Sphingobacteria (phylum)

Sphingobacteria
	Bacteroides spp.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
(unranked):	FCB group
Phyla
	Bacteroidota–Chlorobiota group Bacteroidota; Balneolota; Chlorobiota; Ignavibacteriota; Rhodothermota; "Ca. Kapabacteria"; "Ca. Kryptonia"; ; Calditrichota; Fibrobacterota; Gemmatimonadota; "Ca. Aegiribacteria"; "Ca. Cloacimonetes"; "Ca. Delphibacteria"; "Ca. Fermentibacteria"; "Ca. Hydrogenedentes"; "Ca. Latescibacteria"; "Ca. Marinimicrobia"; "Ca. "Zixibacteria";
Synonyms
	Sphingobacteria Cavalier-Smith, 1987[1]

The FCB group is a superphylum of bacteria named after the main member phyla Fibrobacterota, Chlorobiota, and Bacteroidota. The members are considered to form a clade due to a number of conserved signature indels.[2]

Cavalier-Smith calls the equivalent grouping a phylum by the name of Sphingobacteria. It contains the classes Chlorobiota, Fibrobacterota, Bacteroidota, and Flavobacteria. However, this megaclassification is not followed by the larger scientific community.[3][4][5]

FCB group[2][6][7]

16S rRNA based LTP_12_2021[8][9][10]

GTDB 07-RS207 by Genome Taxonomy Database[11][12][13]

FCB

"Hydrogenedentes"

"Fermentibacteria"

	Gemmatimonadota

	"Latescibacteria"

Fibrobacterota

"Delphibacteria"

	"Cloacimonetes"

	"Zixibacteria"

	Calditrichota

	"Marinimicrobia"

Bacteroidota–Chlorobiota

	Ignavibacteriota

	"Kryptonia"

"Kapabacteria"

Chlorobiota

	Rhodothermota

	Bacteroidota

	Fibrobacterota

	Gemmatimonadota

Calditrichota

	Ignavibacteriota

	Chlorobiota

Rhodothermota

	Balneolota

	Bacteroidota

"Latescibacteria (incl. "Handelsmanbacteria")

	"Edwardsbacteria""

	"Zixibacteria"

	"Eisenbacteria"

	"Krumholzibacteriota" (incl. "Delphibacteria")

	"Fermentibacteria" (incl. "Aegiribacteria")

	Gemmatimonadota (incl. "Glassbacteria")

"Hydrothermota" (incl. "Stahlbacteria", "Pyropristinus")

	"Cloacimonetes"

	Fibrobacterota (incl. "Raymondbacteria")

"Delongbacteria"

Calditrichota

"Marinisomatota"

Bacteroidota

"Kapabacteria"

	"Kryptonia"

	"Ignavibacteriia"

"Chlorobiia"

	Rhodothermia (incl. Balneolales)

	Bacteroidia

An analogous situation is seen with the PVC group/Planctobacteria.

The Bacteroidota–Chlorobiota group in brown is visible on this 2016 tree of life using ribosomal protein sequences[14]

Notes

References

Cavalier-Smith, T. (1987). The origin of cells: a symbiosis between genes, catalysts and membranes. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 52, 805-24, , .
Gupta, R. S. (2004). "The Phylogeny and Signature Sequences Characteristics of Fibrobacteres, Chlorobi, and Bacteroidetes". Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 30 (2): 123–143. doi:10.1080/10408410490435133. PMID 15239383. S2CID 24565648.
Cavalier-Smith T (2006). "Rooting the tree of life by transition analyses". Biol. Direct. 1: 19. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-1-19. PMC 1586193. PMID 16834776.
Krieg, N.R.; Ludwig, W.; Whitman, W.B.; Hedlund, B.P.; Paster, B.J.; Staley, J.T.; Ward, N.; Brown, D.; Parte, A. (November 24, 2010) [1984(Williams & Wilkins)]. George M. Garrity (ed.). The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. p. 908. ISBN 978-0-387-95042-6. British Library no. GBA561951.
Classification entry in LPSN; Euzéby, J.P. (1997). "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 47 (2): 590–2. doi:10.1099/00207713-47-2-590. PMID 9103655.
Emiley A Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2017, Global metagenomic survey reveals a new bacterial candidate phylum in geothermal springs. Nature Communications 7 · January 2016 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1047
Kirkegaard, Rasmus Hansen; Dueholm, Morten Simonsen; McIlroy, Simon Jon; Nierychlo, Marta; Karst, Søren Michael; Albertsen, Mads; Nielsen, Per Halkjær (October 2016). "Genomic insights into members of the candidate phylum Hyd24-12 common in mesophilic anaerobic digesters". The ISME Journal. 10 (10): 2352–2364. doi:10.1038/ismej.2016.43. ISSN 1751-7370. PMID 27058503.
"The LTP". Retrieved 23 February 2021.
"LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 23 February 2021.
"LTP_12_2021 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2021.
"GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
"ar53_r207.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
"Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
Hug, Laura A.; Baker, Brett J.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Brown, Christopher T.; Probst, Alexander J.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Butterfield, Cristina N.; Hernsdorf, Alex W.; Amano, Yuki; Ise, Kotaro; Suzuki, Yohey; Dudek, Natasha; Relman, David A.; Finstad, Kari M.; Amundson, Ronald; Thomas, Brian C.; Banfield, Jillian F. (11 April 2016). "A new view of the tree of life". Nature Microbiology. 1 (5): 16048. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.48. PMID 27572647.

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[1] Cavalier-Smith, T. (1987). The origin of cells: a symbiosis between genes, catalysts and membranes. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 52, 805-24, , .

[FCB-2] Gupta, R. S. (2004). "The Phylogeny and Signature Sequences Characteristics of Fibrobacteres, Chlorobi, and Bacteroidetes". Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 30 (2): 123–143. doi:10.1080/10408410490435133. PMID 15239383. S2CID 24565648.

[pmid16834776-3] Cavalier-Smith T (2006). "Rooting the tree of life by transition analyses". Biol. Direct. 1: 19. doi:10.1186/1745-6150-1-19. PMC 1586193. PMID 16834776.

[4] Krieg, N.R.; Ludwig, W.; Whitman, W.B.; Hedlund, B.P.; Paster, B.J.; Staley, J.T.; Ward, N.; Brown, D.; Parte, A. (November 24, 2010) [1984(Williams & Wilkins)]. George M. Garrity (ed.). The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. p. 908. ISBN 978-0-387-95042-6. British Library no. GBA561951.

[5] Classification entry in LPSN; Euzéby, J.P. (1997). "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 47 (2): 590–2. doi:10.1099/00207713-47-2-590. PMID 9103655.

[6] Emiley A Eloe-Fadrosh et al. 2017, Global metagenomic survey reveals a new bacterial candidate phylum in geothermal springs. Nature Communications 7 · January 2016 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1047

[7] Kirkegaard, Rasmus Hansen; Dueholm, Morten Simonsen; McIlroy, Simon Jon; Nierychlo, Marta; Karst, Søren Michael; Albertsen, Mads; Nielsen, Per Halkjær (October 2016). "Genomic insights into members of the candidate phylum Hyd24-12 common in mesophilic anaerobic digesters". The ISME Journal. 10 (10): 2352–2364. doi:10.1038/ismej.2016.43. ISSN 1751-7370. PMID 27058503.

[8] "The LTP". Retrieved 23 February 2021.

[9] "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 23 February 2021.

[10] "LTP_12_2021 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 23 February 2021.

[about-11] "GTDB release 07-RS207". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.

[tree-12] "ar53_r207.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.

[taxon_history-13] "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 20 June 2022.

[14] Hug, Laura A.; Baker, Brett J.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Brown, Christopher T.; Probst, Alexander J.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Butterfield, Cristina N.; Hernsdorf, Alex W.; Amano, Yuki; Ise, Kotaro; Suzuki, Yohey; Dudek, Natasha; Relman, David A.; Finstad, Kari M.; Amundson, Ronald; Thomas, Brian C.; Banfield, Jillian F. (11 April 2016). "A new view of the tree of life". Nature Microbiology. 1 (5): 16048. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.48. PMID 27572647.

Sphingobacteria (phylum)

Notes

See also

References