Spotted antbird

The spotted antbird (Hylophylax naevioides) is a species of bird in the family Thamnophilidae. In southern Central America, it is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama; also Colombia and Ecuador of northwestern South America. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.

Spotted antbird
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Thamnophilidae
Genus: Hylophylax
Species:
H. naevioides
Binomial name
Hylophylax naevioides
(Lafresnaye, 1847)

Description
Female - Panama
Juvenile - Altos Del Maria - El Valle, Panama

A smallish bird, measuring 11 cm (4.3 in) and weighing 16–19.5 g (0.56–0.69 oz). The male spotted antbird's plumage is a distinctive combination of a necklace of large black spots on a white chest, chestnut back, grey head, and black throat. The female is a duller version of the male, but also distinctive with large chest spots and two wide buffy wing-bars.[2]

Distribution and habitat

Forages as individuals or pairs in lower levels of mature, humid forests. Found in lowlands and foothills up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft).[2][3]

Behaviour

Spotted antbirds are known to follow army ant swarms to catch insects and other small animals trying to flee. They eat spiders, scorpions, cockroaches, katydids, crickets, centipedes, sowbugs, moths, beetles, caterpillars, ants, bristletails and, on occasion, lizards and frogs.

This bird is an open-cup nesting species that lays an average clutch of 2 maroon-splotched white eggs,[4][5] which both adults incubate.[6] The nestling period is 11 days.[4][6]

References
  1. BirdLife International (2016). "Hylophylax naevioides". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22701911A93854354. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22701911A93854354.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. Angehr, George R.; Dean, Robert (2010). The Birds of Panama: A Field Guide. Zona Tropical. pp. 214–215. ISBN 978-0-8014-7674-7.
  3. Garrigues, Richard; Dean, Robert (2007). The Birds of Costa Rica: A Field Guide. Zona Tropical. pp. 180–181. ISBN 978-0-8014-7373-9.
  4. Skutch, Alexander F. (1945). "Incubation and nestling periods of Central American birds" (PDF). The Auk. 62 (1): 8–37. doi:10.2307/4079958. JSTOR 4079958.
  5. "Life History - Spotted Antbird". Neotropical Birds Online. The Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University. Retrieved 6 March 2014.
  6. Skutch, Alexander F. (1969). "Spotted antbird" (PDF). Life Histories of Central American Birds III: Families Cotingidae, Pipridae, Formicariidae, Furnariidae, Dendrocolaptidae, and Picidae. Pacific Coast Avifauna, Number 35. Berkeley, California: Cooper Ornithological Society. pp. 245–247.

Further reading

Styrsky, J.N.; Brawn, J.D. (2011). "Annual fecundity of a Neotropical bird during years of high and low rainfall". Condor. 11 (1): 194–199. doi:10.1525/cond.2011.100051. S2CID 84481307.

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