Tadeusz Popek

Popek was born in Chodenice in Lesser Poland. In 1938 he graduated from the philology department of the Jagiellonian University (UJ) in Kraków. Soon after the Nazi occupation of Poland, he was active in sabotaging the railroad tracks near Bochnia, and then moved with his mother Aniela to Łopuszna for their safety. From there, they went to Nowy Targ, where Popek obtained a position as a clerk at the office of Nazi Kriminalpolizei near the town centre, and began collecting classified information for the Polish underground.[2][3]

In May 1941, Popek met Augustyn Suski, another graduate of UJ working for the resistance. Together, they created the clandestine Tatra Confederation, with Jadwiga Apostoł (nom-de-guerre Barbara Spytkowska) as their administrative secretary.[2][3][4] The purpose of the Tatra Confederation was to oppose the implementation of the Goralenvolk action by Germany, aimed at the germanization of the Polish highlanders.[1][5] However, his underground work ended in late January 1942 as a result of the infiltration of their group by the Gestapo agent and former acquaintance, Hainz Wegner-Romanowski.[6] Popek was arrested and interrogated, tortured and taken to an execution centre at the Palace Hotel in Zakopane (dubbed the "Death's Head Resort" by the locals). Two days later, along with his co-conspirator Jan Dzielski, he spotted an unlocked window at the second-floor prisoner washstand. On February 2, 1942, the two jumped out into the back-alley and ran in opposite directions. Popek and Dzielski are the only two prisoners known to have escaped from the Palace. The Gestapo set a 10,000 zloty reward for Popek's arrest.[2][3]

Popek was turned in by a traitor while hiding deep in the Gorce Mountains, and re-captured on August 22, 1942.[7] He was brought back to the Palace Hotel. Many Germans stopped to get a glimpse of this "dangerous" fugitive. He was taken around various locations as living proof of the effectiveness of Nazi intelligence.[6] Chained by his hands and legs to a wall in the cellar, Popek was tortured for a month. He did not disclose anything, and was executed in the courtyard of the Palace Hotel by a firing squad on September 17, 1942. His mother, Aniela Popek, was sent to Auschwitz, where she was murdered in April 1943. The body of Tadeusz Popek was exhumed by the Polish communist authorities in 1946 as evidence during the court case of Goralenvolk leaders, and re-buried in Zakopane, at the Nowotarska Street cemetery.[2][3]

• Daniel Strzałka, "Walce o Polskę wszystkie swe siły oddam", czyli rzecz o Konfederacji Tatrzańskiej. Redakcja, Komendant, Naczelnik, Marszałek. Józef Piłsudski i jego czasy. ISSN 1899-8348
• Jadwiga Apostoł-Staniszewska, Echa okupacyjnych lat, Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, Warsaw 1973
• Sylwester Leczykiewicz, Konfederacja Tatrzańska, Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, Warsaw 1976