WBP2
WW domain-binding protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WBP2 gene.[5][6]
The globular WW domain is composed of 38 to 40 semiconserved amino acids shared by proteins of diverse functions including structural, regulatory, and signaling proteins. The domain is involved in mediating protein-protein interactions through the binding of polyproline ligands. This gene encodes a WW domain binding protein, which binds to the WW domain of Yes kinase-associated protein by its PY motifs. The function of this protein has not been determined.[6]
Model organisms
| Characteristic | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| Homozygote viability | Normal |
| Fertility | Normal |
| Body weight | Normal |
| Anxiety | Normal |
| Neurological assessment | Normal |
| Grip strength | Normal |
| Hot plate | Normal |
| Dysmorphology | Normal |
| Indirect calorimetry | Normal |
| Glucose tolerance test | Normal |
| Auditory brainstem response | Abnormal |
| DEXA | Normal |
| Radiography | Normal |
| Body temperature | Normal |
| Eye morphology | Normal |
| Clinical chemistry | Abnormal[7] |
| Haematology | Normal |
| Peripheral blood lymphocytes | Normal |
| Micronucleus test | Normal |
| Heart weight | Normal |
| Eye Histopathology | Normal |
| Salmonella infection | Normal[8] |
| Citrobacter infection | Normal[9] |
| All tests and analysis from[10][11] |
Model organisms have been used in the study of WBP2 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Wbp2tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[12][13] was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.[14][15][16]
Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.[10][17] Twenty three tests were carried out on mutant mice and two significant abnormalities were observed.[10] Homozygous mutant animals displayed an abnormal brainstem auditory evoked potential, while females also had decreased circulating amylase levels.[10]
References
- GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132471 - Ensembl, May 2017
- GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000034341 - Ensembl, May 2017
- "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- Chen HI, Sudol M (Sep 1995). "The WW domain of Yes-associated protein binds a proline-rich ligand that differs from the consensus established for Src homology 3-binding modules". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 92 (17): 7819–23. Bibcode:1995PNAS...92.7819C. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.17.7819. PMC 41237. PMID 7644498.
- "Entrez Gene: WBP2 WW domain binding protein 2".
- "Clinical chemistry data for Wbp2". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- "Salmonella infection data for Wbp2". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- "Citrobacter infection data for Wbp2". Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica. 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x. S2CID 85911512.
- Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
- "International Knockout Mouse Consortium".
- "Mouse Genome Informatics".
- Skarnes, W. C.; Rosen, B.; West, A. P.; Koutsourakis, M.; Bushell, W.; Iyer, V.; Mujica, A. O.; Thomas, M.; Harrow, J.; Cox, T.; Jackson, D.; Severin, J.; Biggs, P.; Fu, J.; Nefedov, M.; De Jong, P. J.; Stewart, A. F.; Bradley, A. (2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature. 474 (7351): 337–342. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
- Dolgin E (2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature. 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
- Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (2007). "A Mouse for All Reasons". Cell. 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247. S2CID 18872015.
- van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW (2011). "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism". Genome Biol. 12 (6): 224. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224. PMC 3218837. PMID 21722353.
Further reading
- Pirozzi G, McConnell SJ, Uveges AJ, et al. (1997). "Identification of novel human WW domain-containing proteins by cloning of ligand targets". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (23): 14611–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.23.14611. PMID 9169421.
- Chen HI, Einbond A, Kwak SJ, et al. (1997). "Characterization of the WW domain of human yes-associated protein and its polyproline-containing ligands". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (27): 17070–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.27.17070. PMID 9202023.
- Jolliffe CN, Harvey KF, Haines BP, et al. (2001). "Identification of multiple proteins expressed in murine embryos as binding partners for the WW domains of the ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd4". Biochem. J. 351 (3): 557–65. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3510557. PMC 1221394. PMID 11042109.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Nitsch R, Di Palma T, Mascia A, Zannini M (2004). "WBP-2, a WW domain binding protein, interacts with the thyroid-specific transcription factor Pax8". Biochem. J. 377 (Pt 3): 553–60. doi:10.1042/BJ20031233. PMC 1223889. PMID 14531730.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Tao WA, Wollscheid B, O'Brien R, et al. (2005). "Quantitative phosphoproteome analysis using a dendrimer conjugation chemistry and tandem mass spectrometry". Nat. Methods. 2 (8): 591–8. doi:10.1038/nmeth776. PMID 16094384. S2CID 20475874.
- Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
- Dhananjayan SC, Ramamoorthy S, Khan OY, et al. (2006). "WW domain binding protein-2, an E6-associated protein interacting protein, acts as a coactivator of estrogen and progesterone receptors". Mol. Endocrinol. 20 (10): 2343–54. doi:10.1210/me.2005-0533. PMID 16772533.
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