411 BC
Year 411 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Mugillanus and Rutilus (or, less frequently, year 343 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 411 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
| Millennium: | 1st millennium BC |
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| 411 BC by topic |
| Politics |
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| Gregorian calendar | 411 BC CDX BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 343 |
| Ancient Egypt era | XXVII dynasty, 115 |
| - Pharaoh | Darius II of Persia, 13 |
| Ancient Greek era | 92nd Olympiad, year 2 |
| Assyrian calendar | 4340 |
| Balinese saka calendar | N/A |
| Bengali calendar | −1003 |
| Berber calendar | 540 |
| Buddhist calendar | 134 |
| Burmese calendar | −1048 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5098–5099 |
| Chinese calendar | 己巳年 (Earth Snake) 2286 or 2226 — to — 庚午年 (Metal Horse) 2287 or 2227 |
| Coptic calendar | −694 – −693 |
| Discordian calendar | 756 |
| Ethiopian calendar | −418 – −417 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3350–3351 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | −354 – −353 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2690–2691 |
| Holocene calendar | 9590 |
| Iranian calendar | 1032 BP – 1031 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 1064 BH – 1063 BH |
| Javanese calendar | N/A |
| Julian calendar | N/A |
| Korean calendar | 1923 |
| Minguo calendar | 2322 before ROC 民前2322年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −1878 |
| Thai solar calendar | 132–133 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴土蛇年 (female Earth-Snake) −284 or −665 or −1437 — to — 阳金马年 (male Iron-Horse) −283 or −664 or −1436 |
Events
Greece
- June 9 – The democracy of Athens is overthrown by the oligarchic extremists, Antiphon, Theramenes, Peisander and Phrynichus in an effort by the oligarchists to exert more control over the conduct of the war with Sparta and its allies. A "Council of Four Hundred" is set up. The total defeat of the Athenian expedition to Sicily and the consequent revolts of many of the subject-allies has weakened Athenian finances severely; the acknowledged purpose of the revolutionary movement is to revise the constitution to better run Athens' finances. However, its rule is high-handed and the Council of Four Hundred is only able to maintain itself for four months.
- When a mutiny breaks out amongst the troops who are fortifying Piraeus (the harbour for Athens), the Council sends Theramenes to quell it. Instead, he puts himself at the head of the mutineers. After Phrynichus, the leader of the extremists, is assassinated, an ensuing meeting of the Athenian Assembly deposes the Council and restores the traditional constitution, but restricts some of the privileges of citizenship to a body called the Five Thousand. The Assembly resumes its old form in being a committee of all citizens.
- The Athenian navy under Thrasybulus recalls Alcibiades from Sardis. Alcibiades' election is confirmed by the Athenians at the request of Theramenes. A Spartan fleet in the Hellespont at Cynossema is then defeated by an Athenian fleet commanded by Thrasybulus and Alcibiades.
- Antiphon defends himself in a speech Thucydides describes as the greatest ever made by a man on trial for his life. Nevertheless, Antiphon is unable to persuade his accusers and he is executed for treason.
Literature
- Euripides' play Iphigenia in Tauris is performed.
- Aristophanes' plays Lysistrata and Women Celebrating the Thesmophoria are performed.
Deaths
- Antiphon, Athenian politician and orator (b. 480 BC)
- Phrynichus, Athenian general (assassinated)
References
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