Passiflora alata

Passiflora alata,[2] the winged-stem passion flower, is a species of flowering plant. It is an evergreen vine, growing to 6 m (20 ft) or more, which bears an edible type of passion fruit. It is native to the Amazon, from Peru to eastern Brazil.

Passiflora alata
Passiflora alata in flower
Passiflora alata fruit
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Passifloraceae
Genus: Passiflora
Species:
P. alata
Binomial name
Passiflora alata

Names

The local peoples refer to it as ouvaca, meaning "red star" due to the appearance of its flower. Other names include fragrant grenadilla, and maracuja de refresco.[3] The specific epithet alata means "winged", referring to the 4-winged stems.[4]

Description

The leaves are oval or oblong, 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long and 1–10 cm (0–4 in) wide. The fragrant flower is 7–10 cm (3–4 in) wide, with red curved tepals, and a prominent fringed corona in bands of purple and white giving the appearance of stripes.[3] It usually blooms around late summer or early fall, needing full sun exposure. These flowers are unique in having eight concentric coronas divided into five types; radii, pali. the operculum, the limen, and the trochlea, the most of any known plant.[5][6], P. alata attracts bees, butterflies and birds.

The solitary fruit is highly prized by local people. It is egg-shaped, yellow to bright orange, 8–15 cm (3–6 in) long and 5–10 cm (2–4 in) in diameter. It weighs from 90–300 g (3–11 oz).

Cultivation

In temperate zones P. alata is usually cultivated indoors, though it can also be grown outside in areas where the temperature does not fall below 5 °C (41 °F). It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[7][8]

Medicinal uses

In Brazil, P. alata is officially recognized as a phytomedicine, and was included in first edition of Brazilian Pharmacopoeia in 1929. It is well known in folk medicine throughout South America, though the exact pharmacological composition of the plant is little understood and requires more study.

References
  1. "Passiflora alata". IPNI. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
  2. "Passiflora alata". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  3. RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.
  4. Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845337315.
  5. Lawrence, George H.M. (1951). Taxonomy of the Vascular Plants. New York: The MacMillan Company. p. 616.
  6. Engler an Prantl, Naturichen Pflanzenfamilien , Band 21 , page 503 (figure 232b)
  7. "Passiflora alata". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
  8. "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 72. Retrieved 17 April 2018.


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