Spectacled tyrannulet

Spectacled tyrannulet
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Tyrannidae
Genus:	Zimmerius
Species:	Z. improbus
Binomial name
	Zimmerius improbus; (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1871)

The spectacled tyrannulet (Zimmerius improbus), also known as specious tyrannulet or mountain tyrannulet, is a small passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. It occurs in Venezuela and Colombia.

The spectacled tyrannulet was described in 1871 by the English naturalists Philip Sclater and Osbert Salvin under the binomial name Tyranniscus improbus.[2] It was formerly considered to be conspecific with the Guatemalan tyrannulet (Zimmerius vilissimus).[3][4]

There are two subspecies:[4]

Zimmerius improbus tamae (Phelps & Phelps Jr, 1954) – Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in northeast Colombia
Zimmerius improbus improbus (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1871) – Serranía del Perijá in northeast Colombia and northwest Venezuela

References

BirdLife International (2017). "Zimmerius improbus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T104008963A112284037. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T104008963A112284037.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
Sclater, P.L.; Salvin, O. (1871). "Description of five new species of birds from the United States of Columbia". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 840–844 [841]. The volume is dated 1870 but was not published until 1871.
"Proposal (441): Split Zimmerius improbus from Z. vilissimus". South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society. 2010. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2017). "Tyrant flycatchers". World Bird List Version 7.3. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 9 January 2018.

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[iucn_status_11_November_2021-1] BirdLife International (2017). "Zimmerius improbus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T104008963A112284037. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T104008963A112284037.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.

[2] Sclater, P.L.; Salvin, O. (1871). "Description of five new species of birds from the United States of Columbia". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 840–844 [841]. The volume is dated 1870 but was not published until 1871.

[3] "Proposal (441): Split Zimmerius improbus from Z. vilissimus". South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society. 2010. Retrieved 13 January 2018.

[ioc-4] Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2017). "Tyrant flycatchers". World Bird List Version 7.3. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 9 January 2018.