Tionety uezd
The Tionety uezd[lower-alpha 1] was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Tionety (present-day Tianeti).[1] The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Mtskheta-Mtianeti region of Georgia.
Tionety uezd
Тіонетскій уѣздъ | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms | |
 Location in the Tiflis Governorate | |
| Country | Russian Empire |
| Governorate | Tiflis |
| Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
| Established | 1874 |
| Abolished | 1930 |
| Capital | Tionety (present-day Tianeti) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 4,836.83 km2 (1,867.51 sq mi) |
| Population (1916) | |
| • Total | 49,350 |
| • Density | 10/km2 (26/sq mi) |
| • Rural | 100.00% |
History
Following the Russian Revolution, the Tionety uezd was incorporated into the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia.[1]
Administrative divisions
The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Tionety uezd in 1913 were as follows:[2]
| Name | 1912 population | Area |
|---|---|---|
| Pshavo-Khevsuretskiy uchastok (Пшаво-Хевсуретскій участокъ) | 13,967 | 1,781.87 square versts (2,027.88 km2; 782.97 sq mi) |
| Tushino-Kakhetinskiy uchastok (Тушино-Кахетинскій участокъ) | 13,017 | 1,601.16 square versts (1,822.22 km2; 703.56 sq mi) |
| Ertsoyskiy uchastok (Эрцойскій участокъ) | 16,403 | 867.03 square versts (986.73 km2; 380.98 sq mi) |
Demographics
Russian Empire Census
According to the Russian Empire Census, the Tionety uezd had a population of 34,153 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 16,431 men and 17,722 women. The majority of the population indicated Georgian to be their mother tongue, with a significant Chechen speaking minority.[3]
| Language | Native speakers | % |
|---|---|---|
| Georgian | 30,302 | 88.72 |
| Chechen | 2,113 | 6.19 |
| Russian | 637 | 1.87 |
| Armenian | 538 | 1.58 |
| Kist | 284 | 0.83 |
| Ossetian | 227 | 0.66 |
| Persian | 24 | 0.07 |
| Turkish | 10 | 0.03 |
| Avar-Andean | 6 | 0.02 |
| Greek | 5 | 0.01 |
| Tatar[lower-alpha 2] | 3 | 0.01 |
| Belarusian | 1 | 0.00 |
| French | 1 | 0.00 |
| Jewish | 1 | 0.00 |
| Polish | 1 | 0.00 |
| TOTAL | 34,153 | 100.00 |
Kavkazskiy kalendar
According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Tionety uezd had a population of 49,350 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 24,402 men and 24,948 women, 48,666 of whom were the permanent population, and 684 were temporary residents:[6]
| Nationality | Number | % |
|---|---|---|
| Georgians | 47,515 | 96.28 |
| Armenians | 1,726 | 3.50 |
| Russians | 56 | 0.11 |
| North Caucasians | 39 | 0.08 |
| Jews | 12 | 0.02 |
| Other Europeans | 2 | 0.00 |
| TOTAL | 49,350 | 100.00 |
Notes
- Prior to 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918 with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[4][5]
References
- Tsutsiev 2014.
- Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 164–175.
- "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
- Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
- Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
- Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 206–213.
Bibliography
- Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.
- Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
- Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
- Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
- Kazemzadeh, Firuz (1951). The Struggle for Transcaucasia (1917–1921). New York City: Philosophical Library. ISBN 978-0-95-600040-8.
- Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.