10th Chess Olympiad

The 10th Chess Olympiad (Finnish: 10. Shakkiolympialaiset; Swedish: Den 10:e Schackolympiad), organized by the FIDE and comprising an open[1] team tournament, as well as several other events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between August 9 and August 31, 1952, in Helsinki, Finland.

Finnish stamp dedicated to the 1952 Chess Olympiad

The Olympiad was especially notable for the debut of the Soviet team, who instantly won their first gold medals and went on to completely dominate the Olympiads for the next four decades.

After the tournament, it was generally agreed that the small preliminary and final groups of only 8–9 teams left too much open to chance, since a single blunder would have an impact too big on the final standings. Consequently, FIDE decided that in the future, no final should have less than 12 participants.

Results

Preliminaries

Twenty-five teams entered the competition and were divided into three preliminary groups of eight or nine teams. The top three from each group advanced to Final A, the teams placed fourth-sixth to Final B, and the rest to Final C. All groups and finals were played as round-robin tournaments.

Group 1 was won by Argentina, ahead of West Germany and Czechoslovakia. England, Denmark, and Cuba took the following places, while Iceland, Saar, and Luxembourg finished in the bottom third.

Sweden took first place in group 2, ahead of Hungary and Yugoslavia. East Germany, Austria, and Italy took places four through six, while Brazil and Norway finished seventh and eighth.

Group 3 was won by the Soviet Union, well ahead of the United States and the Finnish hosts. Israel, the Netherlands, and Poland took the following places, while Switzerland and Greece finished at the bottom.

Group 1

Final Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + − = Points
«A» Argentina - 2 2 3½ 3½ 3½ 3½ 3½ 4 6 0 2 25½
«A» West Germany 2 - 2 2½ 2½ 3½ 2½ 4 4 6 0 2 23
«A» Czechoslovakia 2 2 - 2½ 3 3½ 2½ 3 4 6 0 2 22½
«B» England ½ 1½ 1½ - 2 2 2½ 4 4 3 3 2 18
«B» Denmark ½ 1½ 1 2 - 2 1½ 3 4 2 4 2 15½
«B» Cuba ½ ½ ½ 2 2 - 2½ 2½ 3½ 3 3 2 14
«C» Iceland ½ 1½ 1½ 1½ 2½ 1½ - 1½ 2 1 6 1 12½
«C» Saar ½ 0 1 0 1 1½ 2½ - 4 2 6 0 10½
«C» Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0 ½ 2 0 - 0 7 1 2½

Group 2

Final Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + − = Points
«A» Sweden - 2 2 3½ 2 3½ 4 4 4 0 3 21
«A» Hungary 2 - 2½ 2½ 4 3 4 2½ 6 0 1 20½
«A» Yugoslavia 2 1½ - 3 2½ 3 3 3½ 5 1 1 18½
«B» East Germany ½ 1½ 1 - 3 1½ 2½ 3½ 3 4 0 13½
«B» Austria 2 0 1½ 1 - 2½ 2 2½ 2 3 2 11½
«B» Italy ½ 1 1 2½ 1½ - 1 3½ 2 5 0 11
«C» Brazil 0 0 1 1½ 2 3 - 3 2 4 1 10½
«C» Norway 0 1½ ½ ½ 1½ ½ 1 - 0 7 0 5½

Group 3

Final Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + − = Points
«A» Soviet Union - 3 2½ 3 3½ 4 3½ 4 7 0 0 23½
«A» United States 1 - 1½ 4 1½ 2 4 4 3 3 1 18
«A» Finland 1½ 2½ - 1½ 1½ 3 4 3 4 3 0 17
«B» Israel 1 0 2½ - 2½ 2 4 4 4 2 1 16
«B» Netherlands ½ 2½ 2½ 1½ - 1½ 1½ 3½ 3 4 0 13½
«B» Poland 0 2 1 2 2½ - 2½ 2½ 3 2 2 12½
«C» Switzerland ½ 0 0 0 2½ 1½ - 3 2 5 0 7½
«C» Greece 0 0 1 0 ½ ½ 1 - 0 7 0 4

Final
Final A
#CountryPlayersPoints
1 Soviet UnionKeres, Smyslov, Bronstein, Geller, Boleslavsky, Kotov21
2 ArgentinaNajdorf, J. Bolbochán, Eliskases, Pilnik, Rossetto19½
3 YugoslaviaGligorić, Rabar, Trifunović, Pirc, Fuderer, Milić19
4 CzechoslovakiaFilip, Pachman, Šajtar, Kottnauer, Zíta, Pithart18
5 United StatesReshevsky, Evans, Robert Byrne, Bisguier, Koltanowski, Berliner17
6 HungarySzabó, Barcza, Szily, Flórián, Pogáts, Molnár16
7 SwedenStåhlberg, Stoltz, Lundin, Sköld, Johansson, Danielsson13
8 West GermanyTeschner, Schmid, Pfeiffer, Heinicke, Lange, Rellstab10½
9 FinlandBöök, Ojanen, Kaila, Salo, Fred, Niemelä10
Final B
#CountryPlayersPointsMP
10 NetherlandsVan Scheltinga, Prins, Donner, Cortlever, Kramer, Barendregt21
11 IsraelCzerniak, Oren, Porath, Aloni, Mandelbaum19½
12 PolandTarnowski, Pytlakowski, Plater, Śliwa, Litmanowicz, Grynfeld16½10
13 East GermanyKoch, Pietzsch, Platz, Müller16½7
14 DenmarkEnevoldsen J., Poulsen, Nielsen, Pedersen, Enevoldsen H.16
15 CubaAlemán, Planas, Gonzáles, Cobo Arteaga, Ortega15
16 EnglandGolombek, Penrose, Milner-Barry, Barden, Horne, Hooper14
17 AustriaLokvenc, Poschauko, Beni, Auer, Palda, Keller13
18 ItalyPorreca, Nestler, Scafarelli, Calà, Primavera12½
Final C
#CountryPlayersPointsMPHead-to-head
19 BrazilGerman, Souza Mendes, Mangini, Carvalho jr., Cruz Filho, Vasconcellos18½
20 GreeceGaitanaros, Tsiknopoulos, Mastihiadis, Anagnostou, Sakellaropoulos, Zografakis13½
21 NorwayVestøl, Myhre, Morcken, Rojahn, Ramm, Madsen E.1362½
22  SwitzerlandGrob, Müller, Morel, Bachmann P., Bhend1361½
23 IcelandGilfer, Ólafsson, Johnsen, Sigurðsson, Gíslason, Arnlaugsson12½8
24 SaarLorson, Benkner, Weichselbaumer, Jost F., Jacob12½5
25 LuxembourgDoerner, Levy, Lambert H., Kremer, Barbier1

Final A
Place Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 + − = Points
1 Soviet Union - 2½ 2 2 2 2½ 3 3½ 3½ 5 0 3 21
2 Argentina 1½ - 2½ 1½ 1½ 3 3½ 2½ 3½ 5 3 0 19½
3 Yugoslavia 2 1½ - 2½ 2 3 2½ 3 2½ 5 1 2 19
4 Czechoslovakia 2 2½ 1½ - 2 1½ 2 3 3½ 3 2 3 18
5 United States 2 2½ 2 2 - 2 1½ 3 2 2 1 5 17
6 Hungary 1½ 1 1 2½ 2 - 2½ 2 3½ 3 3 2 16
7 Sweden 1 ½ 1½ 2 2½ 1½ - 2 2 1 4 3 13
8 West Germany ½ 1½ 1 1 1 2 2 - 1½ 0 6 2 10½
9 Finland ½ ½ 1½ ½ 2 ½ 2 2½ - 1 5 2 10

Final B
Place Country 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 + − = Points
10 Netherlands - 2 1½ 2½ 2½ 3½ 3 3 3 6 1 1 21
11 Israel 2 - 2 3 2½ 3 2½ 2 2½ 5 0 3 19½
12 Poland 2½ 2 - 2½ 1½ 2½ 1 2 2½ 4 2 2 16½
13 East Germany 1½ 1 1½ - 2 3 1½ 3 3 3 4 1 16½
14 Denmark 1½ 1½ 2½ 2 - 1½ 2½ 3 1½ 3 4 1 16
15 Cuba ½ 1 1½ 1 2½ - 3 3½ 2 3 4 1 15
16 England 1 1½ 3 2½ 1½ 1 - 1½ 2 2 5 1 14
17 Austria 1 2 2 1 1 ½ 2½ - 3 2 4 2 13
18 Italy 1 1½ 1½ 1 2½ 2 2 1 - 1 5 2 12½

Final C
Place Country 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 + − = Points
19 Brazil - 2½ 2 2½ 4 3½ 4 5 0 1 18½
20 Greece 1½ - 2½ 1½ 1½ 2½ 4 3 0 3 13½
21 Norway 2 1½ - 2½ 1½ 2 3½ 2 2 2 13
22 Switzerland 1½ 2½ 1½ - 1½ 2½ 3½ 3 3 0 13
23 Iceland 0 2½ 2½ 2½ - 1 4 4 2 0 12½
24 Saar ½ 1½ 2 1½ 3 - 4 2 3 1 12½
25 Luxembourg 0 0 ½ ½ 0 0 - 0 6 0 1

Individual medals

References
  1. Although commonly referred to as the men's division, this section is open to both male and female players.
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