< Irish < Unit 3
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Spelling and Pronunciation - Grammar
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Wikiversity's Department of Irish Studies
This lesson is part of Unit 3 of WikiBooks Irish, a comprehensive open-source course in the Irish language. Lessons in Unit 3 are intended for the advanced Irish learner and contain specialized vocabulary and language notes for specific subject areas.
This lesson deals with tíortha an domhain, countries of the world.
Talking About Countries, Continents, and the World
- Is Éireannach mé. I am an Irishman.
- Is Breatnach thú. You are a Welshman/a Welshwoman.
- Is Ceanadach thú. You are a Canadian.
- Is Albanach é. He is a Scotsman.
- Is Éireannach í. She is an Irishwoman.
- Is Ollannach é. He is a Dutchman.
- Is Ollannach í. She is a Dutch woman.
- Is Meiriceánaigh sinn. We are Americans.
- Is Gearmánaigh sibh. You are Germans.
- Is Francaigh iad. They are French.
- Is Sasanaigh iad. They are English.
- Is Beilgigh sinn. We are Belgians.
Gael (plural form Gaeil) is a person speaking Irish, Scots Gaelic, or Manx Gaelic.
Na Ilchríocha
| The Continents | ||
|---|---|---|
| English | Place name | Personal name (plural) |
| Africa | an Afraic (f) | Afracánach (Afracánaigh) |
| Antarctica | Antartaice (f) | |
| Asia | an Áise (f) | |
| Europe | an Eoraip (f) | |
| North America | Meiriceá Thuaidh | |
| Oceania | An Aigéine (f) | |
| South America | Meiriceá Theas | |
Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór
The island of Ireland and its closest neighbour have a long and complicated history, and knowing the proper terminology to use is important, in English as well as in Irish.
| Ireland | Éire (f) |
| United Kingdom | An Ríocht Aontaithe |
| England | Sasana |
| Scotland | Albain (f) |
| Wales | An Bhreatain Bheag |
| Channel Islands | Oileáin Mhuir nIocht |
Tíortha na hEorpa
| English | Place name | Personal name (plural) |
|---|---|---|
| Albania | An Albáin (f) | |
| Andorra | Andóra | |
| Armenia | An Airméin (f) | |
| Austria | An Ostair (f) | Ostarach (Ostaraigh) |
| Azerbaijan | An Asarbaiseáin (f) | |
| Belarus | An Bhealarúis (f) | |
| Belgium | An Bheilg (f) | |
| Bosnia-Herzegovenia | An Bhoisnia-Heirseagaivéin (f) | |
| Bulgaria | An Bhulgáir (f) | |
| Croatia | An Chróit (f) | Crótach (Crótaigh) |
| Cyprus | An Chipir (f) | |
| Czechia | An tSeic (f) | Seiceach (Seicigh) |
| Denmark | An Danmhairg (f) | Danmhargach (Danmhargaigh) |
| Estonia | An Eastóin (f) | |
| Faroe Islands | Oileáin Fharó (Na Scigirí) | |
| Finland | An Fhionlainn (f) | Fionlannach (Fionlannaigh) |
| France | An Fhrainc (f) | Francach (Francaigh) |
| Georgia | An tSeoirsia (f) | |
| Germany | An Ghearmáin (f) | Gearmánach (Gearmánaigh) |
| Greece | An Ghréig (f) | |
| Greenland | An Ghraonlainn (f) | Graonlannach (Graonlannaigh) |
| Hungary | An Ungáir (f) | |
| Iceland | An Íoslainn (f) | Íoslannach (Íoslannaigh) |
| Italy | An Iodáil (f) | Iodálach (Iodálaigh) |
| Kosovo | An Chosaiv (f) | |
| Latvia | An Laitvia (f) | |
| Liechtenstein | Lichtinstéin (f) | |
| Lithuania | An Liotuáin (f) | |
| Luxembourg | Lucsamburg | |
| Malta | Málta | |
| Moldova | An Mholdóiv (f) | |
| Monaco | Monacó | |
| Montenegro | Montainéagró | |
| Netherlands | An Ísiltír (f) | |
| North Macedonia | An Mhacadóin Thuaidh | |
| Norway | An Iorua (f) | Ioruach (Ioruaigh) |
| Poland | An Pholainn (f) | |
| Portugal | An Phortaingéil (f) | |
| Romania | An Rómáin (f) | |
| Russia | An Rúis (f) | |
| San Marino | San Mairíne | |
| Serbia | An tSeirbia (f) | Seirbeach (Seirbigh) |
| Slovakia | An tSlóvaic (f) | Slóvacach (Slóvacaigh) |
| Slovenia | An tSlóivéin (f) | |
| Spain | An Spáinn (f) | |
| Sweden | An tSualainn (f) | Sualannach (Sualannaigh) |
| Switzerland | An Eilvéis (f) | |
| Turkey | An Tuirc (f) | Turcach (Turcaigh) |
| Ukraine | An Úcráin (f) | |
| Vatican City | Cathair na Vatacáine | |
| Yugoslavia | An Iúgsláiv (f) |
Tíortha na hAfraice
| English | Place name | Personal name (plural) |
|---|---|---|
| Algeria | An Ailgéir (f) | Ailgéarach (Ailgéaraigh) |
| Angola | Angóla | |
| Benin | Beinin (f) | |
| Botswana | An Bhotsuáin (f) | |
| Burkina Faso | Buircíne Fasó | |
| Burundi | An Bhurúin (f) | |
| Cameroon | Camarún | |
| Canary Islands | Na hOileáin Chanáracha | |
| Central African Republic | Poblacht na hAfraice Láir | |
| Chad | Sead | |
| Djibouti | Djibouti | |
| Egypt | An Éigipt (f) | Éigipteach (Éigiptigh) |
| Equatorial Guinea | An Ghuine Mheánchiorclach | |
| Eritrea | An Eiritré | |
| Ethiopia | An Aetóip (f) | |
| Gabon | An Ghabúin (f) | |
| Gambia | An Ghaimbia (f) | |
| Ghana | Gána | |
| Guinea | An Ghuine (f) | |
| Guinea Bissau | Guine Bhissau | |
| Côte d'Ivoire | An Cósta Eabhair | |
| Kenya | An Chéinia (f) | |
| Lesotho | Leosóta | |
| Liberia | An Libéir (f) | |
| Libya | An Libia (f) | |
| Madagascar | Madagascar | |
| Malawi | An Mhaláiv (f) | |
| Mali | Mailí (f) | |
| Mauritania | An Mháratáin (f) | Máratánach (Máratánaigh) |
| Mauritius | Oileán Mhuirís | |
| Morocco | Maracó | Maracach (Maracaigh) |
| Mozambique | Mósaimbíc (f) | |
| Namibia | An Namaib (f) | |
| Niger | An Nígir (f) | |
| Nigeria | An Nigéir (f) | Nigéarach (Nigéaraigh) |
| People’s Republic of Congo | Poblacht Dhaonlathach an Chongó | |
| Republic of Congo | Poblacht an Chongó | |
| Rwanda | Ruanda | |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | São Tomé agus Príncipe | |
| Senegal | An tSeineagáil (f) | |
| Seychelles | Na Séiséil | |
| Sierra Leone | Siarra Leon | |
| Somalia | An tSomáil (f) | |
| South Africa | An Afraic Theas | |
| South Sudan | An tSúdáin Theas (f) | |
| Sudan | An tSúdáin (f) | Súdánach (Súdánaigh) |
| Swaziland | An tSuasalainn (f) | |
| Tanzania | An Tansáin (f) | |
| Togo | Tóga | |
| Tunisia | An Túinéis (f) | |
| Uganda | Uganda | |
| Zambia | An tSaimbia (f) | |
| Zimbabwe | An tSiombáib (f) |
Tíortha na hÁise
| English | Place name | Personal name (plural) |
|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | An Afganastáin (f) | |
| Bangladesh | An Bhangladéis (f) | |
| Bhutan | An Bhútáin (f) | |
| Brunei | Brúiné (f) | |
| Cambodia | An Chambóid (f) | |
| China | An tSín (f) | |
| India | An India (f) | |
| Indonesia | An Indinéis (f) | |
| Iran | An Iaráin (f) | |
| Iraq | An Iaráic (f) | |
| Israel | Iosrael | |
| Japan | An tSeapáin (f) | |
| Jordan | An Iordáin (f) | |
| Kazakhstan | An Chasacstáin (f) | |
| Kuwait | Cuáit (f) | |
| Kyrgyzstan | An Chirgeastáin (f) | |
| Laos | Laos | |
| Lebanon | An Liobáin (f) | |
| Malaysia | An Mhalaeisia (f) | |
| Maldives | Oileáin Mhaildíve | |
| Mongolia | An Mhongóil (f) | |
| Myanmar | Maenmar | |
| Nepal | Neipeal | |
| North Korea | An Chóiré (f) Thuaidh | |
| Oman | Óman | |
| Pakistan | An Phacastáin (f) | |
| Palestine | An Phalaistín (f) | |
| Papua New Guinea | Nua-Ghuine Phapua | |
| Philippines | Na hOileáin Fhilipíneacha | Filipinach (Filipinaigh) |
| Qatar | Catar | |
| Saudi Arabia | An Araib (f) Shádach | |
| Singapore | Singeapór | |
| South Korea | An Chóiré (f) Theas | |
| Sri Lanka | Srí Lanca | |
| Syria | An tSiria (f) | |
| Taiwan | An Téaváin (f) | |
| Tajikistan | An Táidsíceastáin (f) | |
| Thailand | An Téalainn (f) | |
| Turkmenistan | An Tuircméanastáin (f) | |
| United Arab Emirates | Aontas na nÉimíríochtaí Arabacha | |
| Uzbekistan | An Úisbéiceastáin (f) | |
| Vietnam | Vítneam | |
| Yemen | Poblacht Éimin |
Tíortha na Chríocha Mheiricea agus na Chairib
| English | Place name | Personal name (plural) |
|---|---|---|
| Antigua and Barbuda | Antigua agus Barbúda | |
| Argentina | An Airgintín (f) | |
| Bahamas | Na Bahámaí | |
| Barbados | Barbadós | |
| Belize | An Bheilís (f) | |
| Bolivia | An Bholaiv (f) | |
| Brazil | An Bhrasaíl (f) | |
| Canada | Ceanada | |
| Chile | An tSile (f) | |
| Colombia | An Cholóim (f) | |
| Costa Rica | Cósta Ríce | |
| Cuba | Cúba | |
| Dominica | Doiminice | |
| Dominican Republic | An Phoblacht Dhoiminiceach | |
| Ecuador | Eacuadór | |
| El Salvador | An tSalvadóir (f) | |
| Falkland Islands | Oileáin Fháclainne | |
| French Guiana | Guáin na Fraince | |
| Galápagos Islands | Oileáin Galápagos | |
| Grenada | Grenada | |
| Guatemala | Guatamala | |
| Guyana | An Ghuáin (f) | |
| Haiti | Háití (f) | |
| Honduras | Hondúras | |
| Jamaica | Iamáice (f) | |
| Mexico | Meicsiceo | |
| Nicaragua | Nicearagua | |
| Panama | Panama | |
| Paraguay | Paragua | |
| Peru | Peiriú | |
| Puerto Rico (US) | Pórtó Ríce (SAM) | |
| St. Kitts and Nevis | San Críostóir Nimheas | |
| St. Lucia | St. Lucia | |
| St. Vincent | St. Vincent | |
| Suriname | Suranam | |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága | |
| Uruguay | Uragua | |
| United States of America | Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá | |
| Venezuela | Veiniséala |
Tíortha na hAigéine
| Australia | An Astráil (f) |
| Federated States of Micronesia, The | Stáit Chónaidhme na Micrinéise |
| Fiji Islands | Oileáin Fhidsí |
| Kiribati | Cireabaití (f) |
| Marshall Islands | Oileáin Marshall |
| New Zealand | An Nua-Shéalainn (f) |
| Samoa | Samó |
| Solomon Islands | Oileáin Sholamón |
| Tonga | Tonga |
| Tuvalu | Tuvalu |
| Vanuatu | Vanuatú |
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