< Programming Fundamentals

Overview

C++ is a general-purpose programming language. It has imperative, object-oriented and generic programming features, while also providing facilities for low-level memory manipulation. C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs starting in 1979 as an extension of the C language. The C++ programming language was initially standardized in 1998.[1]

C++ is one of the most popular current programming languages[2] and is often used in computer science courses.

Example

Hello World

// This program displays "Hello world!"
//
// References:
// http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/program_structure/

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::cout << "Hello world!";
}

Output

Hello world!

Discussion

Each code element represents:[3]

  • // begins a comment
  • #include <iostream> includes standard input and output streams
  • int main() begins the main function, which returns an integer value
  • { begins a block of code
  • std::cout is standard output
  • << directs the next element to standard output
  • "Hello world!" is the literal string to be displayed
  • ; ends each line of C++ code
  • } ends a block of code

C++ IDEs

There are many free cloud-based and local IDEs available to begin coding in C++. Check with your instructor or do your own research for recommendations.

Cloud-Based IDEs

Local IDEs

References

  1. ↑ Wikipedia: C++
  2. ↑ TIOBE: Index
  3. ↑ Programming Fundamentals/Hello World
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