Tetrachlorozincate

Tetrachlorozincate is an anion with the formula [ZnCl4]2−. It is a counterion that is often used in conjunction with strong electrophiles. Being dianionic, tetrachlorozincate is not classified as a weakly coordinating anion. On the other hand, being dianionic, tetrachlorozincate facilitates the crystallization of many salts. It has a tetrahedral molecular geometry. A simple example is [NH4]2[ZnCl4] (ammonium tetrachlorozincate).[2] Zincates are anionic zinc complexes.

Tetrachlorozincate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1S/4ClH.Zn/h4*1H;/q;;;;+2/p-4
    Key: PZVVXRYHDITUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J
  • Cl[Zn-2](Cl)(Cl)Cl
Properties
[ZnCl4]2−
Molar mass 207.18 g·mol−1
Related compounds
Other anions
 Tetrafluorozincate
Other cations
 Tetrachlorocuprate
Tetrachloronickelate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
Portion of the crystal structure of the salt hexaacetonitrilenickel(II) tetrachlorozincate ([Ni(CH3CN)6]2+[ZnCl4]2−).[1]

Related to the preparation of Lucas' reagent, tetrachlorozincates are often generated by combining hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride.

The structure of [Zn2Cl6]2−.

A related anion is [Zn2Cl6]2−, in which again Zn(II) adopts a tetrahedral geometry.[3]

References
  1. I. Sotofte; R. G. Hazell; S. E. Rasmussen (1976). "Hexaacetonitrilenickel(II) tetrachlorozincate. A crystal structure with serious overlap in the Patterson function". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 32 (6): 1692–1696. doi:10.1107/S0567740876006249.
  2. F. Wagenknecht; R. Juza (1963). "Ammonium Tetrachlorozincate". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 1. New York, NY: Academic Press. p. 1072.
  3. F. A. Cotton; S.A.Duraj; W.J. Roth (1985). "Two Compounds Containing the Tris(μ-chloro)hexakis(tetrahydrofuran)divanadium(II) Cation. Preparation, Structures, and Spectroscopic Characterization". Inorg. Chem. 24 (6): 913. doi:10.1021/ic00200a023.
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