Chromium(III) perchlorate

Chromium(III) perchlorate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cr(ClO4)3. It's hexahydrate Cr(ClO4)3·6H2O is a cyan solid that dissolves in water.

Chromium(III) perchlorate
Names
Other names
Chromium(III) perchlorate; Chromium triperchlorate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
EC Number
  • 236-905-4
  • InChI=1S/3ClHO4.Cr/c3*2-1(3,4)5;/h3*(H,2,3,4,5);/q;;;+3/p-3
    Key: ZKJMJQVGBCLHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-K
  • hexahydrate: InChI=1S/3ClHO4.Cr.6H2O/c3*2-1(3,4)5;;;;;;;/h3*(H,2,3,4,5);;6*1H2/q;;;+3;;;;;;/p-3
    Key: AWECJTDFTJYSGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K
  • [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[Cr+3]
  • hexahydrate: O.O.O.O.O.O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[Cr+3]
Properties
Cr(ClO4)3
Molar mass 350.3489
Appearance cyan solid
anhydrous: 58 g/100 mL (25 °C)
hexahydrate: 130 g/100 mL (20 °C)[1]
Solubility soluble in ethanol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 poisonous
GHS labelling:[2]
GHS05: CorrosiveGHS08: Health hazard
Danger
H271, H315, H319, H335
Related compounds
Related compounds
 chromium(III) chloride
chromium chlorate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Preparation

Chromium perchlorate can prepared by reacting chromium(III) oxide or chromium(III) hydroxide with perchloric acid:

Cr2O3 + 6HClO4 → 2Cr(ClO4)3 + 3H2O

Hydrates

Chromium perchlorate has many hydrates, such as the hexahydrate Cr(ClO4)3·6H2O[1] and a nonahydrate Cr(ClO4)3·9H2O.[3] All of them are cyan substances that are soluble in water.

  • Cr(ClO4)3 will react with NH3 in suitable conditions to form an orange hexammine complex Cr(ClO4)3·6NH3.[4] Other compounds with the general formula Cr(ClO4)3(NH3)x are also known. When x = 3, this compound is red, when x = 4 or 5, it is orange.[5] The hexammine complex will explode.[5]
  • Cr(ClO4)3 can also form complexes with N2H4, such as purple Cr(ClO4)3·2N2H4.[6]
  • Cr(ClO4)3 can also form complexes with urea (CO(NH2)2), such as Cr(ClO4)3·6CO(NH2)2 with a hexagonal structure.[7]

References
  1. William M. Haynes, ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (97 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 4–57. ISBN 9781498754293.
  2. Elements, American. "Chromium Perchlorate Hexahydrate". American Elements. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  3. Chromium Perchlorate
  4. Handbook of inorganic substances 2017 – Google Sách.
  5. Macintyre, Jane E. (23 July 1992). Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 3278. ISBN 978-0-412-30120-9.
  6. chemistry-chemists.com (PDF) https://web.archive.org/web/20200326015850/http://chemistry-chemists.com/chemister/Neorganika/inorganic-hydrazine-derivatives-2014.pdf. Archived from the original on 2020-03-26. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. Barbieri, G. A. (17 September 1913). "Über Eisen-Harnstoffverbindungen" (PDF). Chemisches Zentralblatt (12): 1035.
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