers at the Ministry of General Affairs on 7 June 1984.

Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers and President of Gabon Omar Bongo at Zestienhoven Airport on 7 November 1984.

Pope John Paul II and Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers at the Catshuis on 13 May 1985.

Premier of the People's Republic of China Zhao Ziyang and Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers in The Hague on 17 June 1985.

Prime Minister of Spain Felipe González and Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers at Ypenburg Airport on 19 June 1985.

Chancellor of West-Germany Helmut Kohl and Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers at a European People's Party conference in The Hague on 12 April 1986.

Queen Beatrix, President of Zambia Kenneth Kaunda and Prime Minister Ruud Lubbers at Zestienhoven Airport on 13 April 1986.

Cabinet Members

Ministers		Title/Ministry/Portfolio(s)			Term of office	Party
	Ruud Lubbers (1939–2018)	Prime Minister	General Affairs		4 November 1982 – 22 Augustus 1994 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Gijs van Aardenne (1930–1995)	Deputy Prime Minister	Economic Affairs		4 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Gijs van Aardenne (1930–1995)	Minister	Economic Affairs		4 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Koos Rietkerk (1927–1986)	Minister	Interior		4 November 1982 – 20 February 1986 ^[Died]	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Frits Korthals Altes (born 1931)				20 February 1986 – 12 March 1986 ^{[Ad Interim]}	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Dr. Rudolf de Korte (1936–2020)				12 March 1986 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Hans van den Broek (born 1936)	Minister	Foreign Affairs		4 November 1982 – 3 January 1993 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Dr. Onno Ruding (born 1939)	Minister	Finance		4 November 1982 – 7 November 1989 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Frits Korthals Altes (born 1931)	Minister	Justice		4 November 1982 – 7 November 1989 ^[Continued]	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Dr. Job de Ruiter (1930–2015)	Minister	Defence		4 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Elco Brinkman (born 1948)	Minister	Welfare, Health and Culture		4 November 1982 – 7 November 1989 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Jan de Koning (1926–1994)	Minister	Social Affairs and Employment		4 November 1982 – 3 February 1987 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Jan de Koning (1926–1994)	Minister	Interior	• Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs	29 May 1982 – 7 November 1989 ^[Retained] ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Wim Deetman (born 1945)	Minister	Education and Sciences		29 May 1982 – 14 September 1989 ^[Retained] ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Neelie Kroes (born 1941)	Minister	Transport and Water Management		4 November 1982 – 7 November 1989 ^[Continued]	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Gerrit Braks (1933–2017)	Minister	Agriculture and Fisheries		4 November 1982 – 18 September 1990 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Dr. Pieter Winsemius (born 1942)	Minister	Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment		4 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
Minister without portfolio		Title/Ministry/Portfolio(s)			Term of office	Party
	Eegje Schoo (born 1944)	Minister	Foreign Affairs	• Development Cooperation	4 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
State Secretaries		Title/Ministry/Portfolio(s)			Term of office	Party
	Marius van Amelsvoort (1930–2006)	State Secretary	Interior	• Municipalities • Emergency Services • Emergency Management	8 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Dr. Wim van Eekelen (born 1931)	State Secretary ^[Title]	Foreign Affairs	• European Union • Benelux	5 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Henk Koning (1933–2016)	State Secretary	Finance	• Fiscal Policy • Tax and Customs • Governmental Budget	4 November 1982 – 7 November 1989 ^[Continued]	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Virginie Korte-van Hemel (1929–2014)	State Secretary	Justice	• Immigration and Asylum • Civil Law • Youth Justice • Penitentiaries • Gambling	8 November 1982 – 7 November 1989 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Piet van Zeil (1927–2012)	State Secretary	Economic Affairs	• Small and Medium-sized Businesses • Regional Development • Consumer Protection • Tourism	11 September 1981 – 22 June 1986 ^[Retained] ^[App]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Frits Bolkestein (born 1933)	State Secretary	Economic Affairs	• Trade and Export ^[Title]	4 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Jan van Houwelingen (1939–2013)	State Secretary	Defence)	• Equipment	14 September 1981 – 7 November 1989 ^[Retained] ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Charl Schwietert (born 1943)			• Human Resources	8 November 1982 – 11 November 1982 ^[Res]	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Willem Hoekzema (born 1939)			• Human Resources	19 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Joop van der Reijden (1927–2006)	State Secretary	Welfare, Health and Culture	• Primary Healthcare • Social Services • Elderly Care • Disability Policy • Medical Ethics	5 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Louw de Graaf (1930–2020)	State Secretary	Social Affairs and Employment	• Social Security • Unemployment • Occupational Safety	5 November 1982 – 3 February 1987 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Annelien Kappeyne van de Coppello (1936–1990)	State Secretary	Social Affairs and Employment	• Disability Policy • Family Policy • Equality • Emancipation	8 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Nell Ginjaar-Maas (1931–2012)	State Secretary	Education and Sciences	• Secondary Education • Adult Education	5 November 1982 – 7 November 1989 ^[Continued]	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Gerard van Leijenhorst (1928–2001)	State Secretary	Education and Sciences	• Primary Education	8 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	Christian Democratic Appeal
	Jaap Scherpenhuizen (1934–2012)	State Secretary	Transport and Water Management	• Public Infrastructure • Public Transport • Postal Service • Weather Forecasting	8 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Ad Ploeg (1927–1994)	State Secretary	Agriculture and Fisheries	• Food Policy • Environmental Policy • Nature • Fisheries • Forestry • Animal Welfare	8 November 1982 – 14 July 1986	People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
	Gerrit Brokx (1933–2002)	State Secretary	Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment	• Urban Planning • Public Housing • Spatial Planning	5 November 1982 – 23 October 1986 ^[Continued]	Christian Democratic Appeal

^Resigned

^{Retained from the previous cabinet}

^{Continued in the next cabinet}

^{Ad Interim}

^{Died in Office}

^{Designated with the diplomatic rank of Minister}

^{Appointed as Mayor of Heerlen}

Trivia

Three cabinet members would later serve as European Commissioner: Hans van den Broek (1993–1999), Neelie Kroes (2004–2014) and Frits Bolkestein (1999–2004)
Ruud Lubbers became the youngest Dutch Prime Minister at the age of 43 years, 181 days.

References

(in Dutch) Willem Drees gekozen tot ‘Dé premier na WO II’, Geschiedenis24.nl, 15 January 2006
(in Dutch) NRC-enquête: Drees en Lubbers beste premiers sinds 1900, NRC Handelsblad, 28 September 2013
"De jaren tachtig van Onno Ruding" (in Dutch). Historisch Nieuwsblad. 19 August 2001. Retrieved 16 February 2018.

External links

Official

(in Dutch) Kabinet-Lubbers I Parlement & Politiek
(in Dutch) Kabinet-Lubbers I Rijksoverheid

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[1] (in Dutch) Willem Drees gekozen tot ‘Dé premier na WO II’, Geschiedenis24.nl, 15 January 2006

[2] (in Dutch) NRC-enquête: Drees en Lubbers beste premiers sinds 1900, NRC Handelsblad, 28 September 2013

[3] "De jaren tachtig van Onno Ruding" (in Dutch). Historisch Nieuwsblad. 19 August 2001. Retrieved 16 February 2018.

[Continued]

[Died]

[Ad Interim

[Retained]

[Title]

[App]

[Res]

First Lubbers cabinet (1982–1986)
Preceded by: Third Van Agt cabinet Succeeded by: Second Lubbers cabinet
Prime Minister	Ruud Lubbers (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Minister	Gijs van Aardenne (Economic Affairs)
Ministers	Koos Rietkerk (Interior) (1982–1986) (†) Frits Korthals Altes (Interior) (Ad interim) Rudolf de Korte (Interior) (from 1986) Hans van den Broek (Foreign Affairs) Onno Ruding (Finance) Frits Korthals Altes (Justice) Job de Ruiter (Defence) Elco Brinkman (Welfare, Health and Culture) Jan de Koning (Social Affairs and Employment and Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs) Wim Deetman (Education and Sciences) Neelie Kroes (Transport and Water Management) Gerrit Braks (Agriculture and Fisheries) Pieter Winsemius (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)
Minister without portfolio	Eegje Schoo (Development Cooperation)
State Secretaries	Marius van Amelsvoort (Interior) Wim van Eekelen (Foreign Affairs) Henk Koning (Finance) Virginie Korte-van Hemel (Justice) Piet van Zeil (Economic Affairs) Frits Bolkestein (Economic Affairs) Jan van Houwelingen (Defence) Charl Schwietert (Defence) (1982) Willem Hoekzema (Defence) (from 1982) Joop van der Reijden (Welfare, Health and Culture) Louw de Graaf (Social Affairs and Employment) Annelien Kappeyne van de Coppello (Social Affairs and Employment) Nell Ginjaar-Maas (Education and Sciences) Gerard van Leijenhorst (Education and Sciences) Jaap Scherpenhuizen (Transport and Water Management) Ad Ploeg (Agriculture and Fisheries) Gerrit Brokx (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)