Courthouse Place

Courthouse Place, also known as the Cook County Criminal Court Building, is a Richardsonian Romanesque-style building at 54 West Hubbard Street in the Near North Side of Chicago. Now a commercial office building, it originally served as a noted courthouse. Designed by architect Otto H. Matz and completed in 1892[2][3] or 1893,[4] it replaced and reused material from the earlier 1874 criminal courthouse at this site (the location of the trial and hangings related to the Haymarket Affair).[5] The complex included, in addition to the successive courthouses, the cell blocks of the Cook County Jail, and a hanging gallows for prisoners sentenced to death. By the 1920s the attached jail, which was behind the courthouse and no longer exists, had a capacity for 1200 inmates but sometimes housed twice that and the court rooms were backlogged with cases.[6]

This article is about an historic courthouse, now an office building. For Cook County's present criminal court, see Circuit Court of Cook County § Criminal Division.
Cook County Criminal Court Building
The south (front) and east side of the building. Photo from the Historic American Buildings Survey. The now demolished jail cell blocks would have been to the right in this picture.
Location54 West Hubbard Street
Chicago, Illinois
Coordinates41°53′24.59″N 87°37′48.6″W
Built1893
ArchitectOtto H. Matz
Architectural styleRomanesque
NRHP reference No.84000281 [1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPNovember 13, 1984
Designated CLJune 9, 1993

For its first 35 years, the present Courthouse Place building housed the Cook County Criminal Courts and was the site of many legendary trials, including the Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb's murder of Bobby Franks, the Black Sox Scandal, and the jazz age trials that formed the basis of the play and musical Chicago. The 1928 play The Front Page was written by newspaper reporters Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur based on the day-to-day events here.[4] Other authors of Chicago's 1920s literary renaissance who were employed in the fourth floor pressroom include Carl Sandburg, Sherwood Anderson, and Vincent Starrett.[7] It was added to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) on November 13, 1984 with ID 8400028, and was labelled as significant in the areas of law, politics/government, and architecture, in the last quarter of the 1800s and the first quarter of the 1900s, especially 1892.[3] It was designated a Chicago Landmark on June 9, 1993.[4]

In 1929, the Criminal Courts left the 54 West Hubbard Street location as did the Cook County Jail, and the building was then occupied by the Chicago Board of Health and other city agencies. After poor alterations and years of neglect, the building was acquired by a private developer, Friedman Properties, Ltd in 1985. The property was restored and refurbished as "Courthouse Place," an office development later expanded to include the restoration of other surrounding historic buildings.

North Market Hall was previously erected at the site in 1851.[4][2][5]

The post-Great Chicago Fire Cook County Criminal Courthouse (1874 - 1892), which was replaced by the present structure at the same site. The then existing jail can be seen, in part, at right
Architectural sketch of the building by its architect, Otto H. Matz, published in The Inland Architect and News Record in March 1893.

See also

Notes
  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. 431 N Dearborn St - Google Maps (plaque on east wall of building). North-west corner of N Dearborn St and W Hubbard St: Google Street View. August 2019. North Market Hall Erected A.D. 1851 / Criminal Court Building [Erected A.D.] 1872 / Taken Down And Rebuilt [A.D.] 1892
  3. "NPGallery Asset Detail: Cook County Criminal Court Building". NPGallery Digital Asset Management System. National Register of Historic Places Collection. National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. November 13, 1984. National Register Information System ID: 84000281, Asset IDs: 0a0dc5c4-8599-4d10-91c0-8a76957f35d8 and 1a1a2e8e-9ab2-4741-90c2-0984ea0a9a25. Archived from the original on December 24, 2022. Retrieved October 10, 2023.
  4. "Courthouse Place". Chicago Landmarks. City of Chicago.
  5. "The Cook County Criminal Court and Jailhouse". Chicagology. Archived from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  6. "Cook County Jail's History". Cook County Sheriff's Office. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
  7. "Courthouse Building in Chicago". Metromix. Chicago Tribune. 2007-07-22.
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