Security Council (Japan)

The Security Council (安全保障会議, Anzen-Hoshō-Kaigi) of Japan was the nine-person national security council which advises the prime minister on national security and the military and deals with a wide spectrum of issues which indirectly affect Japan's broader interests, including basic national defense policy, the National Defense Program Outline, the outline on coordinating industrial production and other matters related to the National Defense Program Outline, including decisions on diplomatic initiatives and defense operations.[1]

Like its predecessor, the National Defense Council, the SC had problems with its mandate, structure, secretariat and functions, but it was considered an improvement for its ability to coordinate with parts of the Japanese governments by conducting half a dozen meetings frequently.[2]

History

It was created on July 1, 1986, to replace the NDC during Yasuhiro Nakasone's term as prime minister.[3] The NDC acted as an advisory group on defense-related matters since 1956 and was plagued with shortcomings on managing daily defense issues and doing crisis management.[4] Then Japanese National Security Advisor Yuriko Koike pointed out Japanese bureaucracy is an obstacle to have a robust security regime.[5]

In January 2007, it was reported that a new national security body would be set up to eventually replace the SC with the aim of speeding up decision making on national security matters.[5]

It was superseded by the Japanese National Security Council set up by Shinzo Abe in January 2014.[6]

Membership

The Security Council was presided over by the Prime Minister and includes the Ministers of State who were specified in advance under Article 9 of the Cabinet Law; the Foreign Minister, the Finance Minister, the Chief Cabinet Secretary, the Minister for Defense, the Chairman of the National Public Safety Commission, and the Director General of the Economic Planning Agency.[7]

The Chairman of the Security Council may invite the Chairman of the Joint Staff Council or another relevant State Minister or Official to attend meetings.[7]

References
  1. "日本版NSC（国家安全保障会議）の概要と課題―日本版NSC構想、米英との比較、課題を中心に―" [Overview and Issues of the Japanese NSC (National Security Council) - Focusing on the Japanese version of the NSC concept, comparison with the U.S. and the U.K., and issues.] (PDF). National Diet Library (in Japanese). 10 October 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 May 2023.
  2. Liff, Adam P. (2018). "Japan's National Security Council: Policy Coordination and Political Power" (PDF). Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  3. Fukushima, Mayumi; Samuels, Richard J. (July 2018). "Japan's National Security Council: filling the whole of government?". Richard J. Samuels Via Jen Greenleaf. 94 (4): 773–790. doi:10.1093/ia/iiy032. hdl:1721.1/119205. ISSN 0020-5850.
  4. Liff, Adam P. (2018). "Japan's National Security Council: Policy Coordination and Political Power" (PDF). adamphailliff.com.
  5. "New security body may form policymaking core". 16 January 2007. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023.
  6. Alexander Martin (21 November 2013). "Japan to Form Own National Security Council". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  7. "Security Council". Federation of American Scientists. 12 October 2000.


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