Ve (Cyrillic)

Ve (В в; italics: В в) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the voiced labiodental fricative /v/, like ⟨v⟩ in "vase". It can also represent /ʋ/

Not to be confused with the Latin letter B, the Greek letter Β or Voiced bilabial trill /ʙ/.
Cyrillic letter Ve
Phonetic usage:[v]
[f]
[u̯]
[β]
[ʋ]
[w]
Name (Early Cyrillic alphabet):вѣдѣ
Numeric value:2
Derived from:Greek letter Beta (Β β)
The Cyrillic script
Slavic letters
АА́А̀А̂А̄ӒБВ
ГҐДЂЃЕЕ́Ѐ
Е̄Е̂ЁЄЄ́ЖЗЗ́
ЅИІІ́ЇЇ́ꙆИ́
ЍИ̂ӢЙЈКЛЉ
МНЊОО́О̀О̂Ō
ӦПРСС́ТЋЌ
УУ́У̀У̂ӮЎӰФ
ХЦЧЏШЩꙎЪ
Ъ̀ЫЫ́ЬѢЭЭ́Ю
Ю́Ю̀ЯЯ́Я̀
Non-Slavic letters
ӐА̊А̃Ӓ̄ӔӘӘ́Ә̃
ӚВ̌ԜГ̑Г̇Г̣Г̌Г̂
Г̆Г̈ҔҒӺҒ̌Ӷ
Д́Д̌Д̈Д̣Д̆ӖЕ̃
Ё̄Є̈ҖӜӁЖ̣ҘӞ
З̌З̣З̆ԐԐ̈ӠИ̃Ӥ
ҊҚӃҠҞҜК̣Ԛ
ᴫЛ́ӅԮԒЛ̈Ӎᵸ
Н́ӉҢԨӇҤО̆О̃
Ӧ̄ӨӨ̄Ө́Ө̆ӪԤҦ
П̈Р̌ҎС̌ҪС̣С̱Т́
Т̈Т̌Т̇Т̣ҬУ̃Ӳ
У̊Ӱ̄ҰҮҮ́Х̣Х̱Х̮
Х̑Х̌ҲӼӾҺҺ̈Ԧ
Ц̌Ц̈ҴҶҶ̣ӴӋ
ҸЧ̇Ч̣ҼҾШ̈Ш̣ꚜ
Ы̆Ы̄ӸꚝҌҨЭ̆Э̄
Э̇ӬӬ́Ӭ̄Ю̆Ю̈Ю̈́Ю̄
Я̆Я̄Я̈Я̈́Ӏ
Archaic or unused letters
А̨Б̀Б̣Б̱В̀Г̀Г̧
Г̄Г̓Г̆Ҕ̀Ҕ̆ԀД̓
Д̀Д̨ԂꚀꙢЕ̇Е̨
Ж̀Ж̑ꙂꙄЏ̆
ꚄꚄ̆ꙀЗ̀З̑ԄԆꚈ
ԪꚂꚔІ̂І̣І̨
Ј̵Ј̃ꙈК̓К̀К̆Ӄ̆
К̑К̇К̈К̄ԞК̂
Л̀ԠꙤԈЛ̑Л̇Ԕ
М̀М̃ꙦН̀Н̄Н̧Н̃
ԊԢН̡ѺꙨꙪꙬꙮ
ꚘꚚП̓П̀П́П̧
П̑ҀԚ̆Р́Р̀Р̃Ԗ
С̀С̈ԌҪ̓Т̓Т̀Ԏ
Т̑ꚊТ̧ꚌꚌ̆
ѸꙊУ̇У̨ꙋ́Ф̑Ф̓
Х́Х̀Х̆Х̇Х̧Х̓һ̱
ѠꙌѼѾꙠЦ̀Ц́Ц̓
ꚎꚎ̆ꚐЧ́Ч̀
Ч̆Ч̑Ч̓ԬꚒꚆ
Ꚇ̆Ҽ̆Ш̀Ш̆Ш̑Щ̆ꚖꚖ̆
ꙐЫ̂Ы̃Ѣ́Ѣ̈Ѣ̆Ꙓ
Э̨Э̂ꙔЮ̂ꙖЯ̈
Я̂Я̨ԘѤѦꙘѪꙚ
ѨꙜѬѮѰѲѴѶ
Ꙟ
Ve, from the Alphabet Book оf the Red Army soldier (1921)

The capital letter Ve looks the same as the capital Latin letter B but is pronounced differently.

Ve is commonly romanized by the Latin letter V (as described by ISO 9), but sometimes the Latin letter W is used instead, such as in Polish, or by the German Duden transcription.[1]

History

Both Ve and the Cyrillic letter Be (Б б) were derived from the Greek letter Beta (Β β), which already represented /v/ in Greek by the time the Cyrillic alphabet was created.[2]

In the Early Cyrillic alphabet, its name was вѣдѣ (vědě), meaning "I know".[3]

In the Cyrillic numeral system, it had the value of 2.

Usage

In Russian and Bulgarian, Ve generally represents /v/, but at the end of a word or before voiceless consonants, it represents the voiceless [f]. Before a palatalizing vowel, it represents /vʲ/.

In standard Ukrainian pronunciation (based on the Poltava dialect), Ve represents a sound like the English W ([w]) when in the word final position. Because of this, it is not uncommon to see words ending in ⟨в⟩ transcribed to end in ⟨w⟩, for example, Владислав = Vladyslaw for Vladislav.

Additionally, some Ukrainians also use this pronunciation in words where the letter is directly preceded by a consonant, while for others all occurrences of the letter Ve denote [w]. In Eastern Ukraine, the letter Ve may represent a voiceless [f], but this is considered a Russianism, as word-final devoicing does not occur in standard Ukrainian. For example, the standard Ukrainian pronunciation of the word сказав ([he] said) is /skazaw/. However in Eastern Ukraine one is likely to hear the Russified [skazaf] (with final devoicing).

In Belarusian, the letter Ve represents only the sound /v/. In the word final position, or if directly proceeded by a consonant, it mutates to the letter Short U (Ў ў), a Belarusian letter representing the sound /w/. E.g., the Belarusian noun "language" is мова (mova), but the adjectival form is моўны (mowny), and the genitive plural of the noun (formed by removing the final ⟨а⟩) is моў (mow).

In Rusyn, the letter Ve represents the sound /v/, or /w/ if it is at the end of the word.

In Serbian and Montenegrin, the letter Ve represents only the sound /v/.

In Macedonian the letter is used for the sound /v/, but if the letter appears at the end of the word then it is pronounced as /f/. An example of this is the word бев [bɛf] ('I was').

In Tuvan, it is used for /ʋ/.

In Mongolian, Kalmyk, and Dungan, it is used for /w/.

Computing codes
Character information
PreviewВвᲀ
Unicode name CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER VE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER VE CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ROUNDED VE
Encodingsdecimalhexdechexdechex
Unicode1042U+04121074U+04327296U+1C80
UTF-8208 146D0 92208 178D0 B2225 178 128E1 B2 80
Numeric character referenceВВввᲀᲀ
Named character referenceВв
KOI8-R and KOI8-U247F7215D7
CP 855236EC235EB
Windows-1251194C2226E2
ISO-8859-5178B2210D2
Mac Cyrillic13082226E2

See also
  • The dictionary definition of В at Wiktionary
  • The dictionary definition of в at Wiktionary

References
  1. Duden (in German). Vol. 1 (22nd ed.). Mannheim: Bibliographisches Institut. 2000. p. 118. ISBN 3-411-04012-2.
  2. Campbell, George L.; Moseley, Christopher (2013-05-07). The Routledge Handbook of Scripts and Alphabets. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-22296-3.
  3. Corbett, Professor Greville; Comrie, Professor Bernard (September 2003). The Slavonic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-86137-6.
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