Urubamba antpitta
The Urubamba antpitta (Grallaria occabambae) is a bird in the family Grallariidae. The species was first described as a subspecies by Frank Chapman in 1923. It is endemic to Peru. It is a member of the rufous antpitta species complex and was elevated from subspecies to species in 2020 on the basis of differences in plumage and vocalization. The same study also described a new subspecies of Urubamba antpitta (G. o. marcapatensis).[1]
| Urubamba antpitta | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Grallariidae |
| Genus: | Grallaria |
| Species: | G. occabambae |
| Binomial name | |
| Grallaria occabambae (Chapman, 1923) | |
| Subspecies | |
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| Synonyms | |
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Taxonomy
The Urubamba antpitta was first described as a subspecies of rufous antpitta in 1923, but a 2020 study found that differences in plumage and vocalizations warrant elevation to species.
There are two subspecies of Urubamba antpitta: G. o. occabambae and G. o. marcapatensis. They are distinguishable by minor plumage differences and differences in song.[1]
The common name was given by Charles B. Cory and Carl Edward Hellmayr in 1924 and is named for the type locality of the species: Urubamba, Peru. The subspecies' specific name, marcapatensis, comes from for the Marcapata district where the type specimen was found.
Distribution and habitat
The Urubamba antpitta is endemic to the Peruvian departments of Junín and Cusco. Subspecies G. o. occabambae is found west of the Yanatili river valley, and subspecies G. o. marcapatensis is found to the Yanatili's east.[1] It inhabits humid montane forest and prefers the understory or forest floor.[2] It is found at elevations of 2,450–3,650 m.[3]
The Urubamba antpitta is separated from the closely related Ayacucho antpitta by the Apurímac river.[4]
References
- Isler, Morton L.; Chesser, R. Terry; Robbins, Mark B.; Cuervo, Andrés M.; Cadena, Carlos Daniel & Hosner, Peter A. (July 21, 2020). "Taxonomic evaluation of the Grallaria rufula (Rufous Antpitta) complex (Aves: Passeriformes: Grallariidae) distinguishes sixteen species". Zootaxa. 4817 (1): 1–74. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4817.1.1. ISSN 1175-5334.
- Prostak, Sergio (October 13, 2020). "Six New Bird Species Discovered in South America". Sci-News.com. Retrieved November 14, 2020.
- "A birder's guide to the new-look Rufous Antpitta complex". BirdGuides. July 28, 2020. Retrieved November 14, 2020.
- Chesser, R. Terry; Isler, Morton L.; Cuervo, Andrés M.; Cadena, C. Daniel; Galen, Spencer C.; Bergner, Laura M.; Fleischer, Robert C.; Bravo, Gustavo A.; Lane, Daniel F. & Hosner, Peter A. (July 1, 2020). "Conservative plumage masks extraordinary phylogenetic diversity in the Grallaria rufula (Rufous Antpitta) complex of the humid Andes". The Auk. 137 (3). doi:10.1093/auk/ukaa009. ISSN 0004-8038.