Wilhelm Iwan
Wilhelm Iwan, author, historian, and Lutheran theologian lived from 1871 until 1958. As a historian, he documented the 19th century exodus from Prussia (Germany) to America and Australia by a group who sought religious freedom (Old Lutheran schism).[1][2] In 1945 he fled from his homeland and lived the remainder of his life as a refugee in West Germany.[3]
Wilhelm Friedrich Iwan | |
|---|---|
 Portrait provided by his daughter Waltraut Felkendorff. | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 5, 1871 Falkenberg in Upper Silesia, Germany |
| Died | May 27, 1958 (aged 86) Wangen in Allgäu, West Germany |
| Nationality | Silesian |
| Spouse(s) | Hedwig Gertrud Koffmane, b. April 22, 1889 in Kunitz, Silesia, d. September 9, 1954 in Wangen |
| Children | Hanna Imhoff, b. March 23, 1913 in Nicolstadt Helma Iwan, b. December 14, 1914 in Silesia Waltraut Felkendorff, b. December 1, 1916 in Nicolstadt Gisela Heinrich, b. November 13, 1921 in Nicolstadt Adelheid Iwan, b. May 21, 1925 in Nicolstadt |
| Profession | Historian, writer, theologian |
Biography
Early life
Wilhelm Friedrich Iwan was born in Falkenberg in the Prussian province of Upper Silesia, on August 5, 1871, as the third of seven sons, to a master builder and brick factory owner, Gottlieb Iwan.
He attended secondary school at Breslau and Hirschberg and graduated valedictorian. He then went on to study theology at the Silesian Frederick William University and the Hallensis in Halle upon Saale.
Overseas Experience
Wilhelm Iwan lived as pastor of a German-speaking congregation in Charters Towers, Australia[4] for nine years, in a church which was founded by German-Australian gold prospectors,[5] and then for three years in Bariloche, Argentina.
↓ and in 2014, converted to Roman Catholicism after 1945
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He documented these years in his journals, including accounts of his congregation and his personal experiences. As a collector, he assembled Australian pipes, boomerangs, snake skins, butterflies, glass cages with hummingbirds, cabin trunks full of furs and pelts, poison tipped arrows and stone weapons, tortoise shells, precious gems, and gold dust. He brought these collections to Silesia when he returned.
Return to Germany
Iwan returned from a life of world travel to Germany in 1911 and soon settled into a new life. In 1912, he married Hedwig Koffmane the daughter of a well-respected Silesian theologian Gustav Koffmane, and together they had five daughters.
The Nicolstadt (also spelt Nikolstadt) congregation, a parish within the Evangelical State Church of Prussia's older Provinces, was his first and also his last in Germany, as he worked for the next 30 years as pastor of the local Lutheran church of the village (map, postcard picture) near Wahlstatt. During this time he wrote several books about the "Old Lutheran emigration" (Auswanderung der Altlutheraner).
Contributions as an author and historian
Books written:
- Wilhelm Iwan, Um des Glaubens willen nach Australien, Breslau: Verlag des Lutherischen Büchervereins, 1931
- Wilhelm Iwan, Because of their beliefs: emigration from Prussia to Australia [Uniform title: Um des Glaubens willen nach Australien (Engl.), 1931], David Schubert (trl. and ed.), Highgate, South Australia: H. Schubert, 1995. ISBN 0-646-25324-7
This book relates the story of the emigration of Prussian so-called Old Lutherans to Australia during the period of 1830 to 1850.[6]
- Wilhelm Iwan, Das verfluchte Gold: Selbsterlebnisse unter deutschen Goldgräbern in Australien, Chemnitz: Werner Böhm, 1935; reprint by Adelheid Iwan, Kiel: 1991.
A book of Australian stories based on his personal experiences and the experiences[7] of his Australian acquaintances. This book was to be used as the basis for a movie starring Hans Albers. What came of these plans is not known.
- Wilhelm Iwan, Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts: Eine Episode deutscher Auswanderung: 2 vols. (i.e. The Old Lutheran Emigration at the Middle of the 19th Century), Johann-Heß-Institut Breslau (ed.), Ludwigsburg: Eichhornverlag Lothar Kallenberg, 1943, vol. II Appendix (list and statistics of emigrants).
In this book he documents the emigration of Prussian Lutherans to America in the middle of the 19th century.[8] He includes extensive emigrant lists which have become a valuable resource for genealogical research.[9]
Refugee
In 1939, he retired and moved to Breslau hoping for some peaceful years, but at the end of January 1945, towards the end of World War II, as the Russian army was moving into Silesia, he was forced to flee his city on foot taking his ailing wife and his children with him, pulling his luggage behind him on a small sled, leaving behind his books, manuscripts, collections, and property. After several stops, he and his family were fortunate to be taken aboard a hospital train in May 1945, and made the dangerous journey to Lindau on Lake Constance. From there, the refugee office sent them along with other displaced civilians to Wohmbrechts. There they lived under the sponsorship of a farmer by the name of Reichart. Iwan had to earn his keep but was also well treated for five years by the family.
At the age of 80, he succeeded in finding a new home in Wangen im Allgäu where he died on May 27, 1958, aged 86. He is buried together with his wife in the local Sankt Wolfgang cemetery.
Places named after Wilhelm Iwan
A street in Hamburg, the Wilhelm-Iwan-Ring in the suburb of Allermöhe, is named after him.
References
- Wilhelm Iwan, "Die Religiösen Wanderungen in Schlesien" [microfiche], in: Jahrbuch des Vereins für Schlesische Kirchengeschichte, vol. XXIX (1939), pp. 55–78.
- Clifford Neal Smith, Nineteenth-century emigration of "Old Lutherans" from eastern Germany (mainly Pomerania and Lower Silesia) to Australia, Canada, and the United States, McNeal, Ariz.: Westland Publications, 1980
- Iwan, Wilhelm; Schubert, David (1995). Because of their beliefs: emigration from Prussia to Australia. Highgate, S. Aust. : H. Schubert. ISBN 0-646-25324-7.
- Henriette V. Holleuffer, "The Missing Fifth Dimension: The Writing of Australian History", in: Germany Journal article The Australian Journal of Politics and History, Vol. 54, 2008
- Dirk Hoerder and Jörg Nagler, People in Transit: German Migrations in Comparative Perspective, 1820–1930, Melbourne: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1995.
- Wilhelm Iwan, Um des Glaubens willen nach Australien, Breslau: Verlag des Lutherischen Büchervereins, 1931.
- Wilhelm Iwan, Das verfluchte Gold: Selbsterlebnisse unter deutschen Goldgräbern in Australien, Chemnitz: Werner Böhm, 1935; reprint by Adelheid Iwan, Kiel: 1991
- Wilhelm Iwan, Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts: Eine Episode deutscher Auswanderung: 2 vols. (i.e. The Old Lutheran Emigration at the Middle of the 19th Century), Johann-Heß-Institut Breslau (ed.), Ludwigsburg: Eichhornverlag Lothar Kallenberg, 1943.
- Wilhelm Iwan, Die Altlutherische Auswanderung um die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts: Eine Episode deutscher Auswanderung: 2 vols. (i.e. The Old Lutheran Emigration at the Middle of the 19th Century), Johann-Heß-Institut Breslau (ed.), Ludwigsburg: Eichhornverlag Lothar Kallenberg, 1943, vol. II Appendix (list and statistics of emigrants).