Extreme points of Norway

The extreme points of Norway include the coordinates that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location in Norway; and the highest and the lowest altitudes in the country. The northernmost point is Rossøya on Svalbard, the southernmost is Pysen in Mandal, the easternmost is Kræmerpynten on Svalbard, and the westernmost is Hoybergodden on Jan Mayen.[1] The highest peak is Galdhøpiggen, standing at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above mean sea level, while the lowest elevation is sea level at the coast.[2]

Extreme points of Norway is located in Svalbard
Rossøya
Rossøya
Kræmerpynten
Kræmerpynten
Svalbard
Extreme points of Norway is located in Norway
Cape Nordkinn
Cape Nordkinn
Knivskjellodden
Knivskjellodden
Pysen
Pysen
Lindesnes
Lindesnes
Hornøya
Hornøya
Kibergsneset
Kibergsneset
Holmebåen
Holmebåen
Vardetangen
Vardetangen
Norway

The Norwegian Antarctic territories—Bouvet Island, Queen Maud Land and Peter I Island—are not part of the Kingdom of Norway.[3] If included, the Antarctic territories account for the southernmost, easternmost, westernmost and highest extreme points.[4][5]

The latitude and longitude are expressed in degrees, minutes and seconds, in which an "N" value refers to the northern hemisphere, and an "S" value refers to the southern hemisphere. Similarly, a "E" longitude value refers to the eastern hemisphere, and a "W" refers to the western hemisphere. The extreme points of latitude and longitude are published by the Norwegian Mapping Authority, while the elevations are published by the World Fact Book. Both make use of the World Geodetic System (WGS) 84, a geodetic reference system.

Latitude and longitude
Knivskjellodden is the northernmost point of Norway proper

For the Kingdom of Norway, the northernmost point is Rossøya, just north of Nordaustlandet on the Svalbard archipelago, bordering the Barents Sea. The southernmost point is Pysen in Mandal bordering Skagerrak—the only latitude and longitude extreme point that is in Norway proper. The easternmost location is Kræmerpynten on Svalbard, bordering the Barents Sea, while the westernmost point is Hoybergodden on Jan Mayen, bordering the Greenland Sea.[1]

All four latitude and longitude extreme points are bordering the sea; due to the geographic nature of the coastline, all extremities are located on islands. Therefore, extreme points of the Norwegian mainland are also included in the list. The northernmost point is Knivskjellodden, located in Magerøya in Finnmark. The northernmost mainland point is Cape Nordkinn, located in Lebesby, Finnmark; this is also the northernmost location of mainland Europe. Both border the Barents Sea. The southernmost location of Norway proper is Pysen, while the southernmost mainland location is Lindesnes; both border Skagerrak. The easternmost point is Hornøya, with Kibergsneset being the easternmost mainland location. Both are in Vardø in Finnmark. The westernmost location is Holmebåen in Solund, Sogn og Fjordane, while the westernmost mainland location is Vardetangen in Austrheim, Hordaland. Both border the North Sea.[1]

If Antarctica is included, the southernmost point is the South Pole. All seven Antarctic claims meet there, so this point borders all other six territories. The easternmost point is the border between Queen Maud Land and the Australian Antarctic Territory, which follows the 45th meridian east.[4] The westernmost point is Peter I Island. As the only Antarctic claim that is not a sector, it borders the Amundsen Sea.[6]

Heading Scope Location Region Bordering entity Coordinates Ref
North Kingdom Rossøya Svalbard Barents Sea 80°49′44.41″N 20°20′32.29″E [1]
North Proper Knivskjellodden Magerøya Barents Sea 71°11′08.56″N 25°40′30.79″E [1]
North Mainland Cape Nordkinn Lebesby Barents Sea 71°08′02.47″N 27°39′13.62″E [1]
South Kingdom Pysen Mandal Skagerrak 57°57′30.63″N 07°33′52.30″E [1]
South Mainland Ytre Farestad Lindesnes Skagerrak 57°58′39″N 07°30′47.68″E [1]
South Dependencies Larsøya Bouvet Island Atlantic Ocean 54°27′S 3°31′E
South Antarctica South Pole Queen Maud Land n/a 90°00′00″S 00°00′00″E [4]
East Kingdom Kræmerpynten Svalbard Barents Sea 80°13′45.28″N 33°30′58.74″E [1]
East Proper Hornøya Vardø Barents Sea 70°23′12.63″N 31°10′06.93″E [1]
East Mainland Kibergsneset Vardø Barents Sea 70°17′20.96″N 31°03′51.54″E [1]
East Antarctica Eastern Border Queen Maud Land Australian Antarctic Territory 67°45′00″S 45°00′00″E [4]
West Kingdom Hoybergodden Jan Mayen Greenland Sea 70°51′49.05″N 09°04′38.86″W [1]
West Proper Holmebåen Solund North Sea 61°04′24.07″N 04°29′57.01″E [1]
West Mainland Vardetangen Austrheim North Sea 60°48′36.61″N 04°56′43.18″E [1]
West Antarctica — Peter I Island Amundsen Sea 68°47′00″S 90°35′00″W [6]

Altitude
Galdhøpiggen is Norway's tallest peak

The highest point in the kingdom is Galdhøpiggen, which, standing at 2,469 m (8,100 ft) above mean sea level, is located in Lom.[2] Galdhøpiggen is part of the Jotunheimen mountain range, as well as Jotunheimen National Park.[7] It is also the highest peak along the Scandinavian Mountains.[8] If Antarctica is included, the highest peak is Jøkulkyrkja, standing at 3,148 metres (10,328 ft).[5] It is located in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains in Princess Astrid Coast.[9] Norway's lowest point is located on the coast, at sea level.[2] The coast stretches 83,281 kilometres (51,748 mi), including fjords, bays and islands.[3]

Extremity Name Elevation Range Region Coordinates Ref
Highest (kingdom) Galdhøpiggen 2,469 m (8,100 ft) Jotunheimen Lom 61°38′11″N 8°18′45″E [2]
Highest (Antarctica) Jøkulkyrkja 3,148 m (10,328 ft) Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains Queen Maud Land 71°53′00″S 6°40′00″E [5]
Lowest Sea level 0 m (0 ft) Coast Atlantic Ocean n/a [2]

Transportation

Only public transportation.

Heading Airport Railway station Bus stop
North incl islands: Longyearbyen
mainland: Mehamn		 Narvik incl Svalbard: Svalbard Airport[10]
excl Svalbard: North Cape[11]
South Kristiansand Kristiansand Nedre Våge, Lindesnes[12]
West incl islands: Florø
mainland: Bergen		 Bergen Halsøy near Værlandet[13]
East Vardø Bjørnfjell Vardø skole (Vardø)[11]
Highest Røros, 626 m Finse, 1222 m Juvasshytta, 1840 m[14]

Note that the southernmost point which is reachable without using a boat is in fact not Lindesnes, but a rocky cape in Ytre Farestad on the island Skjernøya. It is not per definition the southernmost mainland point, but can be reached by road Fv230 385.[15]

See also

References
  1. Norwegian Mapping Authority. "Ytterpunkter for kongeriket Norge" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 2008-05-13. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  2. Central Intelligence Agency (5 February 2009). "Norway" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  3. Statistics Norway (2008). "Oversikt over geografiske forhold" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 1 January 2009. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  4. Government of Norway (27 June 2008). "Lov om Bouvet-øya, Peter I's øy og Dronning Maud Land m.m. (bilandsloven)" (in Norwegian). Lovdata. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  5. Caplex. "Jøkulkyrkja" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  6. Geographic Names Information System. "Peter I Island" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  7. Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management (2007). "Jotunheimen" (pdf) (in Norwegian). p. 6. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  8. Annika, Rydman (August 18, 2008). "Sydtoppen fortfarande högst i Sverige" (in Swedish). Dagens Nyheter. Archived from the original on 2011-05-14. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
  9. Geographic Names Information System. "Jøkulkyrkja Mountain" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 7 February 2009.
  10. "SVALBARD BUSS OG TAXI - FLYBUSS". www.svalbardbuss.no. Archived from the original on 13 September 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  11. "Hjem - Snelandia". www.177finnmark.no. Archived from the original on 27 July 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  12. at 57°59′19″N 7°3′26″E, see http://www.akt.no
  13. at 61°17′11″N 4°37′8″E Time table 14-436 Rutetabellar»Lokalbuss»Sunnfjord - Ytre Sogn (SONE C) Map with bus stops at
  14. "Forside - Opplandstrafikk - Oppland fylkeskommune". www.opplandstrafikk.no. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  15. "57°58'27.0"N 7°31'42.3"E". 57°58'27.0"N 7°31'42.3"E. Retrieved 2021-05-10.
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