Trypanosoma suis

Trypanosoma suis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Phylum:	Euglenozoa
Class:	Kinetoplastea
Order:	Trypanosomatida
Family:	Trypanosomatidae
Genus:	Trypanosoma
Species:	T. suis
Binomial name
	Trypanosoma suis; Ochmann, 1905

Trypanosoma suis is a species of excavate trypanosome in the genus Trypanosoma that causes one form of the surra disease in animals. It infects pigs. It does not infect humans.

Discovery

Trypanosoma suis was first encountered and described by Ochmann in 1905. He found the parasite in a herd of sick pigs in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. Hence the name as the word suis means pig. Eventually it was lost in consecutive renaming of the parasite until the 1950s.

Rediscovered

Trypanosoma suis is rarely seen and has been lost and rediscovered several times. In the 1950s T. suis is rediscovered in Burundi by two Belgian researchers.[1]

T. suis remains the most rare member of the Salivarian trypanosomes. The only isolated specimen known of this species is kept at the Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute, Nairobi.[2]

The next detection was only made by Hutchinson and Gibson 2015. Newly developed molecular biology methods allowed the discovery of an uncertain Trypanosoma in samples from a few years prior from Tanzania and the Central African Republic. This molecular profile was then applied to blood smear slides from 1952 and 1953, a match was found, and the rediscovery of T. suis was declared.[3]^: 323^: 335

Transmission

The parasite is known to be transmitted by the tsetse fly[4] Glossina brevipalpis.[1]

References

Van Den Berghe, L.; Zaghi, A. J. (1963). "Wild Pigs as Hosts of Glossina vanhoofi Henrard and Trypanosoma suis Ochmann in the Central African Forest". Nature. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. 197 (4872): 1126–1127. Bibcode:1963Natur.197.1126V. doi:10.1038/1971126a0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 4147646.
Gibson, W. C.; Stevens, J. R.; Mwendia, C. M. T.; Makumi, J. N.; Ngotho, J. M. (2001-07-12). "Unravelling the phylogenetic relationships of African trypanosomes of suids". Parasitology. Cambridge University Press (CUP). 122 (6): 625–631. doi:10.1017/S0031182001007880. ISSN 1469-8161. PMID 11444615. S2CID 22316767.
Hamilton, P.B.; Stevens, J.R. (2017). "17 Classification and phylogeny of Trypanosoma cruzi". In Telleria, Jenny; Tibayrenc, Michel (eds.). American Trypanosomiasis Chagas Disease : One Hundred Years Of Research. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. pp. 321–344/xx+826. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801029-7.00015-0. ISBN 9780128010297. S2CID 83229726. ISBN 0128010290.
"Tsetse biology, systematics and distribution, techniques". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 2022-01-04.

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[Berghe-Zaghi-1963-1] Van Den Berghe, L.; Zaghi, A. J. (1963). "Wild Pigs as Hosts of Glossina vanhoofi Henrard and Trypanosoma suis Ochmann in the Central African Forest". Nature. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. 197 (4872): 1126–1127. Bibcode:1963Natur.197.1126V. doi:10.1038/1971126a0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 4147646.

[Gibson-et-al-2001-2] Gibson, W. C.; Stevens, J. R.; Mwendia, C. M. T.; Makumi, J. N.; Ngotho, J. M. (2001-07-12). "Unravelling the phylogenetic relationships of African trypanosomes of suids". Parasitology. Cambridge University Press (CUP). 122 (6): 625–631. doi:10.1017/S0031182001007880. ISSN 1469-8161. PMID 11444615. S2CID 22316767.

[Hamilton-Stevens-2017-3] Hamilton, P.B.; Stevens, J.R. (2017). "17 Classification and phylogeny of Trypanosoma cruzi". In Telleria, Jenny; Tibayrenc, Michel (eds.). American Trypanosomiasis Chagas Disease : One Hundred Years Of Research. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. pp. 321–344/xx+826. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801029-7.00015-0. ISBN 9780128010297. S2CID 83229726. ISBN 0128010290.

[UNFAO-tsetse-4] "Tsetse biology, systematics and distribution, techniques". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved 2022-01-04.