Coniochaeta

The Coniochaeta are a genus of pleomorphic yeasts of the order Coniochaetales and are pathogens of trees.[1] Some species have also been found to form endophytic associations within plants in which they live inside plant tissues but do not actually harm the organism.[2] They can take the form of pink to brown colonies, hyphae, conidiophores or sclerotia. In 2013, the Lecythophora were merged with the Coniochaeta, following suggestions by Ziauddin Khan et al.[3]

Coniochaeta
Coniochaeta burtii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Sordariomycetes
Order: Coniochaetales
Family: Coniochaetaceae
Genus: Coniochaeta
Species

See text

Ecology

The Coniochaeta have been described as typically associated with wood, water, and soil.[4][5] However, there is also growing evidence of specialised associations between each species and specific environments, and a suggestion that 4-spored and 8-spored species interact differently with their environments, some species surviving forest fires, which activate their sexual cycle.[6]

Medical Issues

Other members of the Coniochaeta, most commonly Coniochaeta polymorpha, can cause clinical infections in immunocompromised individuals,[3] which has increased recent interest in the genus.

Species

As accepted by Species Fungorum;[7]

  • Coniochaeta acaciae Samarak., Gafforov & K.D. Hyde (2018)
  • Coniochaeta africana Damm & Crous (2010)
  • Coniochaeta albidomucosa Petr. (1952)
  • Coniochaeta alkalivirens Checa & G. Moreno (1988)
  • Coniochaeta angustispora D. Hawksw. & H.Y. Yip (1981)
  • Coniochaeta arctispora (Cooke & Ellis) M.E. Barr (1993)
  • Coniochaeta arenariae Dayar. & E.B.G. Jones (2020)
  • Coniochaeta areolatirubra Checa, Barrasa & G. Moreno (1988)
  • Coniochaeta arxii Udagawa & Takada (1989)
  • Coniochaeta baysunika Wanas., Gafforov, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde (2018)
  • Coniochaeta boothii (Manohar. & P.Rama Rao) Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta burtii M.J. Richardson (2006)
  • Coniochaeta caffra Matsush. (1996)
  • Coniochaeta calligoni (Kravtzev) Vasyag. (1981)
  • Coniochaeta caryotae R. Rao (1971)
  • Coniochaeta cateniformis (Perdomo, Dania García, Gené, Cano & Guarro) Gené & Guarro (2013)
  • Coniochaeta cephalothecoides Kamiya, Uchiy. & Udagawa (1995)
  • Coniochaeta cipronana Coronado-Ruiz, Avendaño, Escudero-Leyva, Conejo-Barboza, P. Chaverri & Chavarría (2018)
  • Coniochaeta coluteae Samarak., Gafforov & K.D. Hyde (2018)
  • Coniochaeta cruciata Fort & Guarro (1988)
  • Coniochaeta cymbiformispora T. Yokoy. & Tad. Ito (1989)
  • Coniochaeta cypraeispora Van der Linde (1991)
  • Coniochaeta dakotensis Forin, Fainelli & Vizzini (2021)
  • Coniochaeta deborreae Hern.-Restr. (2021)
  • Coniochaeta decumbens (J.F.H. Beyma) Z.U. Khan, Gené & Guarro (2013)
  • Coniochaeta dendrobiicola Sujit Shah (2019)
  • Coniochaeta detonsa Cooke (1887)
  • Coniochaeta discoidea (Udagawa & Furuya) Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta discospora (Auersw.) Cain (1934)
  • Coniochaeta dumosa Kamiya, Uchiy. & Udagawa (1995)
  • Coniochaeta elegans A.E. Arnold, A.H. Harr., Y.K. Huang, J.M. U'Ren, Massimo, Knight-Connoni & Inderb. (2021)
  • Coniochaeta ellipsoidea Udagawa (1967)
  • Coniochaeta emodensis Udagawa & Y. Horie (1982)
  • Coniochaeta endophytica A.H. Harrington & A.E. Arnold (2019)
  • Coniochaeta euphorbiae S. Nasr, S. Bien & Damm (2018)
  • Coniochaeta extramundana Mahoney & La Favre (1981)
  • Coniochaeta fasciculata (J.F.H. Beyma) Z.U. Khan, Gené & Guarro (2013)
  • Coniochaeta fibrosae H.L. Si & Y.M. Su (2021)
  • Coniochaeta fodinicola Vázq.-Camp. (2014)
  • Coniochaeta geophila (E. Bommer, M. Rousseau & Sacc.) Forin, Fainelli & Vizzini (2021)
  • Coniochaeta gigantospora J. Fourn., Raja & A.N. Mill. (2012)
  • Coniochaeta gymnosporiae S.B. Kale & S.V.S. Kale (1973)
  • Coniochaeta haloxyli (Kravtzev) Z.Q. Yuan & Z.Y. Zhao (1993)
  • Coniochaeta hansenii (Oudem.) Cain (1934)
  • Coniochaeta hericium Schwein. ex Cooke (1887)
  • Coniochaeta hoffmannii (J.F.H. Beyma) Z.U. Khan, Gené & Guarro (2013)
  • Coniochaeta iranica S. Nasr, S. Bien & Damm (2018)
  • Coniochaeta krabiensis Dayar. & E.B.G. Jones (2020)
  • Coniochaeta leucoplaca (Sacc.) Cain (1934)
  • Coniochaeta ligniaria (Grev.) Cooke (1887)
  • Coniochaeta lignicola (Nannf.) Z.U. Khan, Gené & Guarro (2013)
  • Coniochaeta lutea A.E. Arnold & A.H. Harr. (2021)
  • Coniochaeta luteorubra (Perdomo, Dania García, Gené, Cano & Guarro) Gené & Guarro (2013)
  • Coniochaeta luteoviridis (J.F.H. Beyma) Z.U. Khan, Gené & Guarro (2013)
  • Coniochaeta magniquadrispora Matsush. (1996)
  • Coniochaeta malacotricha (Auersw. ex Niessl) Traverso (1907)
  • Coniochaeta marina Dayar., S. Tibell, Tibell & K.D. Hyde (2019)
  • Coniochaeta microspora S.M. Reddy & Bilgrami (1969)
  • Coniochaeta mirabilis (Udagawa & Tsub.) Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta mongoliae H.L. Si & Y.M. Su (2021)
  • Coniochaeta montana A.E. Arnold, A.H. Harr., Y.K. Huang, J.M. U'Ren, Massimo, Knight-Connoni & Inderb. (2021)
  • Coniochaeta multispora Cain (1934)
  • Coniochaeta mutabilis (J.F.H. Beyma) Z.U. Khan, Gené & Guarro (2013)
  • Coniochaeta myricariae (Fuckel) Arx & E. Müll. (1954)
  • Coniochaeta navarrae Friebes, Jaklitsch, S. García & Voglmayr (2016)
  • Coniochaeta nepalica Minoura, Morinaga & T. Muroi (1977)
  • Coniochaeta niesslii (Auersw.) Cooke (1887)
  • Coniochaeta nigerrima Peyronel (1918)
  • Coniochaeta nivea A.E. Arnold, A.H. Harr., Y.K. Huang, J.M. U'Ren, Massimo, Knight-Connoni & Inderb. (2021)
  • Coniochaeta nuciformis (Guarro, Gené, Al-Bader & Abdullah) Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta ornata Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta ostrea (Malloch & Cain) Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta ovata Matsush. (1971)
  • Coniochaeta palaoa A.E. Arnold, A.H. Harr., Inderb. & Knight-Connoni (2021)
  • Coniochaeta parasitica G.C. Zhao & R.L. Zhao (2012)
  • Coniochaeta perangusta Udagawa & Y. Sugiy. (1982)
  • Coniochaeta phalacrocarpa G.C. Carroll & Munk (1964)
  • Coniochaeta philocoproides (Griffiths) Cain (1934)
  • Coniochaeta pilifera (A. Bayer) N. Lundq. (1992)
  • Coniochaeta polymegasperma M.J. Richardson (1998)
  • Coniochaeta polymorpha Z.U. Khan, Guarro & Suh. Ahmad (2013)
  • Coniochaeta polysperma Furuya & Udagawa (1976)
  • Coniochaeta proteae Marinc., M.J. Wingf. & Crous (2008)
  • Coniochaeta prunicola Damm & Crous (2010)
  • Coniochaeta pulveracea (Ehrh. ex Pers.) Munk (1948)
  • Coniochaeta punctulata (Udagawa & Furuya) Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta renispora J.L. Crane & Shearer (1995)
  • Coniochaeta rhopalochaeta A.I. Romero & Carmarán (1999)
  • Coniochaeta rosae Wanas., Gafforov, E.B.G. Jones & K.D. Hyde (2018)
  • Coniochaeta saccardoi (Marchal) Cain (1934)
  • Coniochaeta salicifolia A.B. Sharma & Dearnaley (2021)
  • Coniochaeta sarothamni (J. Schröt.) Arx & E. Müll. (1954)
  • Coniochaeta savoryi (C. Booth) Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta scatigena (Berk. & Broome) Cain (1934)
  • Coniochaeta simbalensis S. Rana & S.K. Singh (2019)
  • Coniochaeta sinensis H.L. Si & Y.M. Su (2021)
  • Coniochaeta sordaria (Fr.) Petr. (1953)
  • Coniochaeta sphaeroidea Lar.N. Vassiljeva (1998)
  • Coniochaeta subcorticalis (Fuckel) Cooke (1887)
  • Coniochaeta taeniospora (Sacc.) Friebes, Jaklitsch & Voglmayr (2016)
  • Coniochaeta tetraspora Cain (1961)
  • Coniochaeta tilakii S.B. Kale (1968)
  • Coniochaeta trivialis N. Lundq. (1981)
  • Coniochaeta vagans (De Not.) N. Lundq. (1981)
  • Coniochaeta velutina (Fuckel) Cooke (1887)
  • Coniochaeta velutinosa Asgari & Zare (2006)
  • Coniochaeta verticillata (Emden) Dania García, Stchigel & Guarro (2006)
  • Coniochaeta vineae S.K. Huang, T.C. Wen & K.D. Hyde (2020)
  • Coniochaeta williamsii Hansf. (1954)
  • Coniochaeta xinjiangensis J.H. Kong & T.Y. Zhang (2017)
  • Coniochaeta xylariispora (Cooke & Ellis) Cooke (1887)

Former species;[7]

  • C. brassicae (P. Crouan & H. Crouan) Cooke (1887) = Cladorrhinum olerum, Podosporaceae family
  • C. calva (Tode) Popuschoj (1971) = Lasiosphaeria calva, Lasiosphaeriaceae
  • C. canina (Deanna A. Sutton, Gené & Cano) Deanna A. Sutton, Gené & Cano (2013) = Lecythophora canina, Coniochaetaceae
  • C. capillifera (Curr.) Cooke (1888) = Hypocopra capillifera, Xylariaceae
  • C. elaeidicola (Henn.) C. Moreau & M. Moreau (1949) = Stilbohypoxylon elaeidicola, Xylariaceae
  • C. ershadii Zare, Asgari & W. Gams (2007) = Coniolariella ershadii, Xylariaceae
  • C. hypoxylina (Ces.) Lar.N. Vassiljeva (1998) = Stilbohypoxylon hypoxylinum, Xylariaceae
  • C. gamsii Asgari & Zare (2006) = Coniolariella limonispora, Xylariaceae
  • C. nodulisporioides D. Hawksw. (1978) = Coniocessia nodulisporioides, Coniocessiaceae
  • C. obliquata (Sommerf.) Minter (2007) = Rosellinia obliquata, Xylariaceae
  • C. pilosella (P. Karst.) Cooke (1887) = Capronia pilosella, Herpotrichiellaceae
  • C. polyspora (W. Phillips & Plowr.) N. Lundq. (1992) = Sordaria polyspora, Sordariaceae
  • C. queenslandiae Henn. (1903) = Rosellinia queenslandiae, Xylariaceae
  • C. sanguinolenta (Wallr.) Checa, Barrasa & G. Moreno (1988) = Helminthosphaeria sanguinolenta, Helminthosphaeriaceae

References
  1. Damm, U; Fourie, PH; Crous, PW (June 2010). "Coniochaeta (Lecythophora), Collophora gen. nov. and Phaeomoniella species associated with wood necroses of Prunus trees". Persoonia. 24: 60–80. doi:10.3767/003158510x500705. PMC 2890157. PMID 20664761.
  2. Harrington, A; Olmo-Ruiz, M; U'Ren, J; Garcia, K; Pignatta, D; Wespe, N; Sandberg, D; Huang, Y; Hoffman, M; Arnold, A (July 2019). "Coniochaeta endophytica sp. nov., a foliar endophyte associated with healthy photosynthetic tissue of Platycladus orientalis (Cupressaceae)". Plant and Fungal Systematics. 64 (1): 65–79. doi:10.2478/pfs-2019-0008.
  3. Khan, Ziauddin; Gené, J; Ahmad, S; Cano, J; Al-Sweih, N; Joseph, L; Chandy, R; Guarro, J (Aug 2013). "Coniochaeta polymorpha, a new species from endotracheal aspirate of a preterm neonate, and transfer of Lecythophora species to Coniochaeta". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 104 (2): 243–52. doi:10.1007/s10482-013-9943-z. PMID 23748934.
  4. Weber, E (2002). "The Lecythophora-Coniochaeta complex I. Morphological studies on Lecythophora species isolated from Picea abies". Nova Hedwigia. 74: 159–185. doi:10.1127/0029-5035/2002/0074-0159.
  5. Weber E, Go¨rke C, Begerow D (2002) The Lecythophora/Coniochaeta complex II. Molecular studies based on sequences of the large subunit of ribosomal DNA. Nova Hedwigia 74:187–200
  6. Coniochaeta extramundana, with a Synopsis of Other Coniochaeta Species. D. P. Mahoney and J. S. LaFavre Mycologia Vol. 73, No. 5 (Sep. - Oct., 1981), pp. 931-952
  7. "Coniochaeta - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
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