Mogollon Rim
The Mogollon Rim (/mʌɡɪˈjoʊn/ or /moʊɡəˈjoʊn/ or /mɒɡɒdʒɔːn/)[1][2] is a topographical and geological feature cutting across the northern half of the U.S. state of Arizona. It extends approximately 200 miles (320 km), starting in northern Yavapai County and running eastward, ending near the border with New Mexico.[3] It forms the southern edge of the Colorado Plateau in Arizona.
Description
The Rim is an escarpment defining the southwestern edge of the Colorado Plateau.[4]: 1189 Its central and most spectacular portions are characterized by high cliffs of limestone and sandstone, namely the Kaibab Limestone and Coconino Sandstone cliffs.[4]: 1206–1209 [5] The escarpment was created by erosion and faulting, creating canyons such as Fossil Creek Canyon and Pine Canyon.[6] The name Mogollon comes from Don Juan Ignacio Flores Mogollón, the Spanish Governor of New Mexico from 1712 to 1715.[7]
Much of the land south of the Mogollon Rim lies 4,000 to 5,000 feet (1,200 to 1,500 m) above sea level, with the escarpment rising to about 8,000 ft (2,400 m). Extensive Ponderosa pine forests are found both on the slopes of the Rim and on the plateau to the north. The Mogollon Rim is a major floristic and faunal boundary, with species characteristic of the Rocky Mountains living on the top of the plateau, and species native to the Mexican Sierra Madre Occidental on the slopes below and in the Madrean Sky Islands (high, isolated mountain ranges) further south.
The Mogollon Rim's limestones and sandstones were formed from sediments deposited in the Carboniferous and Permian Periods. Several of the Rim's rock formations are also seen on the walls of the Grand Canyon. In many places, the Rim is capped or buried by the extensive basaltic lava flows.
The uppermost sandstone stratum of the Mogollon Rim, called the Coconino Sandstone, forms white cliffs that sometimes reach several hundred feet high. This formation of the Permian Period is of aeolian (windblown) origin and is one of the thickest sand-dune-derived sandstones on earth.
Cities and towns near the Mogollon Rim include Payson, Sedona, Show Low, Alpine and Pinetop-Lakeside. The Mogollon Rim is practically bisected by Interstate 17 which runs north-to-south between Flagstaff and Phoenix.
In June 2002, the eastern portion of the Mogollon Rim was the site of Arizona's second-largest wildfire, the 470,000-acre (1,900 km2) Rodeo–Chediski Fire. The Mogollon Rim was also the site of the Dude fire that started on June 25, 1990. This fire grew to cover over 30,000 acres (120 km2) and killed six wildland firefighters. Other large fires have burned along the Mogollon Rim since 1990, and the area's Ponderosa pine forests remain vulnerable because of past fire-suppression efforts and the buildup of available dry fuel.
Western novel author Zane Grey built a hunting cabin on the slopes of the Mogollon Rim just northeast of Payson, above Tonto Creek. The cabin was restored by the Phoenix air-conditioning magnate William Goettl during the late 1960s, but it was destroyed by the Dude Fire in 1990.[8]
Louis L'Amour's novel The Sackett Brand, set near the Mogollon Rim, includes descriptions of its cliffs.
References
- "Mogollon". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)(subscription required)
- U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Mogollon Rim
- The Mogollon Rim is not to be confused with the Mogollon Mountains in New Mexico located somewhat east of the eastern end of the Rim. The official estimate of the eastern end is near Show Low, although some sources extend it farther east. See U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Mogollon Rim
- Blakey, Ronald C. (1 September 1990). "Stratigraphy and geologic history of Pennsylvanian and Permian rocks, Mogollon Rim region, central Arizona and vicinity". GSA Bulletin. 102 (9): 1189–1217. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1990)102<1189:SAGHOP>2.3.CO;2.
- Block, Stephan M. (1998). On foot in Arizona's red rock country : seven spectacular hikes : with interpretive guide (2nd ed.). Sedona, Ariz.: Kokopelli Press. ISBN 9780964188808.
- Mayer, Larry (December 1979). "Evolution of the Mogollon Rim in central Arizona". Tectonophysics. 61 (1–3): 49–62. doi:10.1016/0040-1951(79)90291-9.
- Colton, H.S. (1938). "Names of the four culture roots in the Southwest". Science. 87 (2268): 551–552.
- Brown, Stan (April 8, 2004). "Zane Grey's Rim Country Legacy, Part 5". Payson Roundup. Archived from the original on February 22, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
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