Kissimmee, Florida

Kissimmee (/kɪˈsɪmi/ ⓘ kih-SIM-ee)[4] is the largest city and county seat[5] of Osceola County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 79,226. It is a Principal City of the Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, Florida, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had a 2020 population of 2,673,376. The Census Bureau defines an urban area with Kissimmee as the principal city, which is separated from the Orlando urban area. The Kissimmee–St. Cloud, FL urban area had a 2020 population of 418,404, making it the 100th largest in the United States.[3]

"Kissimmee" redirects here. For other uses, see Kissimmee (disambiguation).

Kissimmee, Florida
City
City of Kissimmee
Kissimmee City Hall in 2017
Kissimmee City Hall in 2017
Flag of Kissimmee, Florida
Flag
Official seal of Kissimmee, Florida
Seal
Motto: 
"A community of neighborhoods for families!"
Interactive map of Kissimmee
Coordinates: 28°18′15″N 81°24′46″W
Country United States
State Florida
County Osceola
Incorporated1883
Government
 • TypeCouncil-Manager
 • MayorOlga Gonzalez
 • City ManagerMike Steigerwald
 • City AttorneyDon Smallwood
Area
[1]
 • City22.20 sq mi (57.50 km2)
 • Land21.50 sq mi (55.69 km2)
 • Water0.70 sq mi (1.81 km2)  3.7%
Elevation
[2]
72 ft (22 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • City79,226
 • Density3,684.76/sq mi (1,422.67/km2)
 • Urban
418,404 (US: 100th)[3]
 • Urban density2,589.4/sq mi (999.8/km2)
 • Metro
2,673,376 (US: 23rd)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (EDT)
ZIP code
34741-34747, 34758-34759
Area code(s)321, 407
FIPS code12-36950
GNIS feature ID2404839[2]
Websitewww.kissimmee.gov

History
Broadway Avenue in c. 1912

This area was originally named Allendale, after Confederate Major J. H. Allen who operated the first cargo steamboat along the Kissimmee River—the Mary Belle.[6] It was renamed Kissimmee when incorporated as a city in 1883. The modern town, which is the county seat of Osceola County, was founded before the Civil War by the Bass, Johnson and Overstreet families.[7] The etymology of the name Kissimmee is debated, apart from general agreement that it is Native American in origin.[8] Its growth can be credited to Hamilton Disston of Philadelphia, who based his four-million acre[9] (8,000 km2) drainage operation out of the small town. Disston had contracted with the financially wobbly state of Florida to drain its southern lands, for which he would own half of all he successfully drained. This deal made Disston the largest single landowner in the United States.

Disston's dredging and land speculation required a small steamboat industry to transport people and goods along the new waterway. The Kissimmee shipyard was responsible for building most of these large steamships, which were just one jump ahead of civilization—with Kissimmee as the jumping off point. Concurrently, the South Florida Railroad was growing and extended the end of its line from Sanford down to Kissimmee, making the town on Lake Tohopekaliga a transportation hub for Central Florida. On February 12, 1885, the Florida Legislature incorporated the Kissimmee City Street Railway.

Kissimmee Automobile Company, 1910s

But the heyday of Kissimmee was short-lived. Expanding railroads began to challenge the steamships for carrying freight and passengers. By 1884, the South Florida Railroad, now part of the Plant System, had extended its tracks to Tampa. The Panic of 1893 was the worst depression the U.S. had experienced up to that time, crushing land speculation and unsound debt. Hamilton Disston closed his Kissimmee land operation. Consecutive freezes in 1894 and 1895 wiped out the citrus industry. The freezes, combined with South Florida's growth and the relocation of steamship operations to Lake Okeechobee, left Kissimmee dependent on open range cattle ranching.[10][11]

Kissimmee had a population of 4,310 in 1950. At that point there was some citrus packing as well as the ranching.[12]

Ranching remained an important part of the local economy until the opening of nearby Walt Disney World in 1971. After that, tourism and development supplanted cattle ranching to a large measure. However, even though the Disney facility took over much of the open range cattle lands, cattle ranches still operate nearby, particularly in the southern part of Osceola County.[13]

The 1998 Kissimmee tornado outbreak killed dozens of people in the area. On August 13, 2004, Hurricane Charley passed through Kissimmee with winds in excess of 100 miles per hour, damaging homes and buildings, toppling trees and cutting electrical power to the entire city. Kissimmee Utility Authority restored power to 54 percent of the residents in the first 72 hours; 85 percent were restored within one week. Service was restored to all customers on August 28. Three weeks after Hurricane Charley, the area was struck by Hurricane Frances, followed by Hurricane Jeanne three weeks after Frances.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 17.32 square miles (44.9 km2), of which 16.7 square miles (43 km2) is land and 0.6 square miles (2 km2) is water (3.7%).[14] Kissimmee and the city of St. Cloud are the only incorporated settlements in the county. The cities lie in proximity to each other along U.S. Highways 192 and 441.

A large geographical area of unincorporated Osceola County also refers to their area as Kissimmee. This includes most of the 192 corridor west of the city border to Highway 27, areas north of the city to Hunters Creek, and areas south of the city to Poinciana.

The city is mostly built on deep sand which is poorly drained in its natural state. The most common soil series is Myakka.

City water resources

Drained by the Kissimmee River, the city is situated on the northwest shore of Lake Tohopekaliga (locally called Lake Toho, West Lake Toho, or simply West Lake) in central Florida. Shingle Creek, largely considered the headwaters of the Everglades, also runs through the city. Shingle Creek features a popular canoe/kayak trail that runs from Steffe Landing on US 192 and ends in Lake Tohopekaliga.

Downtown

The downtown area lies near the intersection of U.S. Highway 17/92 and U.S. Highway 192. The downtown of Kissimmee does not possess any big skyscrapers; most of the buildings are two or three stories high. The biggest and the tallest building in the downtown is the Osceola County courthouse. The main thoroughfare follows along Highway 17/Highway 92 through the city's center and is a combination of three streets: Main Street, Broadway Street, and Emmett Street. The downtown area consists largely of restaurants, small shops, and historic residences. The University of Central Florida has a business incubator located in the area that is an important part of the economic engine downtown.[15]

Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild, dry, and sunny winters. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Kissimmee has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa).

Climate data for Kissimmee, Florida, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1959–present
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 90
(32)		 90
(32)		 92
(33)		 97
(36)		 100
(38)		 101
(38)		 101
(38)		 103
(39)		 98
(37)		 97
(36)		 92
(33)		 90
(32)		 103
(39)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 82.9
(28.3)		 84.9
(29.4)		 87.4
(30.8)		 90.3
(32.4)		 93.9
(34.4)		 95.5
(35.3)		 95.5
(35.3)		 95.3
(35.2)		 94.0
(34.4)		 91.2
(32.9)		 86.7
(30.4)		 83.6
(28.7)		 96.6
(35.9)
Average high °F (°C) 71.8
(22.1)		 74.4
(23.6)		 77.9
(25.5)		 83.0
(28.3)		 87.4
(30.8)		 90.0
(32.2)		 91.5
(33.1)		 91.4
(33.0)		 89.5
(31.9)		 84.6
(29.2)		 78.6
(25.9)		 73.5
(23.1)		 82.8
(28.2)
Daily mean °F (°C) 60.1
(15.6)		 62.6
(17.0)		 66.1
(18.9)		 71.4
(21.9)		 76.6
(24.8)		 80.9
(27.2)		 82.5
(28.1)		 82.7
(28.2)		 81.1
(27.3)		 75.4
(24.1)		 67.9
(19.9)		 62.5
(16.9)		 72.5
(22.5)
Average low °F (°C) 48.3
(9.1)		 50.7
(10.4)		 54.4
(12.4)		 59.7
(15.4)		 65.8
(18.8)		 71.8
(22.1)		 73.5
(23.1)		 74.1
(23.4)		 72.8
(22.7)		 66.2
(19.0)		 57.3
(14.1)		 51.5
(10.8)		 62.2
(16.8)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 32.7
(0.4)		 35.4
(1.9)		 40.0
(4.4)		 46.9
(8.3)		 55.8
(13.2)		 66.8
(19.3)		 69.9
(21.1)		 70.6
(21.4)		 67.0
(19.4)		 52.4
(11.3)		 42.9
(6.1)		 36.7
(2.6)		 30.6
(−0.8)
Record low °F (°C) 19
(−7)		 27
(−3)		 25
(−4)		 38
(3)		 41
(5)		 53
(12)		 58
(14)		 60
(16)		 56
(13)		 40
(4)		 29
(−2)		 20
(−7)		 19
(−7)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 2.67
(68)		 2.37
(60)		 3.07
(78)		 2.43
(62)		 4.17
(106)		 9.18
(233)		 7.21
(183)		 8.38
(213)		 5.88
(149)		 3.07
(78)		 1.99
(51)		 2.15
(55)		 52.57
(1,335)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 7.6 6.5 6.2 5.7 7.8 15.8 16.7 17.7 14.3 8.7 5.8 6.5 119.3
Source: NOAA[16][17]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18901,086—
19001,1324.2%
19102,15790.5%
19202,72226.2%
19303,16316.2%
19403,2252.0%
19504,31033.6%
19606,84558.8%
19707,1194.0%
198015,487117.5%
199030,05094.0%
200047,81459.1%
201059,68224.8%
202079,22632.7%
2022 (est.)80,0031.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[18]

2010 and 2020 census
Kissimmee racial composition
(Hispanics excluded from racial categories)
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Race Pop 2010[19] Pop 2020[20] % 2010 % 2020
White (NH) 15,633 13,244 26.19% 16.72%
Black or African American (NH) 5,725 7,061 9.59% 8.91%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH) 125 90 0.21% 0.11%
Asian (NH) 1,925 2,803 3.23% 3.54%
Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian (NH) 44 33 0.07% 0.04%
Some other race (NH) 213 827 0.36% 1.04%
Two or more races/Multiracial (NH) 847 1,995 1.42% 2.52%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 35,170 53,173 58.93% 67.12%
Total 59,682 79,226 100.00% 100.00%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 79,226 people, 22,836 households, and 15,732 families residing in the city.[21]

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 59,682 people, 22,040 households, and 15,812 families residing in the city.[22]

Out of Kissimmee's 58.93% Hispanic or Latino residents in the 2010 US census, 33.1% were Puerto Rican, 5.1% Dominican, 4.0% Colombian, 3.9% Mexican, 2.6% Cuban, 1.4% Venezuelan, 0.9% Ecuadorian, 0.7% Salvadoran, 0.7% Peruvian, 0.6% Honduran, and 0.6% were Nicaraguan. Also in 2010, out of the 9.59% non-Hispanic African American or Black residents, there was an additional 2.8% of people who were Afro-Latino or Black Hispanic. The 2010 census also showed that from the 3.23% Asians living in Kissimmee, 1.1% were Indian and 0.8% were Filipino.

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 47,814 people, 17,121 households, and 11,813 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,866.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,106.8/km2). There were 19,642 housing units at an average density of 1,177.6 per square mile (454.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 67.22% White, 9.99% African American, 0.52% Native American, 3.38% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 14.15% from other races, and 4.66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 41.73% of the population. The majority of Hispanics residing in the city are Puerto Ricans. There are also small Colombian, Cuban and Dominican communities residing in and/or around the city.

In 2000, there were 17,121 households, out of which 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.2% were married couples living together, 15.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.0% were non-families. 20.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.21.

In 2000, in the city, the population was spread out, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 12.0% from 18 to 24, 34.9% from 25 to 44, 18.5% from 45 to 64, and 7.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males.

As of 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $33,949, and the median income for a family was $36,361. Males had a median income of $25,851 versus $21,025 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,071. About 12.3% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.0% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Multinational multi-level marketing company Tupperware Brands is based in Kissimmee.

Top employers

According to Kissimmee's 2018 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[23] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of employees
1 School District of Osceola County, Florida 8,332
2 The Walt Disney Company 3,700
3 Walmart 3,370
4 Publix Supermarkets 1,838
5 AdventHealth Celebration 1,626
6 Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center 1,625
7 Osceola County Government 1,442
8 Osceola Regional Medical 1,357
9 Valencia College 975
10 Omni ChampionsGate Resort 908

Arts and culture

Sites of interest
Monument of States

Former sites of interest

Sports
Osceola County Stadium with Johnson University Florida in background

The Houston Astros conducted spring training in Kissimmee, at Osceola County Stadium from 1985 to 2016. The stadium also hosts numerous amateur baseball events throughout the remainder of the year in conjunction with; USSSA, Triple Crown Sports, World Baseball Federation and Promotion Sports. The Jim Evans Academy of Professional Umpiring has also called Osceola County Stadium home since 1994.

Austin-Tindall Regional Park is an athletic facility in the area that is host to a variety of annual events.

The city is also home to the annual NCCAA men's soccer National Championship Tournament.

Parks and recreation
Silver Spurs Arena
Kissimmee Trail over N John Young Pkwy

Osceola Heritage Park is an event facility featuring a concert arena (Silver Spurs Arena) and professional sports stadium (Osceola County Stadium). The Silver Spurs Arena has been host to many acts, ranging from Hilary Duff and Bob Dylan to an annual rodeo event. Jehovah's Witnesses also use The Silver Spurs Arena for their annual District Conventions. In 2008, a number of English and Spanish conventions were held by the Witnesses, bringing thousands of delegates to the Kissimmee area for the three-day events.

Kissimmee has a number of public parks, including:

  • Kissimmee Lakefront Park – Aa$20 million public works project
  • Makinson Island Park
  • Babb Park at Shingle Creek
  • Steffe Landing at Shingle Creek
  • Twin Oaks Conservation Area – a popular place with locals for sunset
  • Scotty's Landing – a canoe launch/landing featuring an educational area and exercise trail
  • Bob Makinson Aquatic Center

Biking

The Shingle Creek Regional Trail (SCRT) is an inter-governmental project that has been planned to connect Kissimmee to Orlando through a 32-mile bicycle trail. It runs along the environmentally sensitive Shingle Creek, and was included on President Obama's America's Great Outdoors list.[24]

Golfing

Kissimmee is home to a number of golf courses and mini-golf courses.

Shopping

Kissimmee is home to The Loop, a large outdoor shopping mall at John Young and Osceola Parkways on the Orange/Osceola County line. It features stores such as American Eagle Outfitters, Kohl's, and Best Buy. There is also a multi-plex theater.

Kissimmee features a unique transformation of the former Osceola Square Mall into a Spanish-style marketplace called Plaza del Sol.

Nearby

Kissimmee is near Orlando, home to Universal Orlando Resort and SeaWorld Orlando, and Lake Buena Vista/Bay Lake, home to Walt Disney World Resort, allowing tourists to access the parks through the city.

Education

Public schools

The School District of Osceola County, Florida serves Kissimmee. High schools include:

Private schools
  • City of Life, founded 1994
  • Freedomland Christian Academy
  • Heritage Christian School
  • Holy Redeemer Catholic School
  • North Kissimmee Christian School, founded 1995
  • Osceola Adventist Christian School
  • Osceola Christian Preparatory School
  • Peace Lutheran School
  • Poinciana Academy
  • Shady Oaks Private School, founded 1969
  • Southland Christian School
  • Trinity Lutheran School
  • Reborn Christian Academy

State colleges

Private universities, colleges, and others

Infrastructure

Transportation

Kissimmee features a multi-modal transportation hub located between Neptune Road and Monument Streets. This hub includes the Amtrak train station, which is a station stop on the SunRail commuter rail system. There is a Greyhound bus station. The hub also features a bus terminal providing service by the Lynx network.

Kissimmee Gateway Airport has four fixed-base operators that provide service to the area. Kissimmee Gateway Airport (ISM) accommodates general aviation air service 24 hours a day with two paved airport runways—respectively 5,000 and 6,000 feet.[25] There are also two flight training schools and a museum at the airport. Orlando International Airport can be reached from Kissimmee in 15 minutes by car.

The major roads in the Kissimmee area are Florida's Turnpike, Interstate 4, Osceola Parkway, and US 192. Among other important routes are US 17/92 that join with US 441 into the Orange Blossom Trail (OBT) and the John Young Parkway.

Public libraries

Osceola Library System operates the Hart Memorial Central Library in Kissimmee.[26]

Notable people

References
  1. "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
  2. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Kissimmee, Florida
  3. United States Census Bureau (December 29, 2022). "2020 Census Qualifying Urban Areas and Final Criteria Clarifications". Federal Register.
  4. "Kissimmee". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  5. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  6. "Brief History of Osceola County: The History of Kissimmee". Archived from the original on October 16, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
  7. Bucci, Diane Todd (March 15, 2013), "Jones, Grace Morris Allen", African American Studies Center, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.37257, ISBN 978-0-19-530173-1, retrieved April 11, 2021
  8. Long, Katherine (November 16, 1986). "Historians Try To Trace Origins Of Indian-named Places". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved March 9, 2017.
  9. "City of Kissimmee, FL : Hamilton Disston". kissimmee.org.
  10. "Octogenarian Still Loves Quarter Horses And A Good Rodeo". Orlando Sentinel. December 12, 1993. Retrieved December 31, 2016.
  11. "A Cattleman for All Seasons Development Can't Fence In Tommy Reaves' Love For The Land". Orlando Sentinel. July 4, 1990. Retrieved December 31, 2016.
  12. Columbia-Lippincott Gazetteer, p. 956
  13. Jim Robison (January 1, 2009). Historic Osceola County: An Illustrated History. HPN Books. pp. 79–. ISBN 978-1-935377-02-3.
  14. "Florida by place Population, Housing Units, Area and Density:2000". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 10, 2020. Retrieved July 24, 2007.
  15. Kissimmee Archived 2014-08-21 at the Wayback Machine
  16. "NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 28, 2021.
  17. "Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 28, 2021.
  18. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  19. "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Kissimmee city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
  20. "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Kissimmee city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
  21. "S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2020: Kissimmee city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
  22. "S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2010: Kissimmee city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
  23. City of Kissimmee CAFR Archived 2012-10-10 at the Wayback Machine
  24. "City of Kissimmee, FL : Shingle Creek Regional Multi-Use Trail". kissimmee.org.
  25. "City of Kissimmee, FL : About Us". kissimmee.org.
  26. "Hours & Locations Archived 2010-11-25 at the Wayback Machine." Osceola Library System. Retrieved on December 29, 2010. Click map link, and "211 E Dakin Ave. Kissimmee, FL 34741" will be displayed
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