1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 29 March 1998.[1] The Communist Party of Ukraine remained the largest party in the Verkhovna Rada, winning 121 of the 445 seats.[2]

1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election
Ukraine
29 March 1998
All 450 seats in the Verkhovna Rada
226 seats needed for a majority
Turnout70.78% (Decrease 5.03 pp)
PartyLeader % Seats +/–
KPU Petro Symonenko 25.44 121 +35
Rukh Vyacheslav Chornovil 9.70 46 +26
SPU–SelPU Oleksandr Moroz 8.83 34 +1
Party of Greens Vitaliy Kononov 5.61 19 New
NDP Anatoliy Matviyenko 5.17 28 +24
Hromada Pavlo Lazarenko 4.82 24 New
PSPU Nataliya Vitrenko 4.18 16 New
SDPU(o) Leonid Kravchuk 4.14 17 New
APU Kateryna Vashchuk 3.80 9 New
PRP Serhiy Sobolyev 3.23 3 New
Labour Ukraine Ivan Herasymov 3.16 1 -1
National Front Levko Lukyanenko 2.80 5 -10
LPU–PP Volodymyr Shcherban 1.95 1 -3
CDU–UCDP Oleksandr Bazylyuk 1.79 2 +2
CDPU Vitaly Zhuravsky 1.34 2 +1
DPU–PEV Volodymyr Yavorivsky 1.27 1 -1
Viche–MBR Volodymyr Hrynyov 0.94 1 +1
PRVU Volodymyr Rybak 0.94 2 New
Soyuz Lev Myrymsʹkyy 0.72 1 New
SNPU–DSU Yaroslav Andrushkiv 0.16 1 +1
Independents – – 111 -57
Results by region
Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada before Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada after
Oleksandr Moroz
SPU–SelPU		 Oleksandr Tkachenko
SPU–SelPU
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After the election votes in five electoral districts had too many irregularities to declare a winner and the parliament was five members short of 450.

Electoral system

In comparison to the first parliamentary election, this time half of 450 parliament seats were filled by single-seat majority winners in 225 electoral regions (constituencies), and the other half were split among political parties and blocks[3] that received at least 4% of the popular vote.[4]

Results

The Communist Party of Ukraine was victorious in 18 regions including the city of Kyiv, while in three other regions the party finished in second place. The People's Movement of Ukraine (Rukh) won in five regions, all of them located in Western Ukraine and was a strong runner-up in three others, mostly in the west and Kyiv. The electoral block of Socialists and Peasants was able to secure a victory in only two regions, however it did finish strong in seven other regions across central Ukraine. The new and rising party of Hromada won the Dnipropetrovsk Region, while the Social-Democratic Party of Ukraine managed to secure the Zakarpattia Region.

Notable and strong runners up were the Party of Greens, the People's Democratic Party, the Progressive Socialist Party, the People's Party, Working Ukraine, the National Front and Our Ukraine.

PartyProportionalConstituencyTotal
seats		+/–
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Communist Party of Ukraine6,550,35325.44843,495,71113.6237121+35
People's Movement of Ukraine2,498,2629.70321,500,6485.851446+26
Socialist Party – Peasant Party2,273,7888.83291,067,2674.16534+1
Party of Greens of Ukraine1,444,2645.6119196,0440.76019+19
People's Democratic Party1,331,4605.1717985,7703.841128+24
Hromada1,242,2354.8216880,0733.43824New
Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine1,075,1184.1814231,0430.90216New
Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united)1,066,1134.1414450,5221.76317New
Agrarian Party of Ukraine978,3303.800784,2873.0699New
Reforms and Order Party832,5743.230455,1661.7733New
Laborious Ukraine (GKU–UPS)813,3263.160123,8690.4811–1
National Front (KUN–UKRP–URP)721,9662.800642,1252.5055–10
Together (LPU–PP)502,9691.950309,3711.2111–3
Forward Ukraine! (KDS–UKDP)461,9241.790129,3780.5022+2
Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine344,8261.340190,7830.7422+1
Bloc of Democratic Parties – NEP (DPU–PEV)326,4891.270275,4601.0711–1
Party of National Economic Development of Ukraine250,4760.97028,4180.1100New
SLON – Social Liberal Association (Viche–MBR)241,3670.940112,9680.44110
Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine241,2620.940204,6310.8022New
All-Ukrainian Party of Workers210,6220.82057,4630.2200New
Soyuz186,2490.72038,4670.1511New
All-Ukrainian Party of Women's Initiatives154,6500.60018,2080.0700New
Republican Christian Party143,4960.56070,0640.2700New
Ukrainian National Assembly105,9770.41088,1360.3400–1
Social Democratic Party of Ukraine85,0450.33036,6700.1400–2
Motherland Defenders Party81,8080.32026,2860.1000New
Party of Spiritual, Economic and Social Progress53,1470.21028,4180.1100New
Party of Muslims of Ukraine52,6130.2001,3420.0100New
Fewer Words (SNPU–DSU)45,1550.18065,7600.26110
European Choice of Ukraine (LDPU–USDP)37,1180.14059,4740.23000
Communist Party (Bolshevik) of Ukraine17,6560.0700New
Women's Party of Ukraine15,8670.0600New
Party of Slavic Unity of Ukraine12,4700.05000
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists1,9440.01000
Party of National Salvation of Ukraine1,5440.01000
Independents11,148,33343.43111111–57
Vacant55–
Against all1,396,5925.42–1,915,5317.46–––
Total25,749,574100.0022525,667,167100.002254500
Valid votes25,749,57496.9125,667,16796.60
Invalid/blank votes821,6993.09904,1063.40
Total votes26,571,273100.0026,571,273100.00
Registered voters/turnout37,540,09270.7837,540,09270.78
Source: Nohlen & Stöver, University of Essex

By region (single constituency)

[5]

1998 constituents winners
Crimea (10/10)
Vinnytsia Region (8/8)
Volyn Region (4/5)
Dnipropetrovsk Region (16/17)
  • Hromada 6 (1-Independent)
  • No party affiliation 5
  • Communist 3
  • Interregional bloc 1
  • Agrarian 1
Donetsk Region (21/23)
  • No party affiliation 12
  • Communist 7
  • Party of Regions 2
Zhytomyr Region (5/6)
  • No party affiliation 2
  • People-Democratic 1
  • Communist 1
  • Christian-Democratic 1
Zakarpattia Region (5/5)
  • Social-Democratic (u) 3
  • No party affiliation 2
Zaporizhzhia Region (7/9)
  • No party affiliation 3
  • Communist 3 (1-Independent)
  • Agrarian 1
Ivano-Frankivsk Region (6/6)
  • No party affiliation 2
  • National Front 2 (all CUN)
  • Labor and Liberal together 1 (Independent)
  • Christian people 1
Kirovohrad Region (3/5)
  • No party affiliation 3
Luhansk Region (12/12)
  • Communist 8
  • No party affiliation 4
Lviv Region (10/12)
  • People's Movement 2
  • Reforms and Order 2
  • National Front 2 (all Independent)
  • Fewer words 1
  • No party affiliation 1
  • Christian-Democratic 1
  • Agrarian 1
Mykolaiv Region (3/6)
  • No party affiliation 2
  • Reforms and Order 1
Odesa Region (10/11)
  • No party affiliation 6
  • Communist 2
  • Agrarian 1 (Independent)
  • Social and Peasant 1
Kyiv Region (7/8)
  • No party affiliation 4
  • Social and Peasant 1 (Socialist)
  • Agrarian 1
  • People's Movement 1
Poltava Region (8/8)
  • Communist 3
  • No party affiliation 2
  • People's Movement 1
  • People-Democratic 1 (Independent)
  • Forward 1 (Independent)
Rivne Region (5/5)
  • People's Movement 3
  • No party affiliation 2
Sumy Region (6/6)
  • No party affiliation 2
  • Progressive Socialist 2
  • Communist 1
  • Justice 1
Ternopil Region (4/5)
  • People's Movement 2
  • No party affiliation 1
  • National Front 1 (CUN)
Kharkiv Region (12/14)
  • No party affiliation 6
  • Communist 2
  • Agrarian 1
  • Social and Peasant 1 (Independent)
  • Progressive Socialist 1 (Independent)
  • People-Democratic 1
Kherson Region (6/6)
  • No party affiliation 2
  • Hromada 1
  • Communist 1
  • Christian-Democratic 1
  • Social and Peasant 1 (Socialist)
Khmelnytskyi Region (7/7)
  • No party affiliation 4
  • Republican 1
  • Socialist 1
  • Communist 1
Cherkasy Region (7/7)
  • No party affiliation 3
  • Communist 2
  • Social and Peasant 1 (Peasant)
  • People-Democratic 1
Chernivtsi Region (4/4)
  • No party affiliation 3
  • People's Movement 1
Chernihiv Region (5/6)
  • No party affiliation 4
  • People-Democratic 1
Kyiv (11/12)
  • No party affiliation 8
  • Democratic Parties 1 (Independent)
  • People's Movement 1
  • Reforms and Order 1
Sevastopol (2/2)
  • No party affiliation 1
  • Communist 1

Party affiliation changes after the elections

The size of the factions created in parliament after the election fluctuated.[6] By January 2000, the Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine and Hromada had not had any deputies; while Peasant Party of Ukraine had deputies only in 1999.[6] All these factions where disbanded due to the lack of members.[7]

Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine (later to become the biggest party of Ukraine as Party of Regions[8]) grew massively in parliament (after in March 2001 it united with four parties) from 2 deputies elected in this election to a faction of 24 people in July 2002 (one deputy left the faction later).[6][9][10] Later to become second biggest party of Ukraine,[8] Batkivshchyna, started its existence as a faction when in the spring of 1999 members of Hromada left their party to join other parliament factions, among them Yulia Tymoshenko who set up the parliamentary faction "Batkivshchyna" in March 1999.[11][12][13]

People's Movement of Ukraine split into 2 different factions in the spring of 1999 (the largest membership of the breakaway faction led by Hennadiy Udovenko was 19 and ended with 14, the "other" faction ended with 23; meaning that 10 elected People's Movement of Ukraine deputies did not represent any segment of the party anymore by June 2002).[6][7]

Other mayor "non-elected" factions/parties to emerge in parliament after the election were: Solidarity[14] (27 to 20 members[6]) and Labour Ukraine[15] (38 members in June 2002[6]); by June 2002 the parliament had 8 more factions then its original 8 in May 1998.[6]

References
  1. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1976 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. Nohlen & Stöver, p1991
  3. Against All Odds: Aiding Political Parties in Georgia and Ukraine (UvA Proefschriften) by Max Bader, Vossiuspers UvA, 2010, ISBN 90-5629-631-0 (page 93)
  4. Parliamentary chronicles, The Ukrainian Week (30 November 2018)
  5. Deputies/Elected in multi-mandate constituency/Elections 29.11.1998 Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine, Central Election Commission of Ukraine
  6. Understanding Ukrainian Politics: Power, Politics, and Institutional Design by Paul D'Anieri, M.E. Sharpe, 2006, ISBN 978-0-7656-1811-5
  7. Ukraine and Russia: The Post-Soviet Transition by Roman Solchanyk, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2001 ISBN 0742510174
  8. After the parliamentary elections in Ukraine: a tough victory for the Party of Regions Archived 2013-03-17 at the Wayback Machine, Centre for Eastern Studies (7 November 2012)
  9. 2001 Political sketches: too early for summing up, Central European University (January 4, 2002)
  10. Ukraine Political Parties, GlobalSecurity.org
  11. Revolution in Orange: The Origins of Ukraine's Democratic Breakthrough by Anders Aslund and Michael A. McFaul, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2006, ISBN 978-0-87003-221-9
  12. State Building in Ukraine: The Ukrainian Parliament, 1990-2003 by Sarah Whitmore, Routledge, 2004, ISBN 978-0-415-33195-1, page 106
  13. (in Ukrainian) Всеукраїнське об'єднання "Батьківщина" All-Ukrainian Union Batkivshchyna, RBC Ukraine
  14. Ukrainian Political Update Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine by Taras Kuzio and Alex Frishberg, Frishberg & Partners, 21 February 2008 (page 22)
  15. Explaining State Capture and State Capture Modes Archived 2012-09-29 at the Wayback Machine by Oleksiy Omelyanchuk, Central European University, 2001 (page 22)
    Trudova Ukraina elects a new chairman, Policy Documentation Center (November 27, 2000)
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