< Chess Opening Theory
English Opening | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Position in Forsyth-Edwards Notation (FEN) rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/2P5/8/PP1PPPPP/RNBQKBNR | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Moves: 1. c4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ECO code: A10-A39 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent: Starting position |
1. c4 - English Opening
This opening is very flexible. It can transpose into many others.
Black's responses
- 1...e5 is a "reversed" Sicilian Defence.
- 1...e6 will probably end up in a Queen's Gambit Declined. This is known as the Agincourt Defense. However, if White plays 2. d4 then Black plays 2... Nf6, it is a typical Indian game (1. d4 nf6 2. c4 e6 is the normal order)
- 1...c6 will usually either transpose into the Caro-Kann Defence or the Slav Defence.
- 1...Nf6 or 1...g6 are likely to transpose into an Indian Defence.
- 1...b6 will in all likelihood transpose into the English Defence.
- 1...f5, the Anglo-Dutch Defence, leads to sharp tactical lines for Black, but can open a powerful kingside attack. This is likely to transpose into the regular Dutch Defense after 2. d4.
- 1...d5 is seldom played but may transpose into the Queen's Gambit or the Réti Opening.
- 1...g5, the Myers Defence, gives White a small advantage.
- 1...b5 normally gives good chances for Black, even though the Halibut Gambit is considered unsound at the professional level.
Most "pure" English lines come from the Symmetrical Variation (1...c5) and are quite hard to play and to understand.
Statistics
- Approximately chances
- White win 37%, Draw 34%, Black win 29%.
- Estimated next move popularity
- Nf6 31%, e5 23%, e6 13%, c5 12%, g6 8%, c6 6%, f5 4%. Other moves less than 2%
Theory table
For explanation of theory tables see theory table and for notation see algebraic notation
1.c4 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||
Symmetrical Variation | c4 c5 |
Nf3 Nf6 |
g3 b6 |
Bg2 Bb7 |
O-O g6 |
= | |
Reversed Sicilian Defence | ... e5 |
Nc3 Nc6 |
Nf3 Nf6 |
g3 d5 |
cxd5 Nxd5 |
∞ | |
Agincourt Defence | ... e6 |
Nc3 Bb4 |
Qb3 Nc6 |
Nf3 Nf6 |
a3 Bxc3 |
∞ | |
Anglo-Slav Variation | ... c6 |
Nf3 d5 |
g3 Nf6 |
Bg2 dxc4 |
O-O Nbd7 |
∞ | |
Anglo-Indian Defence | ... Nf6 |
Nc3 e6 |
e4 c5 |
e5 Ng8 |
Nf3 Nc6 |
∞ | |
Great Snake Variation | ... g6 |
e4 e5 |
d4 Nf6 |
dxe5 Nxe4 |
Bd3 Nc5 |
∞ | |
English Defence | ... b6 |
d4 e6 |
e4 Bb7 |
∞ | |||
Anglo-Dutch Defence | ... f5 |
Nf3 Nf6 |
g3 g6 |
Bg2 Bg7 |
O-O O-O |
∞ | |
Anglo-Scandinavian Defence | ... d5 |
cxd5 Qxd5 |
Nc3 Qa5 |
+= | |||
Myers Defence | ... g5 |
d4 Bg7?! |
Bxg5! c5 |
Nf3 cxd4 |
Nxd4 Qb6 |
Nb5 Bxb2?! |
+- |
Halibut Gambit | ... b5 |
cxb5 a6 |
e4! Bb7 |
Nc3 Nf6 |
e5 Nd5 |
Nf3 e6 |
+= |
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References
- Modern Chess Openings: MCO-14. 1999. Nick de Firmian, Walter Korn. ISBN 0-8129-3084-3.
- Batsford Chess Openings 2 (1989, 1994). Garry Kasparov, Raymond Keene. ISBN 0-8050-3409-9.
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