Marbled swordtail

The marbled swordtail (Xiphophorus meyeri) is a species of freshwater fish in the family Poeciliidae. It was endemic to the Rio Salado system (itself a part of the Rio Grande basin) in Coahuila, northeastern Mexico.[4][5] It was restricted to springs, connected creeks and pools in waters with a pH slightly above neutral and temperatures of 16–26 °C (61–79 °F), with captive studies indicating that the optimum temperature is around 24 °C (75 °F).[1][5][6]

Marbled swordtail
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cyprinodontiformes
Family: Poeciliidae
Genus: Xiphophorus
Species:
X. meyeri
Binomial name
Xiphophorus meyeri
Schartl & Schröder, 1987
Synonyms[2][3]

Xiphophorus marmoratus Obregón-Barboza & Contreras-Balderas, 1988

The marbled swordtail is considered extinct in the wild by the IUCN with the last wild record in 1997, meaning that it survives only in captivity.[1] Captive populations are maintained at the Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, United States,[1] and by XNP conservation project members, which include public aquariums, universities and private aquarists in several European countries and the United States.[7][8][9] The marbled swordtail shares the title as northernmost naturally distributed Xiphophorus with the closely related Monterrey platyfish (X. couchianus) and northern platyfish (X. gordoni).[5][10] The specific name of this species honours the German ichthyologist Manfred K. Meyer.[11]

References
  1. Almada-Villela, P.; Contreras-Balderas, S.; Hendrickson, D. (2019). "Xiphophorus meyeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T23158A2784905. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T23158A2784905.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. Schartl, Manfred; Schröder, Johannes Horst (1987). "A new species of the genus Xiphophorus Heckel 1848, endemic to northern Coahuila, Mexico (Pisces: Poeciliidae)" (PDF). Senckenbergiana Biologica. 68 (4/6): 311–321.
  3. Juan Miguel Artigas Azas, ed. (29 November 2012). "Xiphophorus marmoratus Obregón-Barboza & Contreras-Balderas, 1988". The Freshwater Fishes of Mexico. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
  4. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2018). "Xiphophorus meyeri" in FishBase. September 2018 version.
  5. Ceballos, G.; E.D. Pardo; L.M Estévez; H.E. Pérez, eds. (2016). Los peces dulceacuícolas de México en peligro de extinción. Fondo de Cultura Económic. p. 283. ISBN 978-607-16-4087-1.
  6. "Northern Platyfish Husbandry Manual". Österreichischen Verband für Vivaristik und Ökologie. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  7. "XNP project annual report – year 3". Österreichischen Verband für Vivaristik und Ökologie. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  8. "XNP project expanding". Österreichischen Verband für Vivaristik und Ökologie. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  9. "Transfer of fish from Würzburg University to Ostrava ZOO". Österreichischen Verband für Vivaristik und Ökologie. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  10. Kang, J.H.; M. Schartl; R.B. Walter; A. Meyer (2013). "Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of all species of swordtails and platies (Pisces: Genus Xiphophorus) uncovers a hybrid origin of a swordtail fish, Xiphophorus monticolus, and demonstrates that the sexually selected sword originated in the ancestral lineage of the genus, but was lost again secondarily". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13 (25): 25. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-25. PMC 3585855. PMID 23360326.
  11. Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara (26 October 2019). "Order CYPRINODONTIFORMES: Families POECILIIDAE, ANABLEPIDAE, VALENCIIDAE, APHANIIDAE and PROCATOPODIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 9 November 2019.


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