Amazonic Spanish

Amazonic Spanish (español amazónico), also known as Charapa Spanish, Loreto-Ucayali Spanish or Jungle Spanish (español de la selva), is a variety of Spanish spoken in the Amazon, especially in the Peruvian provinces of Loreto, San Martín and Ucayali. Amazonic Spanish is also spoken in areas of Brazil adjoining Loreto and Ucayali and in the Amazonas Department of Colombia.[2][1][3]

Amazonic Spanish
español amazónico, español de la selva
Pronunciation[espaˈɲol amaˈsoniko], [espaˈɲol de la ˈselβa]
Native toPeru
RegionLoreto River, Ucayali River
Native speakers
2,700 (2011)[1]
Early forms
Language codes
ISO 639-3spq
Glottologlore1243  Peruvian Amazonian Spanish
Spanish language
A manuscript of the Cantar de mio Cid, 13th century
Overview
History
Grammar
Dialects
Dialectology
Interlanguages
Teaching

Distinctive features

Morphosyntax

One of the distinguishing features of Amazonic Spanish is the method of constructing the possessive form: speakers say "de la X su Y" (of the X its Y), instead of standard Spanish "la Y de X" (the Y of X).[3][4] Another distinctive grammatical feature is the use of possessive forms in place of certain genitive forms; compare standard Spanish "Le preguntó a la yaminahua delante de mí" (He asked the Yaminahua woman in front of me) with the Loreto-Ucayali "Le preguntó a la yaminahua en mi delante" (He asked the Yaminahua woman in my front).[5]

Personal names are prefixed with a definite article (el or la, depending on the gender).[3]

Phonology

/x/ and especially the sequence /xw/ are frequently realized as [f] (as in Juana [ˈfana]).[3]

Amazonic Spanish also incorporates words and expressions borrowed from local indigenous languages.

Status

Amazonic Spanish is classified as a separate language from standard Spanish by Ethnologue, with its own ISO 639-3 code: spq.[1]

References
  1. Amazonic Spanish at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) closed access
  2. Castro-Gómez, S. and Grosfoguel, R. (2007) El giro decolonial Siglo del Hombre Editores, page 170.
  3. Spanish in Brazil, http://www.spanish-in-the-world.net/Spanish/brasil.php Archived 2013-05-29 at the Wayback Machine
  4. Situacion linguistica del Peru L2: http://separatasudep.blogspot.com/2007/11/situacion-linguistica-del-per-l2.html
  5. Marcone, Jorge (1997). La oralidad escrita: sobre la reivindicación y re-inscripción del discurso oral (in Spanish). Fondo Editorial PUCP. ISBN 978-9972-42-026-9.
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