Emperor Huanzong of Western Xia

Emperor Huanzong of Western Xia (1177–1206), born Li Chunyou (Chinese: 李純祐), was the sixth emperor of the Western Xia dynasty of China, reigning from 1193 to 1206.[3]

Emperor Huanzong of Western Xia
西夏桓宗
Emperor of the Western Xia dynasty
Reign1193–1206
PredecessorEmperor Renzong
SuccessorEmperor Xiangzong
Born1177
Died1206 (aged 28–29)
Burial
Zhuangling Mausoleum (莊陵, presumptively the No. 8 tomb of Western Xia mausoleums[1])
Names
Weiming Chunyou (嵬名純祐)[2]
Li Chunyou (李純祐)
Era name and dates
Tianqing (天慶, 𘓺𘅝): 1194–1206
Posthumous name
Emperor Zhaojian (昭簡皇帝, 𗭼𘜶𘓺𘋨)
Temple name
Huanzong (桓宗)

Reign

He was the son of Emperor Renzong, and tried to follow the policies dictated by his father. However, the high-ranking officials in the Western Xia government became more corrupt as time passed, starting the irreversible decline of the Western Xia. The rising of the Mongols under Genghis Khan began to pose threats as Mongols began raiding border villages.[4] In 1205, Huanzong changed the name of the Western Xia capital to Zhongxing (now Yinchuan). Also in 1205, the Mongols began their first invasion of the Western Xia, pillaging and burning many outlying villages and cities. In 1206, his cousin Li Anquan, who became Emperor Xiangzong, started a coup d'état and took power from Huanzong.[5] Huanzong died in the same year.

References
  1. "西夏王陵简介" (in Chinese (China)). 宁夏西夏陵. 2012-12-14. Archived from the original on 2014-11-29. Retrieved 2014-11-20.
  2. 辞海编辑委员会 [Ci hai bian ji wei yuan hui] (2000). 辞海:1999年版缩印本 [Ci hai: 1999 nian ban suo yin ben]. Shanghai: 上海辞书出版社 [Shanghai ci shu chu ban she]. p. 2548. ISBN 7532608395. OCLC 222462793. 桓宗（嵬名纯祐）
  3. Shi, Jinbo (2021-06-01). The Empire of Western Xia and the Tangut Economy. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-46132-1.
  4. Shi, Jinbo (2020-06-08). Tangut Language and Manuscripts: An Introduction. BRILL. p. 15. ISBN 978-90-04-41454-9.
  5. 佐藤貴保, Sato Takayasu (2014). "Defense Challenges for the Capital of the Xi Xia (Tangut) Kingdom: Evidence from Research on Khara-Khoto Documents from around 1210". Central Asiatic Journal. 57: 201–208. doi:10.13173/centasiaj.57.2014.0201. ISSN 0008-9192. JSTOR 10.13173/centasiaj.57.2014.0201.
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