Chukotsky District

Also known as Ыӄынин/Yqynin (Chukchi) and Ыӄыт/Yqyt (Yupik) (lit. seven yurts in Yupik & cold/chilly in Chukchi).[20][18] In 1927, it had a population of eighty-four.[21] This had grown to 165 by 1943 and shrunk to 153 by 1950.[21] In the 1960s, it was abolished and its population moved to Lorino.[18][22] The hunting camp of Akkani (two houses, 6 cabins) has been temporarily inhabited by hunters and their families from Lorino since the closure of the Akkani settlement in the 1960s; mostly used during the spring and summer hunting season. Sea mammal hunting site: Protected cove for boat landing; bluff at a cape overlooking two bays; the surroundings of the Akkani cape are ice free early and late in the season; close to a preferred walrus watch-out west of Cape Kriguygu; close to berry and plant gathering areas.

Also known as Чегтун/Chegtun (Chukchi) and Сахтуӄ/Sahtuq (Yupik) (lit. straighten in Yupik, from сахтуӄ "straightening up", сахтаӄа "straightens").[20][18] Its population grew from 73 in 1927 to 124 (including four non-native people) in 1943.[18] It was abolished by 1957 at the earliest, when the inhabitants were moved to Inchoun.[18]

Also called Каӈисӄаӄ/Kaṇisqaq (Yupik; from каӈиӄ "bay") and Кэӈисӄун/Kėṇisqun (Chukchi),[20] old Chukchi Valkatlian, Enmytagin, and Mikhaylovsky throughout its history. During Soviet times, until its closure in 1951, Dezhnyovo was an important outpost of the Uelen state farm (linked by tractor transport). It was used as a border guard station until 1994. Several remaining cabins are occasionally used by hunting parties. The sheltered bay presents an excellent sea mammal hunting location.[18] The village was formed in 1902 around a trading post run by Olaf Svenson (North-East Siberia Co.) and the Karayev Brothers (Churin & Co.) until 1931, renamed 'Red Star' but closed 1951 with the population moved to Uelen.[22]

Also known as Ӄытрыткын/Qytrytkyn (Chukchi),[20][18] Kytryn,[21] and Ӄытжын/Qytžyn (Yupik).[20] It was extremely close to Lorino and was eventually absorbed by it.

Also known as Йиԓен/Yiḷen (Chukchi; from йиԓьэйиԓ "arctic ground squirrel").[20] Another village in the Mechigmen Bay area[21] Like Mechigmen, it was established in order to hunt Gray whales.[18]

Also known as Кукъун/Kukʺun (Chukchi; from кукъу/кокъо "edible plant") and Кукун/Kukun.[20] Kukun is a village analogous to Ilyan.[18]

Also known as Мэчивмэн/Mėchivmėn (Chukchi; lit. "bay bar", "bay").[20] A small locality on the north shore of the Mechigmen Bay.[18] In 1927, it had a population of twenty-seven,[21] though it is not certain whether this count is of the population of Mechgmen proper or of Raupelian[18] (also known as Rawpialaane and Ravpelian[18]) a village on the northern spit of the Mechigmen Bay, across the water from the village of Masik in Providensky District. By 1950, it was under the jurisdiction of Lorinsky Selsoviet.[18]

Also called Мытӄуӷлаӄ/Mytquǥlaq (Yupik) and Миткулино/Mitkulino (Russian)[20] it was a small locality of 27 residents in 1927.[18] Its name derives from the Chukchi word "Mytkuvḷen", meaning "much oil/blubber" (from мыт- "grease", кув- "many"), due to the fact that the coast here has a concave bend where the current washes ashore dead whales and walrus which were used for oil and dog food.[22]

Also known as Нууӄан/Nuuqan (Chukchi) and Нывуӄаӄ/Nyvuqaq (Yupik).[18] Its name derives from the Naukan Yupik word "Nyvuqaq", meaning "cespitose" (from нывуӄ "turf, sod"). This village was a cultural center of the Naukan Yupik and developed its own branch of the language (Naukan Yupik).[23] Naukan, situated on the easternmost point of the Chukotsky Peninsula, was a key trading post linking those Chukchi who engaged in reindeer herding in the tundra and American sea hunters.[24] The Chukchi herders provided meat and skins, while their Alaskan partners provided blubber and American goods.[24] In 1947, Naukan received the families resettled from Ratmanov (Big Diomede). In 2004 an orthodox cross was erected next to Deshnov’s monument. Warm micro-climate: People from Uelen occasionally go to Naukan to gather wild onions.[18] It was a major center of Eskimo culture until closed in 1958 by Soviet authorities, people moved to Nunyamo, Pinakul, Lavrentiya, Uelen.[22]

Also known as Нунама/Nunama (Yupik) and Нунъэмун/Nunʺėmun (Chukchi),[20][18] this locality was populated solely by Chukchi until 1958,[21] having been previously a Yupik village in the 18th century as evidenced by old ruins and archeological finds.[22] In 1958, following the closure of Naukan, the village became a mixed Chukchi/Yupik settlement until 1970,[18] when the population were moved to Lorino, Lavrentiya, and Uelen.[21]

Also known as Пиӽтуӄ/Piḥtuq (Yupik) and Пуʼутэн/Puʼutėn (Chukchi).[20][21] Its name derives from the Chukchi word пуэʼпуй or пуйъэпуй (puėʼpuy/puyʺėpuy), meaning "soot".[20] This is a site of two villages (Pouten North and Pouten South) and was occasionally used as a border guard station.[22] In pre-Soviet times, American geologists extracted graphite from shaft mines in the surrounding mountains and the pigments extracted were used by the indigenous population for decoration and ritual activity[25] The site is still used by local people as a stopping point and a shelter on fishing trips.[25] The southern village's population was moved to Lorino, while the northern village's population was moved to Uelen. People from these settlements still use the site as a temporary camp.[18]

Also known as Чечаӈэн/Čečaṇėn (Chukchi) and Сисаӈиӄ/Sisaṇiq (Yupik).[20] Seshan had 114 residents in 1940, all bar one of whom were indigenous.[18] Assumed to have been closed in the 1950s.[22]

Also known as Тойгуӈынӷуӄ/Toyguṇynǥuq (Yupik) and Тойвыӈынвын/Toyvyṇynvyn (Chukchi).[20] A locality of 89 residents between 1946 and 1950 that had grown from just 13 in 1927.[18] It was located five miles east of Cape Dzhenretlen and was established in the early 20th century by American gold prospectors based there who built wooden houses. Its name derives from the Chukchi word Toyvyngynvyn, meaning "new fortress/wooden house".[22]

Also known as Яндагай/Yandagay (Russian), Янраӈай/Yanraṇay (Chukchi) and Янраӈаӄ/Yanraṇaq (Yupik)[20][21] (not to be confused with Yanranay in Chaunsky District), and Yanranak.[18] This was a locality on the southwest entrance to Saint Lawrence Bay between Akkani and Kotrytkino.[22] In 1927, it had a population of 169, falling to 117 in 1950.[18] In the 1950s, it was abolished and its population moved to Lorino.[18]