Bu'ale District
Bu'ale or Bu'aale (Somali: Bu'aale) is an agricultural city located in Middle Juba (Jubada dhexe) region of Somalia and the capital city of Jubaland state of Somalia.
Bu'ale District | |
|---|---|
Capital city of Jubaland | |
  Location in Jubaland, Somalia. | |
| Coordinates: 1°5′0″N 42°35′0″E | |
| Country |  Somalia |
| Region | Middle Juba |
| District | Bu'ale |
| Area | |
| • Total | 30 km2 (10 sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |
History
During the Middle Ages, Bu'aale and its surrounding area was part of the Ajuran Empire that governed much of southern Somalia and eastern Ethiopia, with its domain extending from Hobyo in the north, to Qelafo in the west, to Kismayo in the south.[1]
In the early modern period, Bu'aale was ruled by the Geledi Sultanate. The kingdom was eventually incorporated into Italian Somaliland protectorate in 1910 after the death of the last Sultan Osman Ahmed.[2] After independence in 1960, the city was made the center of the official Bu'ale
Geography
Location
Bu'aale is located in the fertile Juba Valley in southeastern Somalia. Nearby settlements include to the northeast Xamareyso (5.0 nm), to the north Dalxiiska (1.3 nm), to the northwest Qeyla Dheere (6.4 nm), to the west Saamogia (0.9 nm), to the southwest Iach Bulle (17.0 nm), and to the south Qandal (7.5 nm).[3] The largest cities in the country most proximate to Bu'aale are Jamaame (22 km), Jilib (97 km), and Merca (337 km).[4]
Places adjacent to Bu'ale District | ||||||||||||||||
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Climate
Bu'aale has a hot arid climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), despite receiving around 375 millimetres or 15 inches of rainfall per year, due to the extremely high potential evapotranspiration. Weather is hot year-round, with seasonal monsoon winds and irregular rainfall with recurring droughts. The gu rains, also known as the Southwest Monsoons, begin in April and last until July producing significant fresh water and allowing lush vegetation to grow. The gu season is followed by the xagaa (hagaa) dry season.
| Climate data for Kismayo | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.8 (89.2) |
33.1 (91.6) |
34.0 (93.2) |
37.8 (100.0) |
34.0 (93.2) |
34.0 (93.2) |
32.3 (90.1) |
32.4 (90.3) |
30.3 (86.5) |
31.5 (88.7) |
32.2 (90.0) |
33.0 (91.4) |
37.8 (100.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 29.6 (85.3) |
29.9 (85.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.8 (89.2) |
30.4 (86.7) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.0 (82.4) |
28.3 (82.9) |
28.6 (83.5) |
29.5 (85.1) |
30.5 (86.9) |
30.5 (86.9) |
29.7 (85.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.1 (80.8) |
27.3 (81.1) |
28.2 (82.8) |
28.6 (83.5) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.1 (79.0) |
25.6 (78.1) |
25.7 (78.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
26.8 (80.2) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.5 (81.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 24.2 (75.6) |
24.5 (76.1) |
25.4 (77.7) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
23.5 (74.3) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.3 (73.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
24.0 (75.2) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.2 (75.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 21.0 (69.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
23.0 (73.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
21.0 (69.8) |
19.0 (66.2) |
21.0 (69.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
22.4 (72.3) |
22.5 (72.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
19.0 (66.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1 (0.0) |
1 (0.0) |
3 (0.1) |
39 (1.5) |
111 (4.4) |
89 (3.5) |
52 (2.0) |
21 (0.8) |
21 (0.8) |
15 (0.6) |
17 (0.7) |
3 (0.1) |
374 (14.7) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 9 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 43 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 77 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 79 | 78 | 78 | 77 | 77 | 78 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 235.6 | 226.0 | 248.0 | 210.0 | 257.3 | 207.0 | 192.2 | 251.1 | 225.0 | 248.0 | 225.0 | 217.0 | 2,742.2 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 7.6 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 8.3 | 6.9 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 7.5 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 64 | 73 | 69 | 62 | 59 | 57 | 56 | 62 | 64 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 64 |
| Source 1: Deutscher Wetterdienst[5] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (percent sunshine)[6] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
Bu'ale is mainly inhabited by Dabare and Ajuuraan
References
- Lee V. Cassanelli (1982) The shaping of Somali society: reconstructing the history of a pastoral people, 1600-1900. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 102. ISBN 9780812278323
- Cassanelli, Lee Vincent (1973). The Benaadir Past: Essays in Southern Somali History. University Microfilms International. p. 149.
- "Kismaayo, Somalia Page". Falling Rain.
- "Kismayo (Chisimayu, Kismayu)". Weather-Forecast. Retrieved 7 June 2013.
- "Klimatafel von Chisimaio (Kismayu) / Somalia" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 24 October 2016.
- "Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia". Food and Agriculture Organization. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2016.