Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi of Ava

Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi of Ava (Burmese: အတုလ သီရိ မဟာရာဇ ဒေဝီ, pronounced [ʔətṵla̰ θìɹḭ məhà jàza̰ dèwì]; Pali: Atulasirimahārājadevī; also known as Atula Maha Dhamma Yaza Dewi) was the chief queen consort of King Narapati I of Ava from 1442 to 1468. She was the mother of King Thihathura of Ava and King Thado Minsaw of Prome,[1] and a maternal aunt of King Leik Munhtaw of Hanthawaddy. King Alaungpaya, the founder of the Konbaung dynasty, was a tenth generation descendant of the queen.[2]

This article is about a queen consort of Ava. For Bayinnaung's chief queen, see Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi.
Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi
အတုလ သီရိ မဟာရာဇ ဒေဝီ
Chief queen consort of Ava
Tenure25 April 1442 – 24 July 1468
PredecessorMin Hla Nyet
SuccessorAmeitta Thiri Maha Dhamma Dewi
Born1410s
Pagan (Bagan)
Diedc. 1470s
Ava (Inwa)
SpouseNarapati of Ava
Issue3 sons and 5 daughters:
Thihathura
Shwe Einthe of Twinthin
Min Hla Htut of Sagaing
Mingyi Swa of Prome
Bodaw Me of Kale
Min Mya Htut of Pakhan
Thado Minsaw of Prome
Min Taya Medaw of Pinle
HouseMohnyin
FatherThinkhaya of Pagan
MotherSaw Min Pu
ReligionTheravada Buddhism

She became the queen dowager in 1468 after her husband died from a stab wound by one of her grandsons. She instigated a rebellion by Toungoo (Taungoo) when her son Thihathura, who was now king, failed to punish the grandson.

Brief

She was the chief consort of Narapati (then known as Thihathu), Viceroy of Prome, from 1429 to 1442. The family moved to Ava (Inwa) in 1442 when her husband succeeded the throne.[3] The couple had to flee Ava 25 years later in June 1467 after Thado Kyaw, one of their grandsons, stabbed Narapati, They never returned to Ava. The king never fully recovered from the stab wound, and died a year later at Prome.[4] She was shocked when her son Thihathura, who was now king, failed to punish his son Thado Kyaw. She nursed a grudge, and in 1470, instigated Letya Zeya Thingyan, Viceroy of Toungoo, to revolt. The rebellion however failed. The chronicles do not say whether or not the queen dowager was punished by her son the king.[5]

Ancestry

The queen was the youngest child of Saw Min Pu and Gov. Thinkhaya of Pagan.[6] She was descended from the Pagan royal line—she was a great-granddaughter of King Kyawswa of Pagan. She was a half cousin as well as niece of King Minkhaung I of Ava[note 1] although she was about four decades younger. She had four siblings. Her eldest sibling Saw Shwe Khet was viceroy of Prome (Pyay) from 1417 to 1422 and from 1442 to 1446.[3] Her elder sister Soe Min Wimala Dewi was queen of Hanthawaddy Pegu.[7]

Family

She and Narapati had three sons and five daughters.

Issue Notes
Thihathura of Ava King of Ava (r. 1468–1480)
Shwe Einthe of Twinthin Duchess of Twinthin, second wife of Thihapate II of Pakhan
Min Hla Htut of Sagaing Duchess of Sagaing
Mingyi Swa of Prome Viceroy of Prome (r. 1446–1482)
Bodaw Me of Kale Duchess of Kale
Min Mya Htut of Pakhan Duchess of Pakhan, third wife of Thihapate II of Pakhan
Thado Minsaw of Prome King of Prome (r. 1482–1527)
Min Taya Medaw of Pinle Duchess of Pinle

Notes
  1. Hmannan (Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 82) says Thinkhaya of Pagan was the youngest paternal uncle of King Minkhaung I. But Thinkhaya could not have been a full paternal uncle since Minkhaung's father Swa Saw Ke did not have any full younger brothers. It means Thinkhaya was born to a junior wife of Min Shin Saw of Thayet. Moreover (Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 74) says she was also a niece of Minkhaung I.

References
  1. Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 83–84
  2. Letwe Nawrahta 1961: 12
  3. Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 82
  4. Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 97–99
  5. Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 100–101
  6. Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 73–74
  7. Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 74

Bibliography
  • Letwe Nawrahta and Twinthin Taikwun (c. 1770). Hla Thamein (ed.). Alaungpaya Ayedawbon (in Burmese) (1961 ed.). Ministry of Culture, Union of Burma.
  • Maha Sithu (2012) [1798]. Myint Swe; Kyaw Win; Thein Hlaing (eds.). Yazawin Thit (in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2nd printing ed.). Yangon: Ya-Pyei Publishing.
  • Royal Historical Commission of Burma (1832). Hmannan Yazawin (in Burmese). Vol. 1–3 (2003 ed.). Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar.
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