Geresh (trope)
Geresh (Hebrew: גֵּ֜רֵשׁ, with variant English spellings) is a cantillation mark found in the Torah, Haftarah, and other books of the Hebrew Bible. It is most often found together with the Kadma, in which case the pair is known as Kadma-V'Azla, but it can also be found independently, in which case it is referred to as Azla Geresh or simply as Geresh.
| Geresh | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
| cantillation | |||||||
| Sof passuk | ׃ | paseq | ׀ | ||||
| etnakhta/atnakh | ֑ | segol | ֒ | ||||
| shalshelet | ֓ | zaqef qaton | ֔ | ||||
| zaqef gadol | ֕ | tifcha/tarkha | ֖ | ||||
| rivia/ravia’ | ֗ | zarqa | ֘ | ||||
| pashta | ֙ | yetiv | ֚ | ||||
| tevir | ֛ | geresh/gerish | ֜ | ||||
| geresh muqdam | ֝ | gershayim/shenei gereshin | ֞ | ||||
| arney parah | ֟ | telisha gedola/ga’ya talsha | ֠ | ||||
| pazer (gadol) | ֡ | atnah hafukh | ֢ | ||||
| munakh/shofar holekh | ֣ | mahapakh/shofar mehupakh | ֤ | ||||
| merkha/ma’arikh | ֥ | merkha kefula/terei ta’amei | ֦ | ||||
| darga | ֧ | qadma | ֨ | ||||
| telisha qetana/tarsa | ֩ | yerah ben yomo | ֪ | ||||
| ole | ֫ | illuy | ֬ | ||||
| dehi | ֭ | zinor | ֮ | ||||
The Geresh occurs 1733 times in the Torah in the Kadma-V'Azla pair, and 1112 times separately.[1]
The Hebrew word גֵּ֜רֵשׁ translates into English as driving out.
Total occurrences
| Book | Geresh | Azla |
|---|---|---|
| Torah | 1112[1] | 1733[1] |
| Genesis | 244[1] | 427[1] |
| Exodus | 228[1] | 373[1] |
| Leviticus | 175[1] | 307[1] |
| Numbers | 223[1] | 393[1] |
| Deuteronomy | 242[1] | 413[1] |
| Nevi'im | 957[2] | 1492[2] |
| Ketuvim | 780[2] | 1240[2] |
Melody
Ashkenazi:
References
- Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1 By James D. Price, page 6
- Concordance of the Hebrew accents in the Hebrew Bible: Concordance ..., Volume 1 By James D. Price, page 5
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