Thelymitra dedmaniarum

Thelymitra dedmaniarum, commonly called the cinnamon sun orchid,[2] is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It has a single flat, leathery leaf and up to fifteen cinnamon scented, golden yellow flowers. It is a rare orchid with a restricted distribution.

Cinnamon sun orchid
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Thelymitra
Species:
T. dedmaniarum
Binomial name
Thelymitra dedmaniarum

Description

Thelymitra dedmaniarum is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single flat, leathery, lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaf 70–180 mm (3–7 in) long and 30–50 mm (1–2 in) wide. Between two and fifteen golden yellow flowers often with a reddish brown centre, 40–50 mm (1.6–2.0 in) wide are borne on a flowering stem 250–500 mm (10–20 in) tall. The sepals and petals are 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) long and 5–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide. The column is yellow or orange, 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide and has broad wings with teeth on its edges. The lobe on the top of the anther has a club-like lobe on its top. Flowering occurs in November and December. The flowers are cinnamon scented, insect pollinated and open freely on warm days.[2][3][4][5]

Taxonomy and naming

Thelymitra dedmaniarum was first formally described in 1938 by Richard Sanders Rogers from a specimen collected near Toodyay and the description was published in Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia.[6] Rogers published the name as Thelymitra dedmanae but this is an orthographical variant or "spelling mistake".[7][8] The specific epithet (dedmaniarum) honours Carlotta Maud Dedman and Winifred Hilda Dedman, the collectors of the type specimen.[4]

Distribution and habitat

The cinnamon sun orchid grows in woodland between Red Hill and Wooroloo in the Jarrah Forest and Swan Coastal Plain biogeographic regions.[2][3][4][9]

Conservation

Thelymitra dedmaniarum is classified as "Threatened Flora (Declared Rare Flora — Extant)" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife[9] and as "Endangered" (EN) under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The main threats to the species are weed invasion, trampling and grazing by feral pigs and rabbits, and habitat disturbance.[10]

References
  1. "Thelymitra dedmaniarum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 251. ISBN 1877069124.
  3. Jeanes, Jeffrey A. (2006). "Resolution of the Thelymitra fuscolutea R. Br. (Orchidaceae) complex of southern Australia" (PDF). Muelleria. 24: 17–18. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  4. Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 418. ISBN 9780980296457.
  5. Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 289. ISBN 9780646562322.
  6. "Thelymitra dedmaniarum". APNI. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  7. "Thelymitra dedmanae". APNI. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  8. Rogers, Richard S. (1938). "Contributions to the orchidology of Australia". Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. 62 (1): 13. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  9. "Thelymitra dedmaniarum". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  10. "Conservation advice - Thelymitra dedmaniarum" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
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