Carabayo

Carabayo
Total population
	estimated 150[1]
Regions with significant populations
	Colombia[2]
Languages
	Carabayo[1]
Religion
	traditional tribal religion

The Carabayo (who perhaps call themselves Yacumo) are an uncontacted people of Colombia living in at least three long houses, known as malokas,[2] along the Rio Puré (now the Río Puré National Park) in the southeastern corner of the country. They live in the Amazonas Department of Colombian Amazon rainforest, near the border with Brazil. They share the protected National Park with the Passé and Jumana people.[2]

In the last 400 years, Carabayo people have had intermittent contact with outsiders, including violent attacks by slave traders and rubber extractors, resulting in their retreat from outside groups and increased isolation.[2]

Name

The Carabayo are also known as the Aroje or Yuri people.[3] They are known as the Aroje to the Bora people. Maku and Macusa are pejorative Arawak terms applied to many local languages, and are not specific to Carabayo.

Language

The Carabayo language appears to be a member of the Tikuna–Yuri family.[4]

Legal protection

In December 2011, President Juan Manuel Santos signed legal decree #4633, which guarantees uncontacted peoples such as the Carabayo the rights to their voluntary isolation, their traditional territories, and reparations if they face violence from outsiders.[2]

Notes

"Carabayo." Ethnologue. 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
Butler, Rhett A. "Uncontacted Amazon tribes documented for first time in Colombia." Mongabay. 19 April 2012. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
Soria Dall’Orso, Carlos Antonio Martin (2020), Leal Filho, Walter; King, Victor T.; Borges de Lima, Ismar (eds.), "Reviewing Amazonian Countries Policies for the Protection of Indigenous Peoples in Voluntary Isolation and Initial Contact (IPVIIC) and Its Implications for Territorial Dynamics and Indigenous Peoples' Development in Amazonia", Indigenous Amazonia, Regional Development and Territorial Dynamics: Contentious Issues, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 61–109, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29153-2_4, ISBN 978-3-030-29153-2, retrieved 2022-12-24
Seifart, Frank; Echeverri, Juan Alvaro (2014-04-16). Aronoff, Mark (ed.). "Evidence for the Identification of Carabayo, the Language of an Uncontacted People of the Colombian Amazon, as Belonging to the Tikuna-Yurí Linguistic Family". PLoS ONE. 9 (4): e94814. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094814. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3989239. PMID 24739948.

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[ethno-1] "Carabayo." Ethnologue. 2009. Retrieved 20 April 2012.

[monga-2] Butler, Rhett A. "Uncontacted Amazon tribes documented for first time in Colombia." Mongabay. 19 April 2012. Retrieved 20 April 2012.

[3] Soria Dall’Orso, Carlos Antonio Martin (2020), Leal Filho, Walter; King, Victor T.; Borges de Lima, Ismar (eds.), "Reviewing Amazonian Countries Policies for the Protection of Indigenous Peoples in Voluntary Isolation and Initial Contact (IPVIIC) and Its Implications for Territorial Dynamics and Indigenous Peoples' Development in Amazonia", Indigenous Amazonia, Regional Development and Territorial Dynamics: Contentious Issues, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 61–109, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29153-2_4, ISBN 978-3-030-29153-2, retrieved 2022-12-24

[4] Seifart, Frank; Echeverri, Juan Alvaro (2014-04-16). Aronoff, Mark (ed.). "Evidence for the Identification of Carabayo, the Language of an Uncontacted People of the Colombian Amazon, as Belonging to the Tikuna-Yurí Linguistic Family". PLoS ONE. 9 (4): e94814. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094814. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3989239. PMID 24739948.