Talkhig of Shali

Talkhig of Shali[lower-alpha 1] was a 19th-century North Caucasian commander. A native of Shali and a representative of the taip Kurchaloy, he was a military leader and statesman of the North Caucasian Imamate. He was also a mudir (general-naib) and head of artillery of the North Caucasian Imamate, as well as a naib of the districts of Shali and Greater Chechnya.

Talkhig of Shali
Naib Talkhig Shalinsky (Argunsky)
Native name
Шелар Тӏалхиг
Born1800
Shali, Chechnya
Died1861
Shali, Caucasian Imamate
Allegiance Caucasian Imamate
Service/branchArmy
Years of service1840-1859
RankLieutenant General
Commands heldArtillery Corps
Battles/warsCaucasian War
Battle of Ichkeria (1842)
Battle of Dargo (1845)
Battle of Gordali (1852)

Chronology

In August 1845, Talkhig was appointed the leader of Greater Chechnya. From the summer of 1850 until the end of the Caucasian War, the fortification of Talkhig was repeatedly attacked by Russian troops under the command of Major General P. S. Sleptsov, Baron E. I. Meidel, Prince A. I. Baryatinsky, Baron A. E. Wrangel, Baron L. P. Nikolai and Count N. I. Evdokimov.[1]

February 8–11, 1849, when cutting a clearing in the direction of the Shali glade, he participated in the battle with the troops of colonels E. I. Meidel and Seryabrekov.

January 24 - March 8, 1850. Cutting of clearing to Shali. Artillery of Talkhig takes part in the battles for the Shali Forest.

January 8–24, 1851, when cutting a clearing along the Bass River, Talkhig successfully repulsed the attacks of General L. P. Nikolai on the Shali trenches.

On February 20, 1851, on the Bass River, he took part in the battle against the detachment of General I. A. Vrevsky.

On September 27, 1851, Baryatinsky defeated General Talkhig Shalin at the village of Churtogay. On December 30, 1853, Talkhig participated in the battle against the detachment of Russian Major-General Baklanov at the village of Gordali.

On September 28, 1854, together with Eski Mishchikovsky, Talkhig participated in the battle against the detachment Wrangel on the Argun River.

In 1859 Talkhig gave in and retired. He wrote a chronicle in Arabic. He died from the consequences of wounds received in battles. Talkhig was buried in the village of Shali.[2]

Artillery tactics
Chechen artillerymen

General Talkhig laid the foundation for horse-mountain artillery and one of the earliest inventors of the "Nomadic artillery" tactics refereed today as Shoot-and-scoot according to the Russian historian and professor Nikolay Smirnov.[3]

For the Tsarist troops, Talkhig's innovations were completely unexpected. Talkhig's artillery was practically elusive: having given several shots from guns at the tsarist troops, he quickly moved on a horse-drawn carriage to another place, from where he again inflicted damage on the Russians. This was repeated periodically. Dragoons and Cossacks who rushed to the sound of shots did not find artillery on the spot. The Russians called this tactic of the mountaineers "nomadic artillery".

— Dalhan Khozaev, Чеченцы в Русско-Кавказской войне, Чеченцы в Русско-Кавказской войне

Notes
  1. Chechen: Шелар Тӏалхиг, romanized: Shelar Thalkhig, Russian: Талхиг Шалинский, romanized: Talkhig Shalinskiy

References
  1. Belevich K. P. Several paintings from the Caucasian war and the customs of the highlanders. - St. Petersburg, 1910.
  2. Далхан Хожаев. Чеченцы в Русско-Кавказской войне. Издательство «СЕДА» 1998 ISBN 5-85973-012-8
  3. Smirnov, Nikolay (1963). Мюридизм на Кавказе. Moscow: Академия наук СССР.

Further reading
  • Академия наук Чеченской Республики Институт гуманитарных исследований История Чечни с древнейших времен до наших дней В четырех томах Том III Грозный ФГУП "ИПК «Грозненский рабочий» 2013
  • Далхан Хожаев. Чеченцы в Русско-Кавказской войне. Издательство «Седа» 1998 ISBN 5-85973-012-8
  • "Записки М. Я. Ольшевского. Кавказ с 1841 по 1866 г" (1) (Русская старина ed.). 1894: 156–180. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Зиссерман А. Л. История 80-го пехотного Кабардинского генерал-фельдмаршала князя Барятинского полка. (1726—1880). Т. 3
  • Вилинбахов В. Б. Артиллерия Шамиля. Учёные записки Дагестанского филиала АН СССР, Т. II. Махачкала. 1963.
  • Гаджиев В. Г. Военная организация и воинские знаки отличия в государстве Шамиля в книге «Государства и государственные учреждения в дореволюционном Дагестане». Махачкала. 1989.
  • Журнал «Воин», «Солдаты» гор. Войско горцев времён имама Шамиля в 1830—1860 гг. No. 13-14/2003 Автор публикации: В. В. Стецов.
  • Казбек Г. Н. Куринцы в Чечне и Дагестане. 1834—1861 г. Очерк истории 79 пехотного Куринского Его Императорского Высочества Великого Князя Павла Александровича полка. — Тифлис, 1885 С. 302–309.
  • Брюховецкий Г. А. 100 лет боевой и мирной жизни 79-го Пехотного Куринского полка 1802—1902 гг. краткие очерки из истории полка для нижних чинов год 1902
  • "Николаи Л. П. Выписки из дневника. Материалы для истории Кавказской войны" (4) (Кавказская старина ed.). Тифлис. 1872: 19–40. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Марков М. И. (1894). История конницы. Часть 4-я. Отдел II, III. Взятие Шалинского окопа 22 августа 1850 года. Тверь. pp. 176–180.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Круглов А. И.,  Нечитайлов М. В. Вооружённые силы имамата горцев Северного Кавказа (1829—1859 гг.)
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