Sporocadus

Sporocadus is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae.[2]

Sporocadus
Sporocadus rosigena on a leaf of Quercus ilex
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Ascomycota
Class:
Sordariomycetes
Order:
Amphisphaeriales
Family:
Sporocadaceae
Genus:
Sporocadus

Corda (1839) [1]

Species of the family Sporocadaceae are endophytic, plant pathogenic or saprobic, and associated with a wide range of host plants.[3]

Sporocadus was established by Corda (in 1839) to include four species, but with no mention of the type. Hughes (in 1958) tried to lectotypify Sporocadus based on Sporocadus lichenicola. The genus was once synonymised under Seimatosporium by Sutton (in 1975), but was later classified as a distinct genus by Brockman (in 1976) and Nag Raj (in 1993). Liu et al. (2019a) showed that both Sporocadus and Seimatosporium are phylogenetically distinct and species in Sporocadus lack appendages.[4]

It is one of the fungal species associated with grapevine trunk diseases in Washington wine grapes and California table grapes in North America, especially Sporocadus incarnatus.[5] Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), caused by a complex of fungi (including Inonotus, Diatrype, Sporocadus and Phaeoacremonium species), are a global threat to vineyard longevity.[6]

Collections of fungal samples from two dead leaf specimens from Italy found that Discosia ravennicasp and Sporocadus rosigena, two different genera in Xylariomycetidae subclass and Sordariomycetes class had been reported as being new hosts on Quercus ilex in 2021.[7]

Distribution

It is has a wide distribution, found in North America,[5] Europe (including Italy,[7]) and New Zealand.[6][8]

Species

As accepted by Species Fungorum;[9]

  • Sporocadus acerinus (Bäumler) M. Morelet (1985)
  • Sporocadus biseptatus F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus cornicola (Wijayaw. & Camporesi) F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus cotini F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus dacicus (Săvul. & Hulea) M. Morelet (1985)
  • Sporocadus incanus F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus mali F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus microcyclus F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus multiseptatus F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus populinus (Bres.) Orsenigo, Rodondi & B. Sutton (1998)
  • Sporocadus rosarum (Henn.) F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus rosigena F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)[3][7]
  • Sporocadus rotundatus F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus sorbi (Wijayaw., Camporesi & K.D. Hyde) F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)
  • Sporocadus trimerus (Sacc.) Arx (1981)
  • Sporocadus trimorphus F. Liu, L. Cai & Crous (2018)

Former species;[9]

  • S. banksiae (H.J. Swart & D.A. Griffiths) Arx (1981) = Cooksonomyces banksiae, Ascomycota
  • S. berckmansii (Milbrath) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium berckmansii, Sporocadaceae
  • S. caninus (Brunaud) Brockmann (1976) = Seimatosporium caninum, Sporocadaceae
  • S. carpophilus (Lév.) Arx (1981) = Stigmina carpophila, Mycosphaerellaceae
  • S. cassiopes (Rostr.) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium cassiopes, Sporocadaceae
  • S. caudata Preuss (1851) = Seimatosporium caudatum, Sporocadaceae
  • S. compactus (Sacc.) Arx (1981) = Thyrostroma compactum, Botryosphaeriaceae
  • S. corni-albae (Roum.) Orsenigo, Rodondi & B. Sutton (1998) = Coryneopsis corni-albae, Sporocadaceae
  • S. georginae Corda (1839) = Metadiplodia georginae, Ascomycota
  • S. glandigenus (Bubák & Gonz. Frag.) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium glandigenum, Sporocadaceae
  • S. herbarum Corda (1839) = Diplodia herbarum, Botryosphaeriaceae
  • S. lichenicola Corda (1839) = Discostroma corticola, Sporocadaceae
  • S. longestipitatus (Berl. & Bres.) Orsenigo, Rodondi & B. Sutton (1998) = Coryneum longistipitatum, Coryneaceae
  • S. macrospermus (Berk. & Broome) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium macrospermum, Sporocadaceae
  • S. maculans Corda (1839) = Pestalotiopsis maculans, Pestalotiopsidaceae
  • S. missionus (Speg.) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium missionum, Sporocadaceae
  • S. pestalozzioides (Sacc.) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium pestalozzioides, Sporocadaceae
  • S. pezizoides (Ellis & Everh.) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium pezizoides, Sporocadaceae
  • S. platani (Fuckel) Arx (1981) = Pseudocercospora platanigena, Mycosphaerellaceae
  • S. pyriformis Preuss (1853) = Metadiplodia pyriformis, Ascomycota
  • S. rhododendri (Schwein.) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium rhododendri, Sporocadaceae
  • S. vaccinii (Fuckel) M. Morelet (1985) = Seimatosporium vaccinii, Sporocadaceae

References
  1. Icon. fung. (Prague) 3: 23 (1839)
  2. Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
  3. Liu, F.; Bonthond, G.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Cai, L.; Crous, P.W. (March 2019). "Sporocadaceae, a family of coelomycetous fungi with appendage-bearing conidia". Studies in Mycology. 92: 287–415. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2018.11.001. PMC 6298422. PMID 30584265.
  4. Chethana, Thilini (14 November 2022). "Sporocadus - Facesoffungi number: FoF 13580". Faces Of Fungi. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  5. Travadon, Renaud; Lawrence, Daniel P.; Moyer, Michelle M.; Fujiyoshi, Phillip T.; Baumgartner, Kendra (7 October 2022). "Fungal species associated with grapevine trunk diseases in Washington wine grapes and California table grapes, with novelties in the genera Cadophora, Cytospora, and Sporocadus". Front. Fungal Biol. 3 (Sec. Fungi-Plant Interactions). doi:10.3389/ffunb.2022.1018140. PMC 10512239. PMID 37746176.
  6. Mundy, Dion C.; Brown, Albre; Jacobo, Fernanda; Tennakoon, Kulatunga; Woolley, Rebecca H.; Vanga, Bhanupratap; Tyson, Joy; Johnston, Peter; Ridgway, Hayley J.; Bulman, Simon (2020). "Pathogenic fungi isolated in association with grapevine trunk diseases in New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science. 48 (2): 84–96. doi:10.1080/01140671.2020.1716813. S2CID 213032421.
  7. Bundhun, Digvijayini; Jeewon, Rajesh; Senanayake, Indunil C.; Erio, Camporesi; Aluthmuhandiram, Janith V. S.; Tang, Alvin M. C.; Ji-Chuan, Kang; Bhoyroo, Vishwakalyan; Hyde, Kevin D. (2021). [mycokeys.79.60662 "Morpho-molecular characterization of Discosia ravennica sp. nov. and a new host record for Sporocadus rosigena"]. MycoKeys. 79: 173–192. doi:10.3897/mycokeys.79.60662. PMC 8096799. PMID 33958954. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
  8. "Sporocadus Corda, 1839". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  9. "Sporocadus - Search Page". www.speciesfungorum.org. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
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