Tarleton Cap

The Tarleton cap, or Tarleton helmet is a type of cavalry helmet that gained popularity in Britain during the late 18th century. It was named after Lt. Col. Sir Banestre Tarleton, a British cavalry officer known for his role in the American Revolutionary War.,[1] and was known as the handsomest of helmets, and was much admired by foreign nations.[2][3] Used by light infantry and light cavalry, it consisted of a metal or leather helmet with antique style applications, a high comb of fur, bearskin or horsehair (woollen for lower ranks)and a fur plume protruding far into the upper front side. It was produced between 1793 and 1815.[4]

Tarleton introduced to the British Legion, and wore himself, a leather helmet with antique style applications and a fur plume (woollen for lower ranks) protruding far into the upper front side. It is depicted in Sir Joshua Reynolds' portrait of Tarleton above and was named after the officer. The helmet was used by British horse artillery troops until the end of the Napoleonic Wars as well as by light dragoon regiments from about 1796 to 1812.[5] It was based on the Continental European dragoon helmet that became popular in several other armies before it fell out of fashion.[6]

History

The Tarleton helmet was introduced during the latter half of the 18th century and was predominantly used by British light cavalry and some infantry units. Its design offered protection while also giving the wearer a distinct and recognizable appearance.

Banastre Tarleton, for whom the helmet is named, was a prominent figure in the American Revolutionary War, particularly recognized for his leadership of the British Legion, a loyalist cavalry and infantry force.

Design

The helmet is characterized by its leather construction, a crest or comb on top, and a large frontal peak. It typically had a chain chinstrap and was adorned with a side plume, often made of horsehair, which could be dyed in various colors to signify different units or ranks.

The front of the helmet often bore a metal badge or emblem related to the wearer's unit.

The crest is inspired may have been inspired by the dressed hair of the Mohican.[7]

The helmet was the origin of a fashion for the use of a tassel as decoation on the rear of later 19th-century dragoon helmets.[8]

Usage

Beyond the American Revolutionary War, the Tarleton helmet saw use in various other conflicts and settings but gradually fell out of favor as newer designs and military standards evolved in the 19th century.

Legacy

While the Tarleton helmet is no longer in military use, it remains an iconic piece of military fashion and is often seen in historical reenactments, parades, and museums. The helmet originated a style for later 19th-century dragoon helmets to be decorated with a tassel at the rear of the helmet.[9]

References
  1. "England - Tarleton cap". www.rct.uk. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  2. "Tarleton pattern helmet, Wiltshire Yeomanry Cavalry, 1800 (c) | Online Collection | National Army Museum, London". collection.nam.ac.uk. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  3. "Officer's Tarleton pattern helmet, Light Dragoons, 1806 (c) | Online Collection | National Army Museum, London". collection.nam.ac.uk. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  4. "Tarleton Helmet | York Museums Trust". www.yorkmuseumstrust.org.uk. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  5. "British Artillery : Napoleonic Wars : Horse : Foot : Rockets : Uniforms". www.napolun.com.
  6. "Top 10 Banastre Tarleton Myths – Journal of the American Revolution". 20 September 2023.
  7. Kavanagh, Gaynor (1 December 2005). "Making Histories in Museums". Bloomsbury Publishing. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  8. Haythornthwaite, P. J. (1980). "1771. AN OFFICER OF THE BOMBAY HORSE ARTILLERY, c 1850". Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research. pp. 175–176. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  9. Haythornthwaite, P. J. (1980). "1771. AN OFFICER OF THE BOMBAY HORSE ARTILLERY, c 1850". Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research. pp. 175–176. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
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